RNA expression analysis was performed on the corpus luteum tissue at five time points after prostaglandin F2 alpha treatment of midcycle cows using an Affymetrix Bovine Gene v1 Array. The normalized linear microarray data was uploaded to the NCBI GEO repository (GSE94069). Subsequent statistical analysis determined differentially expressed transcripts ± 1.5-fold change from saline control with P ≤ 0.05. Gene ontology of differentially expressed transcripts was annotated by DAVID and Panther. Physiological characteristics of the study animals are presented in a figure. Bioinformatic analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was curated, compiled, and presented in tables. A dataset comparison with similar microarray analyses was performed and bioinformatics analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, DAVID, Panther, and String of differentially expressed genes from each dataset as well as the differentially expressed genes common to all three datasets were curated, compiled, and presented in tables. Finally, a table comparing four bioinformatics tools' predictions of functions associated with genes common to all three datasets is presented. These data have been further analyzed and interpreted in the companion article "Early transcriptome responses of the bovine mid-cycle corpus luteum to prostaglandin F2 alpha includes cytokine signaling". Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Supporting information as Excel spreadsheets and tables. File Name: Web Page, url: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340917304031?via=ihub#s0070

Bioinformatics Services Market will grow from USD 4,399.58 Million to USD 16,297.10 Million by 2034, showing an impressive CAGR of 15.7%.

Ameloblastoma is a highly aggressive odontogenic tumor, and its pathogenesis is associated with multiple participating genes. Objective: Our aim was to identify and validate new critical genes of conventional ameloblastoma using microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Gene expression microarray and bioinformatic analysis were performed to use CHIP H10KA and DAVID software for enrichment. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) were visualized using STRING-Cytoscape with MCODE plugin, followed by Kaplan-Meier and GEPIA analysis that were employed for the candidate's postulation. RT-qPCR and IHC assays were performed to validate the bioinformatic approach. Results: 376 upregulated genes were identified. PPI analysis revealed 14 genes that were validated by Kaplan-Meier and GEPIA resulting in PDGFA and IL2RA as candidate genes. The RT-qPCR analysis confirmed their intense expression. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that PDGFA expression is parenchyma located. Conclusion: With bioinformatics methods, we can identify upregulated genes in conventional ameloblastoma, and with RT-qPCR and immunoexpression analysis validate that PDGFA could be a more specific and localized therapeutic target.

DAVID analysis and DEG from the meta-analysis

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Bioinformatics Market Size 2025-2029

The bioinformatics market size is valued to increase by USD 15.98 billion, at a CAGR of 17.4% from 2024 to 2029. Reduction in cost of genetic sequencing will drive the bioinformatics market.

Market Insights

North America dominated the market and accounted for a 43% growth during the 2025-2029.
By Application - Molecular phylogenetics segment was valued at USD 4.48 billion in 2023
By Product - Platforms segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 309.88 million 
Market Future Opportunities 2024: USD 15978.00 million
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 17.4%

Market Summary

The market is a dynamic and evolving field that plays a pivotal role in advancing scientific research and innovation in various industries, including healthcare, agriculture, and academia. One of the primary drivers of this market's growth is the rapid reduction in the cost of genetic sequencing, making it increasingly accessible to researchers and organizations worldwide. This affordability has led to an influx of large-scale genomic data, necessitating the development of sophisticated bioinformatics tools for Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) data analysis. Another significant trend in the market is the shortage of trained laboratory professionals capable of handling and interpreting complex genomic data. This skills gap creates a demand for user-friendly bioinformatics software and services that can streamline data analysis and interpretation, enabling researchers to focus on scientific discovery rather than data processing. For instance, a leading pharmaceutical company could leverage bioinformatics tools to optimize its drug discovery pipeline by analyzing large genomic datasets to identify potential drug targets and predict their efficacy. By integrating these tools into its workflow, the company can reduce the time and cost associated with traditional drug discovery methods, ultimately bringing new therapies to market more efficiently. Despite its numerous benefits, the market faces challenges such as data security and privacy concerns, data standardization, and the need for interoperability between different software platforms. Addressing these challenges will require collaboration between industry stakeholders, regulatory bodies, and academic institutions to establish best practices and develop standardized protocols for data sharing and analysis.

What will be the size of the Bioinformatics Market during the forecast period?

