According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Graph Analytics market size will be USD 2522 million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 34.0% from 2024 to 2031. Market Dynamics of Graph Analytics Market

Key Drivers for Graph Analytics Market

Increasing Recognition of the Advantages of Graph Databases- One of the main reasons for the Graph Analytics market is the increasing recognition of the advantages of graph databases. Unlike traditional relational databases, graph databases excel at handling complex relationships and interconnected data, making them ideal for use cases such as fraud detection, recommendation engines, and social network analysis. Businesses are leveraging these capabilities to uncover insights and patterns that were previously difficult to detect. The rise of big data and the need for real-time analytics are further driving the adoption of graph databases, as they offer enhanced performance and scalability for large-scale data sets. Additionally, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning are amplifying the value of graph databases, enabling more sophisticated data modeling and predictive analytics.
Growing Uptake of Big Data Tools to Drive the Graph Analytics Market's Expansion in the Years Ahead.

Key Restraints for Graph Analytics Market

Limited Awareness and Understanding pose a serious threat to the Graph Analytics industry.
The market also faces significant difficulties related to data security and privacy.

Introduction of the Graph Analytics Market

The Graph Analytics Market is rapidly expanding, driven by the growing need for advanced data analysis techniques in various sectors. Graph analytics leverages graph structures to represent and analyze relationships and dependencies, providing deeper insights than traditional data analysis methods. Key factors propelling this market include the rise of big data, the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and the demand for real-time data processing. Industries such as finance, healthcare, telecommunications, and retail are major contributors, utilizing graph analytics for fraud detection, personalized recommendations, network optimization, and more. Leading vendors are continually innovating to offer scalable, efficient solutions, incorporating advanced features like graph databases and visualization tools.

Graph Analytics Market size was valued at USD 77.1 Million in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 637.1 Million by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 35.1% during the forecast period 2026 to 2032.

Global Graph Analytics Market Drivers The market drivers for the Graph Analytics Market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:

Growing Need for Data Analysis: In order to extract insightful information from the massive amounts of data generated by social media, IoT devices, and corporate transactions, there is a growing need for sophisticated analytics tools like graph analytics.

Growing Uptake of Big Data Tools: Graph analytics solutions are becoming more and more popular due to the spread of big data platforms and technology. Businesses are using these technologies to improve the efficiency of their analysis of intricately linked datasets.

Developments in AI and ML: The capabilities of graph analytics solutions are being improved by advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence. These technologies make it possible for recommendation systems, anomaly detection, and forecasts based on graph data to be more accurate.

Increasing Recognition of the Advantages of Graph Databases: Businesses are realizing the advantages of graph databases for handling and evaluating highly related data. Consequently, there's been a sharp increase in the use of graph analytics tools to leverage the potential of graph databases for diverse applications.

The use of advanced analytics solutions, such as graph analytics, for fraud detection, cybersecurity, and risk management is becoming more and more important as a result of the increase in cyberthreats and fraudulent activity.

Demand for Personalized suggestions: Companies in a variety of sectors are using graph analytics to provide their clients with suggestions that are tailored specifically to them. Personalized recommendations increase consumer engagement and loyalty on social networking, e-commerce, and entertainment platforms.

Analysis of Networks and Social Media is Necessary: In order to comprehend relationships, influence patterns, and community structures, networks and social media data must be analyzed using graph analytics. The capacity to do this is very helpful for security agencies, sociologists, and marketers.

Government programs and Regulations: The need for graph analytics solutions is being driven by regulations pertaining to data security and privacy as well as government programs aimed at encouraging the adoption of data analytics. These tools are being purchased by organizations in order to guarantee compliance and reduce risks.

Emergence of Industry-specific Use Cases: Graph analytics is finding applications in a number of areas, such as healthcare, finance, retail, and transportation. These use cases include supply chain management, customer attrition prediction, and financial fraud detection in addition to patient care optimization.

Technological Developments in Graph Analytics Tools: As graph analytics tools, algorithms, and platforms continue to evolve, their capabilities and performance are being enhanced. Adoption is being fueled by this technological advancement across a variety of industries and use cases.

