The number of inhabitants living in Baja California Sur amounted to over 840,000 in 2022, having overall continuously increased since 2008, when approximately 611,100 people lived there. The state of Baja California Sur is one of the least populated regions in Mexico.

As of 2020, the Mexican state of Baja California accommodated a population of approximately **** million individuals. The gender distribution among the residents was relatively equal, with women comprising ****% and men making up ****% of the total population.

Mexico Population: Baja California Sur data was reported at 762.770 Person th in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 745.653 Person th for 2017. Mexico Population: Baja California Sur data is updated yearly, averaging 361.449 Person th from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 762.770 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 131.309 Person th in 1970. Mexico Population: Baja California Sur data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G002: Population: by State.

Mexico Population: Baja California data was reported at 3,492.294 Person th in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,433.349 Person th for 2017. Mexico Population: Baja California data is updated yearly, averaging 1,987.944 Person th from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,492.294 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 893.845 Person th in 1970. Mexico Population: Baja California data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G002: Population: by State.

Mexico Population: Female: Baja California data was reported at 1,746.359 Person th in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,716.365 Person th for 2017. Mexico Population: Female: Baja California data is updated yearly, averaging 984.316 Person th from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,746.359 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 447.556 Person th in 1970. Mexico Population: Female: Baja California data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G002: Population: by State.

In 2020, the population in non-family households in Baja California Sur amounted to about ****** people. Between 2000 and 2020, the population rose by approximately ****** people.

Mexico Population: Female: Baja California Sur data was reported at 374.710 Person th in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 366.168 Person th for 2017. Mexico Population: Female: Baja California Sur data is updated yearly, averaging 176.978 Person th from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 374.710 Person th in 2018 and a record low of 64.014 Person th in 1970. Mexico Population: Female: Baja California Sur data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G002: Population: by State.

Climate change and the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) population in Baja California, Mexico - Table 2

The Earth′s climate is warming, especially in the mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) breeds and haul-outs on islands and the mainland of Baja California, Mexico, and California, U.S.A. At the beginning of the 21st century, numbers of elephant seals in California are increasing, but the status of Baja California populations is unknown, and some data suggest they may be decreasing. We hypothesize that the elephant seal population of Baja California is experiencing a decline because the animals are not migrating as far south due to warming sea and air temperatures. Here we assessed population trends of the Baja California population, and climate change in the region. The numbers of northern elephant seals in Baja California colonies have been decreasing since the 1990s, and both the surface waters off Baja California and the local air temperatures have warmed during the last three decades. We propose that declining population sizes may be attributable to decreased migration towards the southern portions of the range in response to the observed temperature increases. Further research is needed to confirm our hypothesis; however, if true, it would imply that elephant seal colonies of Baja California and California are not demographically isolated which would pose challenges to environmental and management policies between Mexico and the United States.

The rate per 100,000 inhabitants who heard from acquaintances about corruption in Baja California amounted to approximately ****** in 2023. Between 2013 and 2023, the rate rose by around ******, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.

Mexico Number of Immigrants: Baja California Sur data was reported at 5.288 Person th in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.896 Person th for 2010. Mexico Number of Immigrants: Baja California Sur data is updated yearly, averaging 2.752 Person th from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.896 Person th in 2010 and a record low of 0.296 Person th in 1975. Mexico Number of Immigrants: Baja California Sur data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G008: Number of Immigrants.

Mexico Average Years in School: Population: 15 Years & Above: Baja California Sur data was reported at 10.340 Year in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.910 Year for 2015. Mexico Average Years in School: Population: 15 Years & Above: Baja California Sur data is updated yearly, averaging 9.655 Year from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2020, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.340 Year in 2020 and a record low of 8.290 Year in 2000. Mexico Average Years in School: Population: 15 Years & Above: Baja California Sur data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G016: Education Statistics: Age 15 and Above.

Comprehensive dataset containing 18 verified Residents association businesses in Baja California, Mexico with complete contact information, ratings, reviews, and location data.

Number of polymorphic sites (S), haplotype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (π), and Tajima’ s D test of population expansion/contraction. Sample size (N), Hd and π ± standard error of the mean in parentheses.