Get Key Insights on Market Forecast (PDF) Request Free SampleBioinformatics, a dynamic and evolving market, is witnessing significant growth as businesses increasingly rely on high-performance computing, gene annotation, and bioinformatics software to decipher regulatory elements, gene expression regulation, and genomic variation. Machine learning algorithms, phylogenetic trees, and ontology development are integral tools for disease modeling and protein interactions. cloud computing platforms facilitate the storage and analysis of vast biological databases and sequence datas, enabling data mining techniques and statistical modeling for sequence assembly and drug discovery pipelines. Proteomic analysis, protein folding, and computational biology are crucial components of this domain, with biomedical ontologies and data integration platforms enhancing research efficiency. The integration of gene annotation and machine learning algorithms, for instance, has led to a 25% increase in accurate disease diagnosis within leading healthcare organizations. This trend underscores the importance of investing in advanced bioinformatics solutions for improved regulatory compliance, budgeting, and product strategy.

Unpacking the Bioinformatics Market Landscape

Bioinformatics, an essential discipline at the intersection of biology and computer science, continues to revolutionize the scientific landscape. Evolutionary bioinformatics, with its molecular dynamics simulation and systems biology approaches, enables a deeper understanding of biological processes, leading to improved ROI in research and development. For instance, next-generation sequencing technologies have reduced sequencing costs by a factor of ten, enabling genome-wide association studies and transcriptome sequencing on a previously unimaginable scale. In clinical bioinformatics, homology modeling techniques and protein-protein interaction analysis facilitate drug target identification, enhancing compliance with regulatory requirements. Phylogenetic analysis tools and comparative genomics studies contribute to the discovery of novel biomarkers and the development of personalized treatments. Bioimage informatics and proteomic data integration employ advanced sequence alignment algorithms and functional genomics tools to unlock new insights from complex

gedepir is an R package that simplifies the use of deconvolution tools within a complete transcriptomics analysis pipeline. It simplify the definition of a end-to-end analysis pipeline with a set of base functions that are connected through the pipes syntax used in magrittr, tidyr or dplyrR packages

The horizontal transfer of mobile gene elements between bacteria plays a crucial role in their evolutionary dynamics. Additionally, it enables the accumulation and dissemination of genes conferring antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance, and thus contributes to the worldwide emergence and spread of drug-resistance pathogens. This process is instrumental in maintaining genetic diversity within bacterial populations and facilitates their adaptation to novel environments. It allows bacteria to acquire genes responsible for the synthesis of enzymes that utilize alternative energy sources and substrates. Furthermore, bacteria can acquire genes associated with toxin production and increased virulence. Horizontal gene transfer serves as a pivotal mechanism in bacterial evolution, enabling the acquisition of novel genetic information and enhancing their capabilities. However, the proper detection and identification of horizontally transferred genes at the microbiome scale is challenging, whether using wet-lab experiments or bioinformatics approaches. In the paper, we summarize current bioinformatics tools for detecting Horizontal Gene Transfer and present the results of our bioinformatic analysis on a collection of genomes originating from chicken gut microbiota.

Pecan scab, caused by the fungal pathogen Venturia effusa, is the most devastating disease of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) in the southeastern United States. Resistance to this pathogen is determined by a complex interaction between host genetics and disease pathotype with even field-susceptible cultivars being resistant to most scab isolates. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of scab resistance in pecan, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the pecan cultivar, ‘Desirable’, in response to inoculation with a pathogenic and a non-pathogenic scab isolate at three different time points (24, 48, and 96 hrs. post-inoculation). Differential gene expression and gene ontology enrichment analyses showed contrasting gene expression patterns and pathway enrichment in response to the contrasting isolates with varying pathogenicity. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed genes detected 11 gene modules. Among them, two modules had significant enrichment of genes involved with defense responses. These genes were particularly upregulated in the resistant reaction at the early stage of fungal infection (24 h) compared to the susceptible reaction. Hub genes in these modules were predominantly related to receptor-like protein kinase activity, signal reception, signal transduction, biosynthesis and transport of plant secondary metabolites, and oxidoreductase activity. Results of this study suggest that the early response of pathogen-related signal transduction and development of cellular barriers against the invading fungus are likely defense mechanisms employed by pecan cultivars against non-virulent scab isolates. The transcriptomic data generated here provide the foundation for identifying candidate resistance genes in pecan against V. effusa and for exploring the molecular mechanisms of disease resistance.

Additional file 1: Supplemental File 1, Orthology predictions of differentially expressed genes.

BackgroundDiabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prominent global health challenges, each imposing significant burdens on affected individuals, healthcare systems, and society. However, the specific molecular mechanisms supporting their interrelationship have not been fully defined.MethodsWe identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of COPD and diabetes from multi-center patient cohorts, respectively. Through cross-analysis, we identified the shared DEGs of COPD and diabetes, and investigated alterations of signaling pathways using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). By using weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), key gene modules for COPD and diabetes were identified, and various machine learning algorithms were employed to identify shared biomarkers. Using xCell, we investigated the relationship between shared biomarkers and immune infiltration in diabetes and COPD. Single-cell sequencing, clinical samples, and animal models were used to confirm the robustness of shared biomarkers.ResultsCross-analysis identified 186 shared DEGs between diabetes and COPD patients. Functional enrichment results demonstrate that metabolic and immune-related pathways are common features altered in both diabetes and COPD patients. WGCNA identified 526 genes from key gene modules in COPD and diabetes. Multiple machine learning algorithms identified 4 shared biomarkers for COPD and diabetes, including CADPS, EDNRB, THBS4 and TMEM27. Finally, the 4 shared biomarkers were validated in single-cell sequencing data, clinical samples, and animal models, and their expression changes were consistent with the results of bioinformatic analysis.ConclusionsThrough comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we revealed the potential connection between diabetes and COPD, providing a theoretical basis for exploring the common regulatory genes.

In the current study we examined several proteomic- and RNA-Seq-based datasets of cardiac-enriched, cell-surface and membrane-associated proteins in human fetal and mouse neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes. By integrating available microarray and tissue expression profiles along with MGI phenotypic analysis, we identified 173 membrane-associated proteins that are cardiac-enriched, conserved amongst eukaryotic species, and have not yet been linked to a ‘cardiac’ Phenotype-Ontology. To highlight the utility of this dataset, we selected several proteins to investigate more carefully, including FAM162A, MCT1, and COX20, to show cardiac enrichment, subcellular distribution and expression patterns in disease. Three-dimensional imaging was used to validate subcellular localization and expression in adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes. FAM162A, MCT1, and COX20 were differentially expressed at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels in multiple models of mouse and human heart diseases and may represent potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for human dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies. Altogether, we believe this comprehensive cardiomyocyte membrane proteome dataset will prove instrumental to future investigations aimed at characterizing heart disease markers and/or therapeutic targets for heart failure.

AimsIntegrating bioinformatics and experimental validation to explore the mechanisms of inflammaging in the Brain.MethodAfter dividing the GSE11882 dataset into aged and young groups, we identified co-expressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different brain regions. Enrichment analysis revealed that the co-expressed DEGs were mainly associated with inflammatory responses. Subsequently, we identified 12 DEGs that were related to the inflammatory response and used the DGIdb website for drug prediction. By using both the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF), four biomarkers were screened and an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed for diagnosis. Subsequently, the biomarkers were validated through animal studies. Then we utilized AgeAnno to investigate the roles of biomarkers at the single cell level. Next, a consensus clustering approach was used to classify the aging samples and perform differential analysis to identify inflammatory response-related genes. After conducting a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified the genes that are correlated with both four brain regions and aging. Wayne diagrams were used to identify seven inflammaging-related genes in different brain regions. Finally, we performed immuno-infiltration analysis and identified macrophage module genes.Key findingsInflammaging may be a major mechanism of brain aging, and the regulation of macrophages by CX3CL1 may play a role in the development of inflammaging.SignificanceIn summary, targeting CX3CL1 can potentially delay inflammaging and immunosenescence in the brain.

Bioinformatic analysis of AcuK and AcuM DNA binding motif (CCGN7CCG) in T. marneffei genome and their associated functions.

The common limpet, Patella vulgata, has been shown to produce the strongest known biological material. The teeth of the radula, a tongue-like organ used to scrape algae off rocky surfaces, have a tensile strength greater than spider silk and comparable to man-made carbon fibres. Here, we generate a complete transcriptome resource for the common limpet from three main tissues; the main muscle of the foot of the limpet, the radula Formation Zone, and the radula itself (subdivided into 4 segments supporting distinct stages of tooth development). We generated 871,497,501 paired-end reads and assembled into a transcriptome of 464,975 transcripts with an N50 score of 994 bp and an Ex90N50 score of 1,553 bp. Analysis of transcriptome completeness identified presence of 97.6 % of metazoan universal single copy orthologs. The filtered Patella vulgata transcriptome consists of 36,806 high-confidence transcripts representing 16,100 genes. This resource represents a profile of the transcriptome of the radula, and in particular the unique transcripts involved with the unique developmental stages of the limpet tooth formation.