The Knowledge Graph Visualization Tool market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing need for businesses to effectively manage and interpret complex data relationships. The market, estimated at $2 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated value of $6.5 billion by 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the rising adoption of big data analytics and the proliferation of interconnected data sources necessitate intuitive visualization tools to uncover valuable insights. Secondly, the growing demand for enhanced decision-making across various industries, including finance, healthcare, and technology, is boosting the demand for these tools. Furthermore, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are contributing to more sophisticated and user-friendly visualization capabilities, further accelerating market growth. The market is segmented by application (e.g., business intelligence, data analysis, risk management) and type (e.g., cloud-based, on-premise), with the cloud-based segment anticipated to hold a larger market share due to its scalability and accessibility. Geographic growth is expected across all regions, with North America and Europe currently dominating due to higher technological adoption and mature data analytics ecosystems. However, regions like Asia-Pacific are showing promising growth potential, driven by increasing digitalization and government initiatives promoting data-driven decision-making. While the market presents significant opportunities, challenges remain. High initial investment costs for sophisticated tools and the need for skilled professionals to effectively utilize these technologies can act as restraints. The market is also characterized by intense competition amongst established players and emerging startups, demanding continuous innovation and adaptation. However, the ongoing trend towards data democratization and the increasing awareness of the value of data visualization are poised to significantly mitigate these challenges and drive further market expansion in the coming years. Companies are focusing on developing intuitive interfaces, integrating advanced analytics capabilities, and providing robust support services to attract a wider user base and maintain a competitive edge.

The global big data analytics market size was valued at $307.52 billion in 2023 & is projected to grow from $348.21 billion in 2024 to $961.89 billion by 2032

The global big data market is forecasted to grow to 103 billion U.S. dollars by 2027, more than double its expected market size in 2018. With a share of 45 percent, the software segment would become the large big data market segment by 2027.

What is Big data?

Big data is a term that refers to the kind of data sets that are too large or too complex for traditional data processing applications. It is defined as having one or some of the following characteristics: high volume, high velocity or high variety. Fast-growing mobile data traffic, cloud computing traffic, as well as the rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) all contribute to the increasing volume and complexity of data sets.

Big data analytics

Advanced analytics tools, such as predictive analytics and data mining, help to extract value from the data and generate new business insights. The global big data and business analytics market was valued at 169 billion U.S. dollars in 2018 and is expected to grow to 274 billion U.S. dollars in 2022. As of November 2018, 45 percent of professionals in the market research industry reportedly used big data analytics as a research method.

The Data Visualization Libraries Software market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing need for businesses to effectively analyze and present complex data. The market, estimated at $2 billion in 2025, is projected to exhibit a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15% from 2025 to 2033, reaching approximately $6 billion by 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. The rise of big data and the subsequent demand for intuitive data interpretation are primary drivers. Businesses across all sectors—from large enterprises leveraging sophisticated analytics to SMEs seeking efficient reporting tools—are increasingly reliant on data visualization libraries to gain actionable insights. Furthermore, the shift towards cloud-based solutions offers scalability, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness, accelerating market adoption. Technological advancements, including the development of interactive dashboards and advanced visualization techniques such as augmented reality and virtual reality integration, are also contributing to market growth. While the on-premises segment continues to hold a significant share, the cloud-based segment is experiencing faster growth due to its flexibility and ease of deployment. Competition within the market is intense, with established players like Syncfusion, Google, and Highsoft AS alongside emerging players like Chart.js and ApexCharts vying for market share through innovation and strategic partnerships. Geographical distribution reveals strong growth in North America and Europe, driven by early adoption and robust digital infrastructure, while Asia-Pacific is emerging as a significant market with high growth potential due to rapid technological advancements and increasing digitization across various sectors. Despite the positive outlook, certain restraints exist. The complexity of some libraries may pose a challenge for users with limited technical expertise. Security concerns related to data handling and integration with existing systems also pose a hurdle for some businesses. Furthermore, the market is subject to fluctuations in technology trends and the emergence of alternative data analysis methods. However, continuous innovation, improved user interfaces, and the increasing availability of training and support resources are expected to mitigate these challenges and further propel market growth in the forecast period. The segmentation of the market by application (large enterprises, SMEs) and type (cloud-based, on-premises) provides a nuanced understanding of market dynamics and allows for targeted strategies by vendors. Future growth is anticipated to be driven by the continued integration of data visualization libraries within business intelligence (BI) tools and the increasing adoption of these libraries in diverse applications such as healthcare, finance, and manufacturing.

