The number of maternal deaths and maternal mortality rates for selected causes, 2000 to most recent year.

Number of live births and fetal deaths (stillbirths), by type of birth (single or multiple), 1991 to most recent year.

The number of deaths per 1,000 inhabitants in Canada amounted to *** in 2023. Between 1960 and 2023, the death rate rose by ***, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.

In 2023, the infant mortality rate in deaths per 1,000 live births in Canada stood at 4.4. Between 1960 and 2023, the figure dropped by 23.4, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Female: per 1000 Live Births data was reported at 4.700 Ratio in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.700 Ratio for 2022. Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Female: per 1000 Live Births data is updated yearly, averaging 7.000 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.600 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 4.700 Ratio in 2023. Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Female: per 1000 Live Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Under-five mortality rate, female is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn female baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to female age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.;Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.;Weighted average;Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys. Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. This is a sex-disaggregated indicator for Sustainable Development Goal 3.2.1 [https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

Number of infant deaths and infant mortality rates, by age group (neonatal and post-neonatal), 1991 to most recent year.

Canada CA: Maternal Mortality Ratio: Modeled Estimate: per 100,000 Live Births data was reported at 12.000 Ratio in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15.000 Ratio for 2022. Canada CA: Maternal Mortality Ratio: Modeled Estimate: per 100,000 Live Births data is updated yearly, averaging 10.000 Ratio from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2023, with 39 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.000 Ratio in 2020 and a record low of 7.000 Ratio in 1990. Canada CA: Maternal Mortality Ratio: Modeled Estimate: per 100,000 Live Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy termination per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on the proportion of maternal deaths among non-AIDS deaths in women ages 15-49, fertility, birth attendants, and GDP measured using purchasing power parities (PPPs).;WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and UNDESA/Population Division. Trends in maternal mortality estimates 2000 to 2023. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2025;Weighted average;This indicator represents the risk associated with each pregnancy and is also a Sustainable Development Goal Indicator (3.1.1) for monitoring maternal health.

The child mortality rate in Canada, for children under the age of five, was 333 deaths per thousand births in the year 1830. This means that one third of all children born in 1830 did not make it to their fifth birthday. Child mortality remained above 25 percent for the remainder of the nineteenth century, before falling at a much faster rate throughout the 1900s. By the year 2020, Canada's child mortality rate is expected to be just five deaths per thousand births.

The infant mortality rate in Canada, for children under the age of one year old, was 187 deaths per thousand births in 1900. This means that for all babies born in 1865, almost one fifth did not survive past their first birthday. Over the course of the next 120 years, this number has dropped significantly. The rate dropped to its lowest point ever in the 2000s, at five deaths per thousand births.

Number of infant deaths and infant mortality rate, by birth weight and sex.

Numbers of live births, number of infant deaths and infant mortality rate, by sex, for Canada and Inuit regions.

Components of population growth, annual: births, deaths, immigrants, emigrants, returning emigrants, net temporary emigrants, net interprovincial migration, net non-permanent residents, residual deviation.

Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Infant: per 1000 Live Births data was reported at 4.400 Ratio in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.500 Ratio for 2022. Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Infant: per 1000 Live Births data is updated yearly, averaging 6.500 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.800 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 4.400 Ratio in 2023. Canada CA: Mortality Rate: Infant: per 1000 Live Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.;Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.;Weighted average;Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys. Aggregate data for LIC, UMC, LMC, HIC are computed based on the groupings for the World Bank fiscal year in which the data was released by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation.

UNICEF's country profile for Canada, including under-five mortality rates, child health, education and sanitation data.

Footnotes: 1 Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Birth, Death and Stillbirth Databases. The table 13-10-0110-01 is an update of table 13-10-0408-01. 2 Infant mortality corresponds to the death of a child under one year of age. Expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births. 3 Perinatal deaths include late fetal deaths (stillbirths with a gestational age of 28 weeks or more) and early neonatal deaths (deaths of infants aged less than one week). 4 Numbers and rates in this table may differ from those found in similar data published by the Vital Statistics program as the data here have been tabulated based on postal codes available for place of residence. 5 2017 data for Yukon are not available. 6 The number of births, stillbirths, and deaths in Ontario for 2016 and 2017 are considered preliminary. 7 Due to improvements in methodology and timeliness, the duration of data collection has been shortened compared to previous years. As a result, there may have been fewer births and stillbirths captured by the time of the release. The 2017 data are therefore considered preliminary. 8 A census metropolitan area (CMA) is an area consisting of one or more adjacent municipalities situated around a major urban core. To form a census metropolitan area, the urban core must have a population of at least 100,000. The CMAs are those defined for the 2016 Census. To form a census agglomeration, the urban core must have a population of at least 10,000. 9 The metropolitan influenced zone (MIZ) classification is an approach to better differentiate areas of Canada outside of census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations. Census subdivisions that lie outside these areas are classified into one of four zones of influence. They are assigned to categories based on the flow of residents travelling to work in an urban area with a population greater than 10,000. Municipalities where more that 30% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the strong MIZ category. Municipalities where between 5% and 30% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the moderate MIZ category. Municipalities where between 0% and 5% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the weak MIZ category. Municipalities where fewer than 40 or none of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the zero MIZ category. 10 Geographical areas are modified every 5 years to reflect the most recent census definitions, therefore, data are not strictly comparable historically. 11 Counts and rates in this table are based on three consecutive years of data. 12 The 95% confidence interval (CI) illustrates the degree of variability associated with a rate. 13 Wide confidence intervals (CIs) indicate high variability, thus, these rates should be interpreted and compared with due caution. 14 The following standard symbols are used in this Statistics Canada table: (..) for figures not available for a specific reference period, (...) for figures not applicable and (x) for figures suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. 15 The figures shown in the tables have been subjected to a confidentiality procedure known as controlled rounding to prevent the possibility of associating statistical data with any identifiable individual. Under this method, all figures, including totals and margins, are rounded either up or down to a multiple of 5. Controlled rounding has the advantage over other types of rounding of producing additive tables as well as offering more protection.

Canada CA: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data was reported at 8.100 Ratio in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.600 Ratio for 2022. Canada CA: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 7.200 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.600 Ratio in 2022 and a record low of 6.900 Ratio in 1992. Canada CA: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.;(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (4) United Nations Statistics Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years).;Weighted average;

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows six condensed maps of different demographic statistics. The six measures are: birth rates per 1000 population, death rates per 1000 population, natural increase rates per 1000 population, marriage rates per 1000 population, infant mortality rates per 1000 live births, and number of children at home per family. The data for the maps on this plate were derived from the 1951 Census of Canada. It should be noted that birth rates, death rates and infant mortality rates are exclusive of stillborn births and that infant mortality rates are for infant mortalities under one year of age. The map entitled Children at Home pertains to unmarried sons and daughters, including stepchildren, adopted children, guardianship children and wards 24 years of age and under, living with their parents or guardians.

This statistic shows the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1,000 live births in Canada in 2012. There were 21.4 infant deaths per 1,000 live births in Nunavut in 2012.

Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births) in Canada was reported at 3.4 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Canada - Mortality rate; neonatal (per 1;000 live births) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Data records showing births and deaths for Alberta (beginning in 1971) and for Alberta and 19 Census Divisions and 8 Economic Regions (beginning in 1996). Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division. Estimates based on the 2011 Standard Geographical Classification (SGC). Note: Births and deaths which occurred to Alberta residents and are registered in Canada.