This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

S&P 500: A Bull or a Bear?

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

Between March 4 and March 11, 2020, the S&P 500 index declined by twelve percent, descending into a bear market. On March 12, 2020, the S&P 500 plunged 9.5 percent, its steepest one-day fall since 1987. The index began to recover at the start of April and reached a peak in December 2021. As of December 29, 2024, the value of the S&P 500 stood at 5,942.47 points. Coronavirus sparks stock market chaos Stock markets plunged in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, with investors fearing its spread would destroy economic growth. Buoyed by figures that suggested cases were leveling off in China, investors were initially optimistic about the virus being contained. However, confidence in the market started to subside as the number of cases increased worldwide. Investors were deterred from buying stocks, and this was reflected in the markets – the values of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq Composite also dived during the height of the crisis. What is a bear market? A bear market occurs when the value of a stock market suffers a prolonged decline of more than 20 percent over a period of at least two months. The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe concern and sent stock markets on a steep downward spiral. The S&P 500 achieved a record closing high of 3,386 on February 19, 2020. However, just over three weeks later, the market closed on 2,480, which represented a decline of around 26 percent in only 16 sessions.

On-Chain Metrics.xlsx contains a description of the on-chain metrics. Merged_df.xlsx is the main data source containing the BTC prices, the on-chain metrics and the sentiment scores. btc_twets_new.csv and training.1600000.processed.noemoticon.csv are the data sources for calculating the sentiment scores. Sentiment_Analysis.py contains the code to calculate the sentiment scores. The scores are in Merged_df.xlsx BTC_Prediction.py contains the implementation of the main approach described in the paper, especially in Fig. 11.

In 2023, the total sales value of Pull & Bear in Spain amounted to over 1.36 billion euros, which represents an increase of approximately 195 million euros compared to the previous year. Inditex, the parent clothing company that encompasses widely known brands such as Zara or Massimo Dutti, also targets a younger and more casual market through its Galicia-based clothing and accessories brand Pull & Bear. Spain was the country with by far the most Inditex stores.

Inditex one of the biggest apparel companies worldwide

Inditex ranked as the world’s second largest apparel and accessories retailer with nearly 33 billion U.S. dollars in 2021, following the American department store TJX Companies. Besides its sales revenues, the Spanish group saw a general increase in its number of stores worldwide, although the number has fallen since 2020, standing at roughly 5,800 in 2022.

Inditex and Zara

Out of the approximately 5.8 thousand Inditex stores globally, almost a third were Zara shops, ranking it as the leading Spanish clothing company. Therefore, it is no surprise that over the majority of Inditex sales were generated through the Zara brand in 2022.

Examining the dynamical transition of the Dow Jones Industrial Index from bull to bear market using recurrence quantification analysis is a book. It was written by Kitty Moloney and published by Department of Economics National University of Ireland Galway in 2011.

Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest investment bank on Wall Street, declared bankruptcy on the 15th of September 2008, becoming the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. The investment house, which was founded in the mid-19th century, had become heavily involved in the U.S. housing bubble in the early 2000s, with its large holdings of toxic mortgage-backed securities (MBS) ultimately causing the bank's downfall. The bank had expanded rapidly following the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999, which meant that investment banks could also engage in commercial banking activities. Lehman vertically integrated their mortgage business, buying smaller commercial enterprises that originated housing loans, which allowed the bank to expand its MBS holdings. The downfall of Lehman and the crash of '08 As the U.S. housing market began to slow down in 2006, the default rate on housing loans began to spike, triggering losses for Lehman from their MBS portfolio. Lehman's main competitor in mortgage financing, Bear Stearns, was bought by J.P. Morgan Chase in order to prevent bankruptcy in March 2008, leading investors and lenders to become increasingly concerned about the bank's financial health. As the bank relied on short-term funding on money markets in order to meet its obligations, the news of its huge losses in the third-quarter of 2008 further prevented it from funding itself on financial markets. By September, it was clear that without external assistance, the bank would fail. As its losses from credit default swaps mounted due to the deepening crash in the housing market, Lehman was forced to declare bankruptcy on September 15, as no buyer could be found to save the bank. The collapse of Lehman triggered panic in global financial markets, forcing the U.S. government to step in and bail-out the insurance giant AIG the next day on September 16. The effects of this financial crisis hit the non-financial economy hard, causing a global recession in 2009.

