In 2024, the average air temperature in Japan's capital reached around **** degrees Celsius. Tokyo's annual mean air temperature increased by **** degrees Celsius since 1900, showing the progress of global warming. Weather in Tokyo Tokyo lies in the humid subtropical climate zone. It is affected by the monsoon circulation and has mild, sunny winters and hot, humid, and rainy summers. In most of Japan, the rainy season lasts from early June to mid-July. Furthermore, heavy rainfall is often caused by typhoons, which develop over the Pacific Ocean and regularly approach the archipelago between July and October. In recent years, the Kanto region, including Tokyo Prefecture, was approached by at least two typhoons each year. Since the winters are rather mild in Tokyo, the capital city does not often see snowfall and the snow rarely remains on the ground for more than a few days. Effects of global warming in Japan The increasing air temperature is one of the main consequences of global warming. Other effects are increased flooding frequency and a rise in sea levels due to melting ice caps. Global warming has already influenced Japan's climate in recent years, resulting in more frequent heat waves as well as increased annual rainfall. These weather changes can intensify natural disasters such as typhoons and inhibit the growth of crops. To counter global warming, Japan aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by increasing its renewable and nuclear energy share.

Temperature in Japan increased to 13.11 celsius in 2024 from 13 celsius in 2023. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Japan Average Temperature.

In 2024, the highest average monthly air temperature in Japan's capital Tokyo was recorded in August, reaching about ** degrees Celsius. With an average of *** degrees Celsius, January represented the month with the lowest temperature.  Weather in Japan Due to its wide range of latitude, Japan hosts contrasting climate regions, ranging from a humid continental climate in the north to a humid subtropical climate in the south. The island nation has four distinct seasons, but the weather conditions differ between the Pacific side and the Sea of Japan side. In Japan, the majority of rain falls during the rainy season, which usually lasts from early June to mid-July. Furthermore, heavy rain is often caused by typhoons, which regularly approach the archipelago between July and October.  Climate change and extreme weather Global warming has already influenced Japan's climate in recent years, resulting in increased average annual rainfall as well as an increase in the average annual temperature in Tokyo. These weather changes can intensify extreme weather situations and natural disasters such as heavy rain, typhoons, and heatwaves. In recent years, the higher frequency of heat waves with temperatures above ** degrees caused health problems for citizens, as shown in the increase in the number of patients taken to the hospital with heat strokes.

In 2023, the weather observing station in Naha, which is situated in the southernmost Japanese prefecture Okinawa, measured the highest annual average temperature of **** degrees Celsius. With around ** degrees Celsius, the lowest annual average temperature was measured in Sapporo, Hokkaido.

In 2023, the average air temperature in Kyoto amounted to around **** degrees Celsius. Figures have been increasing compared to around **** degrees Celsius in 1910. The Japanese city Kyoto is located in the southern part of Honshu, around ** kilometers from the sea surrounded by mountains. The climate is subtropical with hot and humid summers and mild winters.

The Historical Gridded Meteorological Dataset in Japan (HGMD-Japan) is a grided high-resolution (1km x 1km, approximately) daily (and in some cases hourly or yearly) meteorological datasets, intended for use in agricultural climate change analysis, created from 1978 to the latest year continuously. The daily data were created by overlaying the spatially interpolated differences between observed and climate normal at the meteorological observation stations onto the 1km resolution gridded climate data. In this process, in order to maintain time-series homogeneity in each variable, possible source of time-series heterogeneities unrelated to climate change, such as changes in statistical methods and instrument types, were corrected as much as possible.

The details of this dataset are described as follows.