The market for Knowledge Graph Visualization Tools is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing need for organizations to effectively manage and interpret complex data relationships. The rising adoption of big data analytics, coupled with the demand for improved data visualization and understanding, is fueling this expansion. While precise market sizing data is unavailable, a reasonable estimate, considering the rapid advancements in AI and data visualization technologies, suggests a 2025 market value in the range of $500 million. This projection considers a CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) of approximately 15% from a 2019 base, factoring in the escalating adoption of these tools across various sectors. Key growth drivers include the need for enhanced decision-making based on interconnected data, improved data literacy within organizations, and the demand for intuitive, easily understood data representations. The market is segmented by application (e.g., business intelligence, research & development, customer relationship management) and type (e.g., cloud-based, on-premise, open-source solutions). North America currently holds a significant market share due to early adoption and technological advancements. However, Asia-Pacific is poised for significant growth in the coming years, driven by increasing digitalization and data generation in regions like China and India. Challenges include the complexity of implementing knowledge graph solutions and the need for skilled professionals to manage and interpret the visualized data. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates continued expansion, with the market likely surpassing $2 billion by 2033, driven by further technological innovations and broader industry adoption. Companies are continuously developing more sophisticated tools, incorporating features like AI-powered insights and integration with other business intelligence platforms. This, combined with a growing awareness of the strategic value of data visualization for competitive advantage, will propel the market's growth trajectory. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of cloud-based solutions will contribute to market expansion, offering flexibility and scalability to organizations of all sizes. Restraints include the high initial investment costs associated with implementing knowledge graph systems and the need for specialized expertise. However, the long-term benefits in terms of improved decision-making and enhanced business efficiency are expected to outweigh these challenges.

The total amount of data created, captured, copied, and consumed globally is forecast to increase rapidly, reaching 149 zettabytes in 2024. Over the next five years up to 2028, global data creation is projected to grow to more than 394 zettabytes. In 2020, the amount of data created and replicated reached a new high. The growth was higher than previously expected, caused by the increased demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as more people worked and learned from home and used home entertainment options more often. Storage capacity also growing Only a small percentage of this newly created data is kept though, as just two percent of the data produced and consumed in 2020 was saved and retained into 2021. In line with the strong growth of the data volume, the installed base of storage capacity is forecast to increase, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 19.2 percent over the forecast period from 2020 to 2025. In 2020, the installed base of storage capacity reached 6.7 zettabytes.

Snapshot img

Data Visualization Tools Market Size 2025-2029

The data visualization tools market size is forecast to increase by USD 7.95 billion at a CAGR of 11.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing demand for business intelligence and AI-powered insights. Companies are recognizing the value of transforming complex data into easily digestible visual representations to inform strategic decision-making. However, this market faces challenges as data complexity and massive data volumes continue to escalate. Organizations must invest in advanced data visualization tools to effectively manage and analyze their data to gain a competitive edge. The ability to automate data visualization processes and integrate AI capabilities will be crucial for companies to overcome the challenges posed by data complexity and volume. By doing so, they can streamline their business operations, enhance data-driven insights, and ultimately drive growth in their respective industries.

What will be the Size of the Data Visualization Tools Market during the forecast period?