A consistent finding from contemporary Western societies is that women outlive men. However, what is unclear is whether sex differences in survival are constant across varying socio-ecological conditions. We test the universality of the female survival advantage with mortality data from a 19th century population in the Baja California peninsula of Mexico. When examined simply, we find evidence for a male-biased survival advantage. However, results from Cox regression clearly show the importance of age intervals for variable survival patterns by sex. Our key findings are that males: 1) experience significantly lower mortality risk than females during the ages 15-30 (RR = 0.69), 2) are at a significantly increased risk of dying in the 61+ category (RR = 1.30), and 3) do not experience significantly different mortality risk at any other age interval (0-14, 31-45, 46-60). We interpret our results to stem from differing intrinsic and extrinsic risk-factors for sex-biased mortality across age...

AbstractThe prevalence of disease-driven mass mortality events is increasing, but our understanding of spatial variation in their magnitude, timing, and triggers are often poorly resolved. Here, we use a novel range-wide dataset comprised of 48,810 surveys to quantify how Sea Star Wasting Disease affected Pycnopodia helianthoides, the sunflower sea star, across its range from Baja California, Mexico to the Aleutian Islands, USA. We found that the outbreak occurred more rapidly, killed a greater percentage of the population, and left fewer survivors in the southern half of the species’ range. Pycnopodia now appears to be functionally extinct (> 99.2% declines) from Baja California, Mexico to Cape Flattery, Washington, USA and exhibited severe declines (> 87.8%) from the Salish Sea to the Gulf of Alaska. The importance of temperature in predicting Pycnopodia distribution rose 450% after the outbreak, suggesting these latitudinal gradients may stem from an interaction between disease severity and warmer waters. We found no evidence of population recovery in the years since the outbreak. Natural recovery in the southern half of the range is unlikely over the short-term and assisted recovery will likely be required for recovery in the southern half of the range on ecologically-relevant time scales. MethodsThirty research groups from Canada, the United States, Mexico, including First Nations, shared 34 datasets containing field surveys of Pycnopodia (Table S1). The data included 48,810 surveys from 1967 to 2020 derived from trawls, remotely operated vehicles, SCUBA dives, and intertidal surveys. We compiled survey data into a standardized format that included at minimum the coordinates, date, depth, area surveyed, and occurrence of Pycnopodia for each survey. When datasets contained more than one survey at a site in the same day (e.g. multiple transects), we divided the total Pycnopodia count in all surveys by the total survey area and averaged the latitude, longitude, and depth as necessary. Using breaks in data coverage, political boundaries, and biogeographic breaks we assigned each survey to one of twelve regions: Aleutian Islands, west Gulf of Alaska (GOA), east Gulf of Alaska, southeast Alaska, British Columbia (excluding the Salish Sea), Salish Sea (including the Puget Sound), Washington outer coast (excluding the Puget Sound), Oregon, northern California, central California, southern California, and the Pacific coast of Baja California (Fig. S1; see Supplementary Material). Usage notesDocumentation, data, and code accompanying Hamilton et al., 2021 Pycnopodia Rangewide Assessment paper. Data MasterPycno_ToShare: Dec_lat = latitude in decimal degrees. Numeric. Dec_lon = longitude in decimal degrees. Numeric. Depth = depth in meters. Numeric. Pres_abs = presence or absence of Pycnopodia on that survey. Binary. Presence = 1, absence = 0 Density_m2 = density in meters squared if available for that set of surveys. Numeric. NA = no density data available for that survey. Source = shorthand name of the group that shared the data with us and the type of data (e.g. trawl, dive). To get further info on who that dataset, group, and group contact, see Table S1. Character. Note: When datasets contained more than one survey at a site in the same day (e.g. multiple transects), we divided the total Pycnopodia count in all surveys by the total survey area and averaged the latitude, longitude, and depth as necessary in order to minimize the impacts of pseudoreplication on the dataset. Used in MaxentSWD_Final and Density-Inc_Models_Figs_Tables_ToShare. CrashEventsForRPlot: Crash Dates were determined trends in Pycnopodia occurrence (site-level presence or absence) to estimate ‘crash date’, defined as the date when the occurrence rate of Pycnopodia in a region decreased by 75% from pre-outbreak levels. Used in OutbreakTimelineFigs_ToShare.R EpidemicPhases: See manuscript methods for information on how the column ‘EpidemicPhases’ was created. “Start-End” specifies whether that date was the start or the end of that epidemic phase for that region. Used in OutbreakTimelineFigs_ToShare.R Incidence_2012-2019: Columns G-J were calculated by fitting a logistic regression model to the occurrence of Pycnopodia over time for each region. We fit a logistic regression model to the occurrence of Pycnopodia from 1/1/2012 to 12/31/2019 to model the shape of the population decline for each region (Fig. 1a). From these models, we 1) estimated regional Pycnopodia occurrence rates on 1/1/2012 and 12/31/2019, 2) calculated the predicted occurrence value corresponding to a 75% decline in starting versus ending occurrence in each region, and 3) solved the inverse logistic equations for the date at which this occurrence value was predicted. All other columns are identifying information derived from MasterPycno_ToShare. Used in OutbreakTimelineFigs_ToShare.R MasterPycno_021821_SpatialJoin: Used to make Fig 5 for the remnant population analysis....

