The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities.

Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office.

The following dataset from Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) contains air temperature (mean minimum) measurements in celsius units and were aggregated to a monthly timescale.

The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Harvard Forest (HFR) contains air temperature (mean) measurements in celsius units and were aggregated to a monthly timescale.

The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) contains air temperature (mean maximum ) measurements in celsius units and were aggregated to a monthly timescale.

This data release supports analyses of the relations between monthly average nutrient concentrations in the Herring River on the ebb tide near Wellfleet Massachusetts and monthly average precipitation, temperature, runoff, solar radiation, ocean water temperature, mean sea level, nutrient concentrations in Wellfleet Harbor, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen 2015-2021. The Environmental_Variables.csv file contains the monthly average precipitation, temperature, runoff, solar radiation, ocean water temperature, mean sea level, nutrient concentrations in Wellfleet Harbor, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen data. The Velocity_andgage_height.csv file contains the data on surface water velocity that were used to determine the time of the beginning of flood and ebb tides from June 2020 through December 2021. The gage height data were used as a backup to the velocity data for determining the time of the beginning of flood and ebb tides.

Global warming trends, human-assisted transport, and urbanization have allowed poleward expansion of many tropical vector species, but the specific mechanisms responsible for thermal mediation of range changes and ecological success of invaders remain poorly understood. Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is a tropical mosquito currently expanding into many higher-latitude regions including the urban desert region of Maricopa County, Arizona. Here, adult populations virtually disappear in winter and spring, and then increase exponentially through summer and fall, indicating that winter conditions remain a barrier to development of A. aegypti. To determine whether cold limits the winter development of A. aegypti larvae in Maricopa County, we surveyed for larval abundance, and tested their capacity to develop in ambient and warmed conditions. Aedes aegypti larvae were not observed in artificial aquatic habitats in winter and spring but were abundant in summer and fall, suggesting winter suppression of adults, larvae or both. Water temperatures in winter months fluctuated strongly; larvae were usually cold-paralyzed at night but active during the day. Despite daytime temperatures that allowed activity, larvae reared under ambient winter conditions were unable to develop to adulthood, perhaps due to repetitive cold damage. However, warming average temperature by 1.7°C allowed many larvae to successfully develop to adults. Because daytime highs in winter will often allow adult flight, it is possible that relatively minor additional winter warming may allow A. aegypti populations to develop and reproduce year-round in Maricopa County. Methods From September of 2017, till August of 2019, water temperatures and A. aegypti larval presence was recorded in nine 19 liter buckets placed in the backyard of Jon Harrison’s home in Tempe, Arizona (33.339, -111.924), as it was known to experience high abundances of A. aegypti. Buckets were 5 – 10 m apart, and so should not be considered ecologically independent. Onset HOBO Pendant® UA-002-08 data loggers (Bourne, Massachusetts) were used to record temperature levels, and larval presence was observed every 1-10 days depending on season (frequently in the summer, less so in winter). If mosquito larvae were observed, they were collected from the bucket with a net and their species identity confirmed with a dissection scope. The data set labeled Figure 2 data provides the water temperatures in one representative bucket from 2017-2019 as shown in Fig. 2 of the manuscript. Larval rearing for mesocosm experiments The parents of larvae used in the mesocosm overwintering experiments were reared from Maricopa County, AZ, origin eggs collected by Maricopa County Vector Control from September to November of 2019. These eggs were placed in a 500 ml beaker, submerged, and hatched in a solution of 0.25 g/L baker’s yeast (Byttebier et al. 2014). As the 1st instar larvae emerged, they were fed TetraMin fish flakes every 1-2 days, making sure that an excess amount of food was visible in the container. The rearing density for the larvae was maintained at fewer than 500 animals per liter of water. As pupae began to appear, the beaker of larvae was placed in a 95-liter polymer-screened cage to contain the expected adults. Cotton balls saturated with 10% sucrose solution were made available for the adults as they began to emerge; these were taken away two days prior to blood feeding. One week after emerging, the adults were blood-fed using mice (IACUC protocol: 18-1662R). After a three-day gestation period, the females were supplied with moist seed-germinating paper to encourage oviposition. Once the females had finished ovipositing, the eggs were kept moist for an additional 48 hours before being dried, and placed in open zip lock sandwich bags which were stored at 100% humidity and 24°C. High humidity in the egg storage containers was achieved by storing damp paper towels along with the opened egg bags within a larger 3.8L bag. These eggs were kept for less than one month before the hatching procedure was repeated to produce the larvae for the experiment. In the lab, across all life stages, the mosquitoes were exposed to a 12:12 L/D photoperiod at 24°C. After hatching, the 2nd instar larvae were moved to their outdoor experimental mesocosms. The larvae were randomly distributed with 20 larvae supplied per each of three ambient mesocosms (Amb1, Amb2, Amb3) and six to warmed mesocosms (W1 – W6), which were warmed by varying amounts (W1 = least warmed, W6 = most warmed). The goal was to achieve a range of warming from very small warming (1-2°C in the least-warmed mesocosm (W1), to near-summer conditions in the most-warmed mesocosm (W6). Each mesocosm was a 150 ml clear plastic container, filled with 125 mL dechlorinated tap water. TetraMin fish flakes were supplied to each mesocosm, with more added every three days or when food was completely consumed. Although the mesocosms were open, we observed no mosquitoes flying in the field, and none were captured in local water buckets, and all A.a. in the mesocosms were of uniform stage, so we believe that this experiment was not affected by oviposition from wild mosquitoes. Manipulation of thermal conditions for larval outdoor rearing All mesocosms were placed on a table one meter above the ground and protected from rain, wind, and sunlight by a roof. The mesocosms were placed within individual lidless pine boxes (10x10x14 cm, 0.95 cm thick walls), and so were exposed to normal fluctuations in air temperature. Each warmed mesocosm was placed on 40mm2 thermoelectric plates with 40mm2 aluminum heatsinks attached using thermally conductive adhesive on each side. The warming orientation of the thermoelectric plate was positioned upwards, towards the mesocosms, to ensure adequate energy transfer from the heating units to the water. Each thermoelectric device was powered by two KORAD KD3005D 30V, 5A power supplies (Shenzhen, China). The thermoelectric plates were wired in parallel. Variable warming was produced by changing the supplied voltage. Temperatures were measured in the cups using HOBO Pendant® UA-002-08 data loggers submerged in the center of each cup. We did not measure temperature gradients within the mesocosms, but believe that they are likely to be small except possibly in the mesocosms that were maximally-warmed, as the mesocosms were small and mostly not strongly warmed above air temperature. Temperatures were logged each hour in each warmed mesocosm, and in one ambient treatment mesocosm. The data file labeled Figure 3 data provides the wate temperatures at hourly intervals during the experiment for one mesocosm at ambient temperature, mesocosm W1 (the least warmed mesocosm) and mesocosm W6 (the most warmed mesocosm) as shown in Fig. 3 of the manuscript.