Request Free SampleIn today's data-driven business landscape, the market continues to evolve, integrating advanced capabilities to support various sectors in making informed decisions. Data storytelling and preparation are crucial elements, enabling organizations to effectively communicate complex data insights. Real-time data visualization ensures agility, while data security safeguards sensitive information. Data dashboards facilitate data exploration and discovery, offering data-driven finance, strategy, and customer experience. Big data visualization tackles complex datasets, enabling data-driven decision making and innovation. Data blending and filtering streamline data integration and analysis. Data visualization software supports data transformation, cleaning, and aggregation, enhancing data-driven operations and healthcare. On-premises and cloud-based solutions cater to diverse business needs. Data governance, ethics, and literacy are integral components, ensuring data-driven product development, government, and education adhere to best practices. Natural language processing, machine learning, and visual analytics further enrich data-driven insights, enabling interactive charts and data reporting. Data connectivity and data-driven sales fuel business intelligence and marketing, while data discovery and data wrangling simplify data exploration and preparation. The market's continuous dynamism underscores the importance of data culture, data-driven innovation, and data-driven HR, as organizations strive to leverage data to gain a competitive edge.

How is this Data Visualization Tools Industry segmented?

The data visualization tools industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments. DeploymentOn-premisesCloudCustomer TypeLarge enterprisesSMEsComponentSoftwareServicesApplicationHuman resourcesFinanceOthersEnd-userBFSIIT and telecommunicationHealthcareRetailOthersGeographyNorth AmericaUSMexicoEuropeFranceGermanyUKMiddle East and AfricaUAEAPACAustraliaChinaIndiaJapanSouth KoreaSouth AmericaBrazilRest of World (ROW)

By Deployment Insights

The on-premises segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.The market has experienced notable expansion as businesses across diverse sectors acknowledge the significance of data analysis and representation to uncover valuable insights and inform strategic decisions. Data visualization plays a pivotal role in this domain. On-premises deployment, which involves implementing data visualization tools within an organization's physical infrastructure or dedicated data centers, is a popular choice. This approach offers organizations greater control over their data, ensuring data security, privacy, and adherence to data governance policies. It caters to industries dealing with sensitive data, subject to regulatory requirements, or having stringent security protocols that prohibit cloud-based solutions. Data storytelling, data preparation, data-driven product development, data-driven government, real-time data visualization, data security, data dashboards, data-driven finance, data-driven strategy, big data visualization, data-driven decision making, data blending, data filtering, data visualization software, data exploration, data-driven insights, data-driven customer experience, data mapping, data culture, data cleaning, data-driven operations, data aggregation, data transformation, data-driven healthcare, on-premises data visualization, data governance, data ethics, data discovery, natural language processing, data reporting, data visualization platforms, data-driven innovation, data wrangling, data-driven s

The Data Visualization Corpus

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F1430847%2F29f7950c3b7daf11175aab404725542c%2FGettyImages-1187621904-600x360.jpg?generation=1601115151722854&alt=media" alt="">

Data Visualization

Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data. By using visual elements like charts, graphs, and maps, data visualization tools provide an accessible way to see and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in data.

In the world of Big Data, data visualization tools and technologies are essential to analyze massive amounts of information and make data-driven decisions

The Data Visualizaion Copus

The Data Visualization corpus consists:

• 32 cheat sheets: This includes A-Z about the techniques and tricks that can be used for visualization, Python and R visualization cheat sheets, Types of charts, and their significance, Storytelling with data, etc..

• 32 Charts: The corpus also consists of a significant amount of data visualization charts information along with their python code, d3.js codes, and presentations relation to the respective charts explaining in a clear manner!

• Some recommended books for data visualization every data scientist's should read:

  1. Beautiful Visualization by Julie Steele and Noah Iliinsky
  2. Information Dashboard Design by Stephen Few
  3. Knowledge is beautiful by David McCandless (Short abstract)
  4. The Functional Art: An Introduction to Information Graphics and Visualization by Alberto Cairo
  5. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information by Edward R. Tufte
  6. storytelling with data: a data visualization guide for business professionals by cole Nussbaumer knaflic
  7. Research paper - Cheat Sheets for Data Visualization Techniques by Zezhong Wang, Lovisa Sundin, Dave Murray-Rust, Benjamin Bach

Suggestions:

In case, if you find any books, cheat sheets, or charts missing and if you would like to suggest some new documents please let me know in the discussion sections!