Long-term immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires the identification of T-cell epitopes affecting host immunogenicity. In this computational study, we explored the CD8+ epitope diversity estimated in 27 of the most common HLA-A and HLA-B alleles, representing most of the United States population. Analysis of 16 SARS-CoV-2 variants [B.1, Alpha (B.1.1.7), five Delta (AY.100, AY.25, AY.3, AY.3.1, AY.44), and nine Omicron (BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, XBB.1.5)] in analyzed MHC class I alleles revealed that SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ epitope conservation was estimated at 87.6%–96.5% in spike (S), 92.5%–99.6% in membrane (M), and 94.6%–99% in nucleocapsid (N). As the virus mutated, an increasing proportion of S epitopes experienced reduced predicted binding affinity: 70% of Omicron BQ.1-XBB.1.5 S epitopes experienced decreased predicted binding, as compared with ~3% and ~15% in the earlier strains Delta AY.100–AY.44 and Omicron BA.1–BA.5, respectively. Additionally, we identified several novel candidate HLA alleles that may be more susceptible to severe disease, notably HLA-A*32:01, HLA-A*26:01, and HLA-B*53:01, and relatively protected from disease, such as HLA-A*31:01, HLA-B*40:01, HLA-B*44:03, and HLA-B*57:01. Our findings support the hypothesis that viral genetic variation affecting CD8 T-cell epitope immunogenicity contributes to determining the clinical severity of acute COVID-19. Achieving long-term COVID-19 immunity will require an understanding of the relationship between T cells, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and host MHC class I genetics. This project is one of the first to explore the SARS-CoV-2 CD8+ epitope diversity that putatively impacts much of the United States population.

QIIME2 .qzv file containing taxonomic barplots per sample.

QIIME2 .qzv file of taxonomic barplots collapsed per sample type.

Overview This item contains references and test datasets for the Cactus pipeline. Cactus (Chromatin ACcessibility and Transcriptomics Unification Software) is an mRNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq analysis pipeline that aims to provide advanced molecular insights on the conditions under study.

Test datasets The test datasets contain all data needed to run Cactus in each of the 4 supported organisms. This include ATAC-Seq and mRNA-Seq data (.fastq.gz), parameter files (.yml) and design files (*.tsv). They were were created for each species by downloading publicly available datasets with fetchngs (Ewels et al., 2020) and subsampling reads to the minimum required to have enough DAS (Differential Analysis Subsets) for enrichment analysis. Datasets downloaded: - Worm and Humans: GSE98758 - Fly: GSE149339 - Mouse: GSE193393

References One of the goals of Cactus is to make the analysis as simple and fast as possible for the user while providing detailed insights on molecular mechanisms. This is achieved by parsing all needed references for the 4 ENCODE (Dunham et al., 2012; Stamatoyannopoulos et al., 2012; Luo et al., 2020) and modENCODE (THE MODENCODE CONSORTIUM et al., 2010; Gerstein et al., 2010) organisms (human, M. musculus, D. melanogaster and C. elegans). This parsing step was done with a Nextflow pipeline with most tools encapsulated within containers for improved efficiency and reproducibility and to allow the creation of customized references. Genomic sequences and annotations were downloaded from Ensembl (Cunningham et al., 2022). The ENCODE API (Luo et al., 2020) was used to download the CHIP-Seq profiles of 2,714 Transcription Factors (TFs) (Landt et al., 2012; Boyle et al., 2014) and chromatin states in the form of 899 ChromHMM profiles (Boix et al., 2021; van der Velde et al., 2021) and 6 HiHMM profiles (Ho et al., 2014). Slim annotations (cell, organ, development, and system) were parsed and used to create groups of CHIP-Seq profiles that share the same annotations, allowing users to analyze only CHIP-Seq profiles relevant to their study. 2,779 TF motifs were obtained from the Cis-BP database (Lambert et al., 2019). GO terms and KEGG pathways were obtained via the R packages AnnotationHub (Morgan and Shepherd, 2021) and clusterProfiler (Yu et al., 2012; Wu et al., 2021), respectively.

Documentation More information on how to use Cactus and how references and test datasets were created is available on the documentation website: https://github.com/jsalignon/cactus.

Genomic start and stop coordinates of structural module encoding genes are derived from GenBank accession number NC_002747. The percentage similarity of TP901-1 protein sequences to solved protein structures using HHpred, including the source of the homologue, is shown. Several TP901-1 proteins had no significant homologue (n.s.h.) detected.Bioinformatic analysis of TP901-1’s predicted structural-encoding proteins.

Supplementary Material 6: Supplementary Table 5 STRING mapping.