Within the period of 1991 and 2022, the average mean temperature in Ghana was higher between the months of February and May, with the highest level recorded in March, at ***** degrees Celsius. The lowest average surface air temperature was registered in August, at **** degrees Celsius. Overall, the climate has varied in the country over the past years.

A temperatura em Gana aumentou para 28,26 graus Celsius em 2023, em comparação com 27,80 graus Celsius em 2022. Esta página inclui um gráfico com dados históricos para a Temperatura Média de Gana.

Between 1991 and 2022, the minimum temperatures in Ghana were registered in the months of January and December. The range of minimum temperatures remained between 20.66 and 24.57 degrees Celsius throughout the year. Overall, the surface air temperature has varied in the country over the past years.

Between 1991 and 2023, the average monthly rainfall in Ghana reached its highest at nearly *** millimeters, in September. On the other hand, the lowest levels of precipitation were in January, at **** millimeters. Moreover, within the period of April and October, the most elevated levels of rain were registered. Overall, average monthly temperatures were higher between February and May.

Monthly Average Temperature in Ghana 1901-2012

Ghana GH: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data was reported at 0.974 % in 2009. Ghana GH: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.974 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to 2009, with 1 observations. Ghana GH: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency in a region's water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population figures for the period stated.; ; EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database: www.emdat.be, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium), World Bank.; ;

Ghana Cooling Degree Days data was reported at 6,343.080 Degrees Celsius in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6,361.430 Degrees Celsius for 2019. Ghana Cooling Degree Days data is updated yearly, averaging 5,757.620 Degrees Celsius from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,384.580 Degrees Celsius in 2016 and a record low of 5,134.640 Degrees Celsius in 1976. Ghana Cooling Degree Days data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Climate Risk. A cooling degree day (CDD) is a measurement designed to track energy use. It is the number of degrees that a day's average temperature is above 18°C (65°F). Daily degree days are accumulated to obtain annual values.;World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal. https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org;;

Ghana Heating Degree Days data was reported at 0.000 Degrees Celsius in 2020. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Degrees Celsius for 2019. Ghana Heating Degree Days data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 Degrees Celsius from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Degrees Celsius in 2020 and a record low of 0.000 Degrees Celsius in 2020. Ghana Heating Degree Days data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Climate Risk. A heating degree day (HDD) is a measurement designed to track energy use. It is the number of degrees that a day's average temperature is below 18°C (65°F). Daily degree days are accumulated to obtain annual values.;World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal. https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org;;

This dataset contains the daily summaries on base stations across Ghana. The four indicators included are:

* TPCP: Total precipitation
* MXSD: Maximum snow depth
* TSNW: Total snow fall
* EMXP: Extreme maximum daily precipitation

Indicators are compiled by the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), which is administrated by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) an organization part of the United States government. NOAA has access to data collected from thousands of base stations around the world, which collect data periodically on weather and climate conditions.

This dataset contains the latest 5 years of available data.

Additional file 2. Average annual mean temperature for Ghana downloaded from Climate Change Knowledge Portal (CCKP) (Available at: https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/ghana/climate-data-historical ).

This is micro-climatic data for Africa RISING with all weather variables captured for March, June, July and August 2017. This is for a site called Nyangua near Navrongo in the Upper East region of Ghana.

In 2021, rainfall in Ghana was highest in the Western and Western North regions, at around 1.6 thousand millimeters. The Eastern, Ashanti, and Central regions also registered considerable levels of rainfall. On average, between 1991 and 2022, September recorded the highest monthly downpours of rain in the country.