Resources:

• Charts: I personally recommend data viz catalogue, it's easy to understand with their explanation!
• Python codes: Plotly for python and Python graph gallery
• R codes for charts:Plotly for R
• d3 codes: Visualization codes using d3

Request to kaggle users:

• A kind request to kaggle users to create notebooks on different visualization charts as per their interest by choosing a dataset of their own as many beginners and other experts could find it useful!

• To create interactive EDA using animation with a combination of data visualization charts to give an idea about how to tackle data and extract the insights from the data

Suggestion and queries:

Feel free to use the discussion platform of this data set to ask questions or any queries related to the data visualization corpus and data visualization techniques

Kindly upvote the dataset if you find it useful or if you wish to appreciate the effort taken to gather this corpus! Thank you and have a great day!

Additional file 1. Clustering results on graphs used in the experiments of various methods.

Chart-to-text is a large-scale benchmark with two datasets and a total of 44,096 charts covering a wide range of topics and chart types.

The accumulated rainfall chart with wide intervals will be updated for download starting from September 15, 2023. Please update before December 31, 2023 as the old links will expire after that. If you need to download a large amount of data, please apply for membership at the Meteorological Data Open Platform https://opendata.cwa.gov.tw/index.

This statistic displays the adoption rates of Big Data analytics in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2015 and 2020. In 2015, the adoption rate amounted to 56 percent across all examined industry. 67 percent of the industries will adopt Big Data analytics in 2020.

Graph Databases Software Market Outlook

The Graph Databases Software market is poised to witness significant growth from 2023, with a market size of approximately USD 2.5 billion, to an impressive forecasted size of USD 8.7 billion by 2032, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.9%. This burgeoning growth can be attributed primarily to the increasing adoption of graph databases across various industries due to their capability to efficiently manage and query complex and interconnected data. As businesses increasingly seek to harness the power of big data and uncover insights from complex relationships, graph databases offer a sophisticated solution that traditional databases cannot match. This has led to heightened investment and innovation in this sector, further propelling market growth.

The expansion of the Graph Databases Software market is being driven by several pivotal growth factors. One of the most significant factors is the escalating demand for advanced database solutions that can facilitate real-time big data analytics and complex data relationship mapping. Industries such as finance, healthcare, and retail are generating massive volumes of data, and the need to derive meaningful insights from these data sets is paramount. Graph databases provide an efficient and scalable way to connect and analyze these data points, thereby driving demand. Moreover, the growing trend of digital transformation across organizations is fostering the adoption of graph databases, as they enable more agile and flexible data management structures that are essential for modern business environments.

Another crucial factor driving the growth of the graph databases market is the increasing integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. These cutting-edge technologies rely heavily on complex and dynamic data relationships, which can be adeptly managed and queried through graph databases. Companies are increasingly implementing AI-driven applications such as recommendation engines, fraud detection systems, and network management solutions, all of which benefit significantly from the capabilities of graph databases. This adoption is further amplified by the growing recognition of the limitations of traditional relational databases in handling interconnected data, pushing more organizations towards graph-based solutions.

Furthermore, the rise of IoT (Internet of Things) and the proliferation of connected devices are contributing substantially to the market's growth. As IoT devices become more prevalent, the need for systems capable of managing and analyzing the vast and complex networks of data generated by these devices is increasing. Graph databases are particularly well-suited for IoT applications due to their ability to efficiently handle data relationships and patterns. This has led to a surge in demand from industries that are leveraging IoT technologies, such as smart cities, automotive, and industrial manufacturing, thus boosting the overall market.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the graph databases market, thanks to the presence of major technology companies and a strong focus on technological innovation. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to exhibit the highest CAGR over the forecast period, driven by rapid industrialization, growing IT expenditure, and increasing adoption of data-driven technologies in emerging economies like China and India. Europe and Latin America are also anticipated to show substantial growth, supported by increasing digitalization initiatives and a growing focus on data security and privacy, which are propelling the adoption of graph databases in these regions.