■ Common items Projection: Geographic Geodetic system: Tokyo Datum

◆ Daily data Directory structure: HGMDJ_NARO(YYYY)daily[file] File name: (YYYY)_d_(element).bin Element name (element): Mean temperatures (tmp) [0.1 °C]
Maximum temperatures (hourly) (tmx) [0.1 °C] Minimum temperatures (hourly) (tmn) [0.1 °C] Precipitation (pre) [0.1 mm] Solar radiation (srd) [0.1 MJ/m2/d] Sunshine duration (sdr) [0.1 hour] Relative humidity (rhu) [0.1 %] Wind speed at 2.5m height (wsd) [0.1 m/s] Downward long wave radiation (lrd) [0.1 MJ/ m2/d] Potential evapotranspiration (pet) [0.1 mm] FAO reference evapotranspiration (eto) [0.1 mm] Paddy water temperature (LAI=0) (tw0) [0.1 °C] Paddy water temperature (LAI=∞) (twi) [0.1 °C] Error value: -999 Record format: Data format: Binary format (little endian) Data size: 278,237,440 bytes Record length: 736 bytes (4+366*2: see below) Number of rows (meshes): 378040 Structure: 1) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 366 days 2) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 366 days ・・・ 378040) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 366 days * Dummy (-999) for the 366th day in no-leap years

◆ Hourly data Directory structure: HGMDJ_NARO(YYYY)hourly[element][file] File name: (YYYYMMDD)_h_(element).bin Element name (element): Rice panicle temperatures (tp) [0.1 °C] Air temperatures (ta) [0.1 °C] Error value: -999 Record format: Data format: Binary format (little endian) Data size: 19,658,080 bytes Record length: 52 bytes (4+24*2: see below) Number of rows (meshes): 378040 Structure: 1) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 24 hours 2) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 24 hours ・・・ 378040) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) x 24 hours

◆ Yearly data Directory structure: HGMDJ_NARO(YYYY)yearly[file] File name: (YYYY)_y_(element).bin Element name (element): Heat-dose of daily maximum temperature above 35 ℃ (HD_x35) (hdx35) [0.1 °C day] Heat-dose of daily minimum temperature above 25 ℃ (HD_n25) (hdn25) [0.1 °C day] Heat-dose of daily mean temperature above 26 ℃ (HD_m26) (hdm26) [0.1 °C day] Mean air temperature during 20 days after heading date (hed20atm) [0.1 °C] HD_m26 during 20 days after heading date (hed20hdm26) [0.1 °C day] Mean panicle temperature during daytime within 5 days around heading date (ptm5dc) [0.1 °C] Mean panicle temperature during daytime within 7 days around heading date (ptm7dc) [0.1 °C] Error value: -999 Record format: Data format: Binary format (little endian) Data size: 2,268,240 bytes Record length: 6 bytes (4+2: see below) Number of rows (meshes): 378040 Structure: 1) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) 2) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short) ・・・ 378040) 3rd mesh code (4 byte long), data (2 byte short)

In 2023, the annual average rainfall in Japan amounted to around **** thousand millimeters. Figures increased compared to about **** thousand millimeters in the previous year. Most of the rain fell during the rainy season, which is the time of year when most of a region's average annual rainfall occurs. Seasonal rainfall In most of Japan, the rainy season lasts from early June to mid-July. In the southernmost prefecture Okinawa, it roughly starts a month earlier, while the northernmost main island Hokkaido is less affected. Heavy rainfall can cause floods, which can lead to landslides and mudflows in mountainous areas. In recent years, flooded houses accounted for the highest number of damage situations in natural disasters. Furthermore, heavy rain and floods are often caused by typhoons, which develop over the Pacific Ocean and regularly approach the archipelago between July and October. Since the number of typhoons has increased in recent years, the amount of damage caused by floods grew as well. Climate change Climate change has affected Japan in recent years, resulting in increased rainfall and an increase of the average annual temperature in Tokyo. These weather changes can intensify natural disasters such as heavy rain and typhoons. In recent years, Japan was among the countries with the most natural disasters. To counter global warming, Japan aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by increasing its renewable and nuclear energy share.

This dataset provides values for TEMPERATURE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

In 2024, July was the hottest month in Naha, with an average temperature amounting to 30.5 degrees Celsius. January represented the coldest month, with an average mean air temperature of 17.9 degrees Celsius. Naha is the capital city of Okinawa Prefecture, the southernmost island of Japan.