Early- and Middle-Miocene sediments of the North Alpine Foreland Basin (NAFB) in Southern Germany contain one of the world richest regional records of silicified wood. Here we analyze over 1,000 identifiable samples, belonging to 80 wood anatomical taxa from 61 stratigraphically well-dated localities using principally the Coexistence Approach. The samples investigated originate from fluvial sediments representing periods of intensified surface runoff in the NAFB and therefore represent and provide information pertaining to the wet end-member of the fluctuating climate system. The dry end of the climate system is represented in the profiles either by hiatuses or palaeosoils. The dataset is split into four xylofloras: (I) the Ortenburg xyloflora (Late Ottnangian; ~17.5 to 17.3 Ma) originating from a paratropical evergreen Carapoxylon (Xylocarpus) forest; (II) the Southern Franconian Alb xyloflora (Late Karpatian; 17.0 to ~16.3 Ma) originating from a subtropical semideciduous limestone forest; (III) the upper Older Series xyloflora (Early Badenian; ~16.3 to ~15.3 Ma) originating from a subtropical oak-laurel forest; and (IV) the upper Middle Series xyloflora (Middle Badenian; 14.3 to ~13.8 Ma) originating from a subtropical dry deciduous forest.

Correlation coefficients between the independent predictor variables (column headers) and the dependent variables (rows) importance of environmental conditions.