Component Analysis

The Graph Databases Software market is segmented into software and services, each playing a pivotal role in the market's growth trajectory. The software segment is a significant contributor to the market, driven by the increasing demand for advanced database solutions that offer high performance and scalability. Graph database software solutions are designed to address the challenges associated with managing complex data relationships, providing robust tools for querying and visualizing these connections. As organizations across various industries strive to leverage big data analytics and derive actionable insights, the demand for sophisticated software solutions continues to grow. This trend is expected to bolster the software segment's growth, making it a cornerstone of the market.

On the services front, the segment is witnessing substantial growth due to the increasing need for consulti

CompanyKG is a heterogeneous graph consisting of 1,169,931 nodes and 50,815,503 undirected edges, with each node representing a real-world company and each edge signifying a relationship between the connected pair of companies.

Edges: We model 15 different inter-company relations as undirected edges, each of which corresponds to a unique edge type. These edge types capture various forms of similarity between connected company pairs. Associated with each edge of a certain type, we calculate a real-numbered weight as an approximation of the similarity level of that type. It is important to note that the constructed edges do not represent an exhaustive list of all possible edges due to incomplete information. Consequently, this leads to a sparse and occasionally skewed distribution of edges for individual relation/edge types. Such characteristics pose additional challenges for downstream learning tasks. Please refer to our paper for a detailed definition of edge types and weight calculations.

Nodes: The graph includes all companies connected by edges defined previously. Each node represents a company and is associated with a descriptive text, such as "Klarna is a fintech company that provides support for direct and post-purchase payments ...". To comply with privacy and confidentiality requirements, we encoded the text into numerical embeddings using four different pre-trained text embedding models: mSBERT (multilingual Sentence BERT), ADA2, SimCSE (fine-tuned on the raw company descriptions) and PAUSE.

Evaluation Tasks. The primary goal of CompanyKG is to develop algorithms and models for quantifying the similarity between pairs of companies. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods, we have carefully curated three evaluation tasks:

Similarity Prediction (SP). To assess the accuracy of pairwise company similarity, we constructed the SP evaluation set comprising 3,219 pairs of companies that are labeled either as positive (similar, denoted by "1") or negative (dissimilar, denoted by "0"). Of these pairs, 1,522 are positive and 1,697 are negative.

Competitor Retrieval (CR). Each sample contains one target company and one of its direct competitors. It contains 76 distinct target companies, each of which has 5.3 competitors annotated in average. For a given target company A with N direct competitors in this CR evaluation set, we expect a competent method to retrieve all N competitors when searching for similar companies to A.

Similarity Ranking (SR) is designed to assess the ability of any method to rank candidate companies (numbered 0 and 1) based on their similarity to a query company. Paid human annotators, with backgrounds in engineering, science, and investment, were tasked with determining which candidate company is more similar to the query company. It resulted in an evaluation set comprising 1,856 rigorously labeled ranking questions. We retained 20% (368 samples) of this set as a validation set for model development.

Edge Prediction (EP) evaluates a model's ability to predict future or missing relationships between companies, providing forward-looking insights for investment professionals. The EP dataset, derived (and sampled) from new edges collected between April 6, 2023, and May 25, 2024, includes 40,000 samples, with edges not present in the pre-existing CompanyKG (a snapshot up until April 5, 2023).

Background and Motivation

In the investment industry, it is often essential to identify similar companies for a variety of purposes, such as market/competitor mapping and Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A). Identifying comparable companies is a critical task, as it can inform investment decisions, help identify potential synergies, and reveal areas for growth and improvement. The accurate quantification of inter-company similarity, also referred to as company similarity quantification, is the cornerstone to successfully executing such tasks. However, company similarity quantification is often a challenging and time-consuming process, given the vast amount of data available on each company, and the complex and diversified relationships among them.