The global gummy market size reached US$ 21.4 billion in 2022. Revenue generated by gummy sales is likely to be US$ 24.3 billion in 2023. In the forecast period between 2023 and 2033, demand is poised to soar at 11.8% CAGR. Sales are anticipated to total to US$ 74.4 billion by 2033.

Attributes	Key Insights
Gummy Market Estimated Size (2023E)	US$ 24.3 billion
Gummy Market Projected Valuation (2033F)	US$ 74.4 billion
Value-based CAGR (2023 to 2033)	11.8%

Historical Performance of Gummy Market

Historical CAGR of Gummy Market (2018 to 2022)	13.9%
Historical Value of Gummy Market (2022)	US$ 21.4 billion

Country-wise Insights

Countries	Value-based CAGR (2023 to 2033)
United States	11.9%
United Kingdom	12.6%
China	12.2%
Japan	13.1%
South Korea	14.7%

Category-wise Insights

Category	Vitamins
Value-based CAGR (2023 to 2033)	11.7%

Category	Gelatin
Value-based CAGR (2023 to 2033)	11.5%

Scope of the Report

Attribute	Details
Estimated Market Size (2023)	US$ 24.3 billion
Projected Market Valuation (2033)	US$ 74.4 billion
Value-based CAGR (2023 to 2033)	11.8%
Forecast Period	2023 to 2033
Historical Data Available for	2018 to 2022
Market Analysis	Value (US$ billion/million) and Volume (MT)
Key Regions Covered	Latin America, North America, Europe, South Asia, East Asia, Oceania, and Middle East & Africa
Key Countries Covered	United States, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Argentina, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Canada, United Kingdom, Belgium, Nordic, Poland, Russia, Japan, South Korea, China, Netherlands, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, GCC Countries, South Africa, Central Africa, and others
Key Market Segments Covered	Product Ingredient End-use Distribution Channel Region
Key Companies Profiled	Procaps Group; Santa Cruz Nutritionals; Amapharm; Herbaland Canada; Allseps Pty. Ltd.

Build-A-Bear Workshop reported $10.07M in EBIT for its fiscal quarter ending in September of 2023. Data for Build-A-Bear Workshop | BBW - Ebit including historical, tables and charts were last updated by Trading Economics this last March in 2025.

Against the background of the global active pursuit of carbon neutrality, this paper uses the DY spillover index method to analyze the spillover network effects between carbon, fossil energy and financial markets. The research results show that the spillover effects between these three markets change over time, with an average spillover index of 25.30%, showing a significant mutual influence. Further analysis found that the EU carbon market plays an important role in spillover effects. Especially under the influence of extreme events, the spillover effects reach their peak. At this time, the degree of mutual influence between markets is as high as 60.01%. In addition, during the COVID-19 epidemic, the spillover effect of the EU carbon market on other markets also reached its maximum, indicating that the epidemic increased the contagion of cross-market risks and caused the carbon market to bear greater risks. The research results of this article have important guiding significance for environmental protection investment and emphasize the importance of formulating differentiated environmental protection policies in different time frames. Facing the dual challenges of global climate change and promoting the goal of carbon neutrality, governments and relevant institutions should pay close attention to changes in spillover effects between markets and timely adjust environmental protection policies to achieve maximum results.

Premature Death Rate for Bear Lake County, ID was 590.80000 Rate per 100,000 in January of 2020, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Premature Death Rate for Bear Lake County, ID reached a record high of 590.80000 in January of 2020 and a record low of 330.80000 in January of 2016. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Premature Death Rate for Bear Lake County, ID - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

Build-A-Bear Workshop reported $13.54M in EBITDA for its fiscal quarter ending in June of 2023. Data for Build-A-Bear Workshop | BBW - Ebitda including historical, tables and charts were last updated by Trading Economics this last March in 2025.

Build-A-Bear Workshop reported $10.48M in Pre-Tax Profit for its fiscal quarter ending in June of 2023. Data for Build-A-Bear Workshop | BBW - Pre Tax Profit including historical, tables and charts were last updated by Trading Economics this last March in 2025.

Build-A-Bear Workshop reported $85.31M in Current Liabilities for its fiscal quarter ending in September of 2023. Data for Build-A-Bear Workshop | BBW - Current Liabilities including historical, tables and charts were last updated by Trading Economics this last February in 2025.