From 2016 to 2021, a national survey of birds has been conducted as "Japan Breeding Bird Atlas" We conducted two complete survey courses within each cell of a 20km square mesh (total 2344 courses) placed as a graticule over the map of Japan. Using this data, we determined the average temperature of breeding birds in Japan. The mean temperatures of the distribution areas of various bird species (species temperature index: STI) weighted with number of individuals were calculated. Species recorded at over 30 sites were indicated.

17.8 (Degrees celsius) in 2020.

In 2023, the annual mean air temperature in Sapporo, Japan amounted to around ****** degrees Celsius. Figures indicated an upwards trend throughout the past decade. Sapporo is the largest city on the northernmost Japanese island Hokkaido.

Japan Heating Degree Days data was reported at 4,740.880 Degrees Celsius in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,764.450 Degrees Celsius for 2019. Japan Heating Degree Days data is updated yearly, averaging 5,237.220 Degrees Celsius from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,013.210 Degrees Celsius in 1984 and a record low of 4,672.320 Degrees Celsius in 2015. Japan Heating Degree Days data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Climate Risk. A heating degree day (HDD) is a measurement designed to track energy use. It is the number of degrees that a day's average temperature is below 18°C (65°F). Daily degree days are accumulated to obtain annual values.;World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal. https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org;;

Japan Cooling Degree Days data was reported at 998.270 Degrees Celsius in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 992.380 Degrees Celsius for 2019. Japan Cooling Degree Days data is updated yearly, averaging 823.280 Degrees Celsius from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,096.980 Degrees Celsius in 2010 and a record low of 537.130 Degrees Celsius in 1993. Japan Cooling Degree Days data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Climate Risk. A cooling degree day (CDD) is a measurement designed to track energy use. It is the number of degrees that a day's average temperature is above 18°C (65°F). Daily degree days are accumulated to obtain annual values.;World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal. https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org;;

Dataset: 1km grid daily climate change scenarios in Hokuriku, Japan. The dataset is generated from both the monthly climate change scenarios of 12 GCMs under two emission scenarios (A1B and B1) and the NIAES 1km grid meteorological data in Japan. Daily climate data in the dataset are generated using the weather generator WAGEN.

Variables: daily maximum/minimum air temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed

Remarks: Daily mean temperature is calculated as the average of daily maximum and minimum temperatures.

In 2024, the average air temperature in Naha amounted to around **** degrees Celsius. Figures increased throughout the past decade, compared to around ** degrees Celsius in 2013. Naha is the capital city of Okinawa Prefecture, the southernmost island of Japan.

Japan Maximum 5-day Rainfall: 25-year Return Level data was reported at 16.534 mm in 2050. Japan Maximum 5-day Rainfall: 25-year Return Level data is updated yearly, averaging 16.534 mm from Dec 2050 (Median) to 2050, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.534 mm in 2050 and a record low of 16.534 mm in 2050. Japan Maximum 5-day Rainfall: 25-year Return Level data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Climate Risk. A 25-year return level of the 5-day cumulative precipitation is the maximum precipitation sum over any 5-day period that can be expected once in an average 25-year period.;World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal (https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org);;

PERIOD: Average observations at each meteorological station from its establishment to 1934, annual average for 1934, and monthly average for January, April, July, and October of 1934. SOURCE: [Reports by the Central Meteorological Observatory of Japan].

Japan JP: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data was reported at 0.021 % in 2009. Japan JP: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.021 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to 2009, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Droughts, Floods, Extreme Temperatures: Average 1990-2009: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency in a region's water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population figures for the period stated.; ; EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database: www.emdat.be, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium), World Bank.; ;

In 2022, the annual mean air temperature in Kagoshima, Japan amounted to around **** degrees Celsius. Figures increased compared to about **** degrees Celsius in 2013. Kagoshima Prefecture is located in the southern tip of the main island Kyushu.