Climate change and weather variability pose serious threats to food and nutrition security as well as ecosystems, especially when livelihoods depend heavily on natural resources. This study examines the effect of weather variability (shock) occurring up to three planting and growing season prior on per capita monthly household expenditure in rural Tanzania, Uganda, and Ghana. The analyses combine monthly temperature (1950–2013) and precipitation (1981–2013) data with data from several rounds of household surveys conducted between 1998 and 2013. Substantial spatial and temporal heterogeneity is documented in the incidence of shocks, with effects dependent on both the study and lag period considered. Analysis of short panel data shows the cumulative effect of above-average precipitation on expenditure to be negative in Uganda -while positive in Tanzania-, but the relationship does not persist when pooling survey data spanning over a decade. The evidence from pooled data suggests a positive association between above-average temperature (heat wave) and expenditure in (historically cooler) Uganda, with the opposite effect observed in (the relatively warmer) Tanzania. For Ghana, the association between heat wave and expenditure is positive. There is no evidence of heterogeneous effects along several dimensions, except by agro-ecological condition. Further research into the effects of shocks on more direct outcomes–such as agricultural practices, yields, and dietary intake–is therefore recommended to shed light on possible impact pathways and appropriate localized adaptation strategies.

Rainfall in mm

Statistics illustrates market overview of weather stations and alike in Ghana from 2007 to 2024.

Daily weather data owned or distributed by AfricaRice and available on http://www.mlaxmel.com/weatherdata/query.php

As part of an IFPRI-funded project, raw and partially processed secondary data have been harmonized and analyzed to examine the effects of weather variability on household welfare, the latter measured using per capita total household expenditure. This cross-country project covers rural Ghana, Uganda, and Tanzania. Household survey data, a time series of monthly precipitation and temperature, as well as other biophysical data have been harmonized and analyzed using Stata software. Several Stata do files have been created for data processing and analysis as noted in the attached “READ ME.txt” file. The sources of household survey data are the following: National Household Budget Surveys and National Panel Surveys (for Tanzania); National Household Surveys and National Panel Surveys (for Uganda); and Ghana Living Standards Surveys (for Ghana). Precipitation data are obtained from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS). Temperature data are obtained from the Center for Climatic Research at the University of Delaware. Other landscape-level biophysical data analyzed include night lights, population density, and agroecological zones (AEZ).

Systeme d'Observation du Cycle Hydrologique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale - Hydrologic Cycle Observation System for West and Central Africa (AOS-HYCOS)

 AOC-HYCOS was established as a pilot project in 1999.

 Temperature, humidity, daily and monthly rain fall data are available
 for West and Central Africa in addition to a map of precipitation
 averages for West and Central Africa from 1951 to 1989.

 The Hydrologic Regional Observatory collects data from Hydrologic
 platforms equipped with transmission devices (ARGOS and Meteosat) in
 the West and Central Africa.

 The station at Chari N'Djamena is equipped with a METEOSAT
 transmission. This is a standard HYCOS model and similar to the
 MED_Hycos equipment. Data is received every 3 hours by the SRDM
 (Station de Reception Directe Meteosat) at the observatory in
 Ouagadougou. Data, such as water, air and soil temperature, water
 level, rain fall are collected. Only data from the last 7 days are
 online. Historical data can be obtained from the Observatory by
 contacting Michel Gautier at gautier@ouaga.orstom.bf.

   Participating countries are:

   Burkina
   Cap-Vert
   Gambia
   Ghana
   Guinea
   Mali
   Mauritania
   Niger
   Nigeria
   Senegal
   Chad

 This information was obtained and translated from French to English
 from the AOC-HYCOS web site at "http://aochycos.ird.ne/". The web site
 is available in French.

 Information obtained from "http://aochycos.ird.ne/"
 Data link for Hydrological data:
 "http://aochycos.ird.ne/HTMLF/ETUDES/HYDRO/INDEX.HTM"

 Data link for Weather data:
 "http://aochycos.ird.ne/HTMLF/ETUDES/METEO/INDEX.HTM"

Ghana announces a second cocoa harvest forecast reduction for 2024-25 season due to adverse weather, affecting global supply and prices.

Extracted time series satellite remote sensing (RS) data in an excel table with column names describing the content of the observations in rows. It also include figures and results tables from the analysis conducted in the research. The data excludes the actual yield data obtained from mango growers in the study locations of which sharing is not permitted. The satellite RS data was used in relation with the actual yield data to develop the time series yield models.