This dataset contains genomic records from 184 California Gnatcatchers (Polioptila californica) collected at 18 sites in southern California (USA), 13 sites in Baja California (Mexico), and 17 sites in Baja California Sur (Mexico). Genomic markers were generated from ddRAD loci (Peterson and others, 2012) and analyzed using the Stacks v2.53 (Catchen and others, 2013) pipeline. The genotypes for all samples are provided in a VCF file with 84,125 independent loci and 7 percent missing data. A companion file is provided with sample names and occurrence designations. These files may be opened and edited in a text editor program, such as Notepad (PC) or BBEdit (Mac). The .vcf file can be loaded into the Stacks population program (Catchen and others, 2013) to calculate genetic diversity statistics, or loaded into R, using vcfR (Knaus and Grunwald, 2017), for further analysis. References: Catchen J., Hohenlohe P.A., Bassham S., Amores A., Cresko W.A. Stacks-an analysis tool set for population genomics. Molecular Ecology. 2013; 22:3124-3140. Knaus, B.J, Grunwald N.J. vcfr: a package to manipulate and visualize variant call format data in R. Molecular Ecology Resources. 2016; 17:44-53. Peterson B.K., Weber J.N., Kay E.H., Fisher H.S., Hoekstra H.E. Double Digest RADseq-an inexpensive method for de novo SNP discovery and genotyping in model and non-model species: PLoS ONE. 2012; 7:e37135.

Mexico Life Expectancy at Birth: Baja California data was reported at 75.860 Year in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 75.750 Year for 2017. Mexico Life Expectancy at Birth: Baja California data is updated yearly, averaging 72.790 Year from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 76.200 Year in 2004 and a record low of 62.165 Year in 1970. Mexico Life Expectancy at Birth: Baja California data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Population Council. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.G006: Life Expectancy at Birth: by State.

Abalone support commercial and recreational fishery, however their population have decline dramatically since 1950's. To understand the recruitment of abalone populations, standarized abalone recruitment modules made of half cinder blocks inside cages were deployed in Baja California and Baja California Sur, Mexico. 12 cages were deployed at three sites (i.e., El Rosario, Isla Natividad and La Bocana) in Mexico. The abundances of abalone and invertebrates found in the cages were checked after 12months. This dataset presents all the information collected from the cages deployed at three sites (El Rosario, Isla Natividad and La Bocana) in Baja California and Baja California Sur, Mexico. cdm_data_type=Other Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 doi=10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.907383.1 Easternmost_Easting=-113.7003 geospatial_lon_max=-113.7003 geospatial_lon_min=-115.799 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/907383 institution=BCO-DMO sourceUrl=(local files) Westernmost_Easting=-115.799

Assessing the realized effect of dispersal in the genetic makeup of a species has significant evolutionary, ecological, and economical consequences. Here, we investigate the genetic diversity and population differentiation in the aquilopelagic golden cownose ray Rhinoptera steindachneri from the Gulf of California (GC) and the Pacific coast of Baja California (PCBC) using the mitochondrial NADH2 gene. Low levels of genetic diversity were found with only 4 polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotypes among 76 specimens. Pacific coast organisms were fixed for a unique haplotype not shared with rays from the gulf; 92% of GC rays possessed a single NADH2 haplotype not found in the Pacific. This produced significant differentiation between the GC and the PCBC (ΦCT = 0.972, P < 0.001). A pronounced phylogeographic pattern was found in which GC haplotypes were reciprocally monophyletic relative to a very divergent Pacific lineage (d = 10%). Our results indicate that despite high dispersal potential, GC and PCBC golden cownose ray populations are characterized by highly divergent mitochondrial lineages. Although more evidence is needed to corroborate the genetic isolation and systematic status of PCBC and GC golden cownose rays, our results suggest a possible cryptic species in the region.