While there is no universally agreed definition of company similarity, researchers and practitioners in PE industry have adopted various criteria to measure similarity, typically reflecting the companies' operations and relationships. These criteria can embody one or more dimensions such as industry sectors, employee profiles, keywords/tags, customers' review, financial performance, co-appearance in news, and so on. Investment professionals usually begin with a limited number of companies of interest (a.k.a. seed companies) and require an algorithmic approach to expand their search to a larger list of companies for potential investment.

In recent years, transformer-based Language Models (LMs) have become the preferred method for encoding textual company descriptions into vector-space embeddings. Then companies that are similar to the seed companies can be searched in the embedding space using distance metrics like cosine similarity. The rapid advancements in Large LMs (LLMs), such as GPT-3/4 and LLaMA, have significantly enhanced the performance of general-purpose conversational models. These models, such as ChatGPT, can be employed to answer questions related to similar company discovery and quantification in a Q&A format.

However, graph is still the most natural choice for representing and learning diverse company relations due to its ability to model complex relationships between a large number of entities. By representing companies as nodes and their relationships as edges, we can form a Knowledge Graph (KG). Utilizing this KG allows us to efficiently capture and analyze the network structure of the business landscape. Moreover, KG-based approaches allow us to leverage powerful tools from network science, graph theory, and graph-based machine learning, such as Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), to extract insights and patterns to facilitate similar company analysis. While there are various company datasets (mostly commercial/proprietary and non-relational) and graph datasets available (mostly for single link/node/graph-level predictions), there is a scarcity of datasets and benchmarks that combine both to create a large-scale KG dataset expressing rich pairwise company relations.

Source Code and Tutorial:https://github.com/llcresearch/CompanyKG2

Paper: to be published

This chart highlights the percentage of companies using Big Data data in France in 2015, by sector of activity. It can be seen that in the transport sector, a quarter of the companies surveyed reported using big data, also known as "big data." The concept of big data refers to large volumes of data related to use of a good or a service, for example a social network. Being able to process large volumes of data is a significant business issue, as it allows them to better understand how users behave in a service, making them better able to meet user expectations.

Big Lots reported 10.2K in Employees for its fiscal year ending in December of 2022. Data for Big Lots | BIG - Employees Total Number including historical, tables and charts were last updated by Trading Economics this last June in 2025.

Market Overview and Drivers: The global graph technology market is projected to reach a valuation of USD XXX million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period (2025-2033). The increasing adoption of data-intensive applications, particularly in sectors such as fraud detection, customer analysis, and supply chain management, is driving market growth. Additionally, the proliferation of big data and the need for advanced data management and analysis capabilities further contribute to the market's expansion. Key Trends and Restraints: Growing demand for fraud detection and cybersecurity solutions, coupled with the increasing adoption of cloud-based graph technologies, are major trends shaping the market. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) with graph technology is further enhancing its value proposition. However, challenges related to data privacy and security concerns, as well as a lack of skilled professionals in the field, may restrain market growth.

Centrifugal compressors are widely used in the oil and natural gas industry for gas compression, reinjection, and transportation. Fault diagnosis and identification of centrifugal compressors are crucial. To promptly monitor abnormal changes in compressor data and trace the causes leading to these data anomalies, this paper proposes a security monitoring and root cause tracing method for compressor data anomalies. Additionally, it presents an intelligent system design method for fault tracing in compressors and localization of faults from different sources. This method starts from petrochemical big data and consists of three parts: fault dynamic knowledge graph construction, instrument data sliding fault-tolerant filtering, and the fusion and reasoning of fault dynamic knowledge graph and instrument data variation monitoring. The results show that this method effectively overcomes the problems of false alarms and missed alarms based on fixed threshold alarm methods, and achieves 100% classification of two types of faults: non starting of the drive machine and low oil pressure by constructing a PCA (Principal Component Analysis)—SPE (Square Prediction Error)—CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) classifier. Combined with dynamic knowledge graph and NLP (Natural Language Processing) inference, it achieves good diagnostic results.