Over the past 30 years, the birth rate in the United States has been steadily declining, and in 2023, there were 10.7 births per 1,000 of the population. In 1990, this figure stood at 16.7 births per 1,000 of the population. Demographics have an impact The average birth rate in the U.S. may be falling, but when broken down along ethnic and economic lines, a different picture is painted: Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander women saw the highest birth rate in 2022 among all ethnicities, and Asian women and white women both saw the lowest birth rate. Additionally, the higher the family income, the lower the birth rate; families making between 15,000 and 24,999 U.S. dollars annually had the highest birth rate of any income bracket in the States. Life expectancy at birth In addition to the declining birth rate in the U.S., the total life expectancy at birth has also reached its lowest value recently. Studies have shown that the life expectancy of both men and women in the United States has been declining over the last few years. Declines in life expectancy, like declines in birth rates, may indicate that there are social and economic factors negatively influencing the overall population health and well-being of the country.

Crude birth rates, age-specific fertility rates and total fertility rates (live births), 2000 to most recent year.

In France, the crude birth rate in 1800 was 29.4 live births per thousand people, meaning that 2.9 percent of the population had been born in that year. In the first half of the nineteenth century France's crude birth rate dropped from it's highest recorded level of 29.4 in 1800, to 21.9 by 1850. In the second half of the 1800s the crude birth rate rose again, to 25.5 in 1875, as the Second Republic and Second Empire were established, which was a time of economic prosperity and the modernization of the country. From then until 1910 there was a gradual decline, until the First World War caused a huge decline, resulting in a record low crude birth rate of 13.3 by 1920 (the figures for individual years fell even lower than this). The figure then bounced back in the early 1920s, before then falling again until the Second World War. After the war, France experienced a baby boom, where the crude birth rate reached 22.2, before it dropped again until the 1980s, and since then it has declined slowly. The crude birth rate of France is expected to reach a new, record low of 11.2 in 2020.

20.0 (Births per 1'000 Population) in 2010. Total country and regional values are calculated as live births according to the development of new correction factors (methodology explained in Appendix B of Vital Statistics Yearbook 2009). For the calculation of these rates estimated population as of June 30 of the current year is used according to the current Administrative Policy Division and considering the INE population estimates and projections, based on the 2002 Census. 2010: provisional figures.

14,4 (Births per 1'000 Population) in 2010. Total country and regional values are calculated as live births according to the development of new correction factors (methodology explained in Appendix B of Vital Statistics Yearbook 2009). For the calculation of these rates estimated population as of June 30 of the current year is used according to the current Administrative Policy Division and considering the INE population estimates and projections, based on the 2002 Census. 2010: provisional figures.

15,7 (Births per 1'000 Population) в 2010. Total country and regional values are calculated as live births according to the development of new correction factors (methodology explained in Appendix B of Vital Statistics Yearbook 2009). For the calculation of these rates estimated population as of June 30 of the current year is used according to the current Administrative Policy Division and considering the INE population estimates and projections, based on the 2002 Census. 2010: provisional figures.

In 2021, the birth rate in the United States was highest in families that had under 10,000 U.S. dollars in income per year, at 62.75 births per 1,000 women. As the income scale increases, the birth rate decreases, with families making 200,000 U.S. dollars or more per year having the second-lowest birth rate, at 47.57 births per 1,000 women. Income and the birth rate Income and high birth rates are strongly linked, not just in the United States, but around the world. Women in lower income brackets tend to have higher birth rates across the board. There are many factors at play in birth rates, such as the education level of the mother, ethnicity of the mother, and even where someone lives. The fertility rate in the United States The fertility rate in the United States has declined in recent years, and it seems that more and more women are waiting longer to begin having children. Studies have shown that the average age of the mother at the birth of their first child in the United States was 27.4 years old, although this figure varies for different ethnic origins.

While the standard image of the nuclear family with two parents and 2.5 children has persisted in the American imagination, the number of births in the U.S. has steadily been decreasing since 1990, with about 3.67 million babies born in 2022. In 1990, this figure was 4.16 million. Birth and replacement rates A country’s birth rate is defined as the number of live births per 1,000 inhabitants, and it is this particularly important number that has been decreasing over the past few decades. The declining birth rate is not solely an American problem, with EU member states showing comparable rates to the U.S. Additionally, each country has what is called a “replacement rate.” The replacement rate is the rate of fertility needed to keep a population stable when compared with the death rate. In the U.S., the fertility rate needed to keep the population stable is around 2.1 children per woman, but this figure was at 1.67 in 2022. Falling birth rates Currently, there is much discussion as to what exactly is causing the birth rate to decrease in the United States. There seem to be several factors in play, including longer life expectancies, financial concerns (such as the economic crisis of 2008), and an increased focus on careers, all of which are causing people to wait longer to start a family. How international governments will handle falling populations remains to be seen, but what is clear is that the declining birth rate is a multifaceted problem without an easy solution.

1,52 (Children per woman) in 2019. Total fertility rate shows potential amount of children that one woman would bear during whole childbearing period (15-50 years) if birth rate for each age remained unchanged on the level of the year, for which indicator is calculated. The value of indicator does not depend on age structure of population and shows average birth rate at given calendar period. Total fertility rate is calculated as the sum of age-specific (15-49 years) fertility rates.

13,8 (Births per 1'000 Population) in 2010. Total country and regional values are calculated as live births according to the development of new correction factors (methodology explained in Appendix B of Vital Statistics Yearbook 2009). For the calculation of these rates estimated population as of June 30 of the current year is used according to the current Administrative Policy Division and considering the INE population estimates and projections, based on the 2002 Census. 2010: provisional figures.

Number of births per 1,000 women. Note:Teenage birth rates are calculated using the Australian female Estimated Resident Population (ERP) aged 15–19 as the denominator.

1,53 (Children per woman) in 2019. The total fertility rate in a specific year is defined as the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and give birth to children in alignment with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates. The value of indicator does not depend on age structure of population and shows average birth rate at given period. Total fertility rate is calculated as the sum of age-specific (15-49 years) fertility rates.

Fertility rate of Sakha, Republic of (Yakutia) dipped by 1.62% from 1.85 children per woman in 2018 to 1.82 children per woman in 2019. Since the 3.69% rise in 2014, fertility rate sank by 19.11% in 2019. Total fertility rate shows potential amount of children that one woman would bear during whole childbearing period (15-50 years) if birth rate for each age remained unchanged on the level of the year, for which indicator is calculated. The value of indicator does not depend on age structure of population and shows average birth rate at given calendar period. Total fertility rate is calculated as the sum of age-specific (15-49 years) fertility rates.

1,21 (Children per woman) in 2019. The total fertility rate in a specific year is defined as the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and give birth to children in alignment with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates. The value of indicator does not depend on age structure of population and shows average birth rate at given period. Total fertility rate is calculated as the sum of age-specific (15-49 years) fertility rates.

This dataset contains California’s adolescent birth rate (ABR) by county, age group and race/ethnicity using aggregated years 2014-2016. The ABR is calculated as the number of live births to females aged 15-19 divided by the female population aged 15-19, multiplied by 1,000. Births to females under age 15 are uncommon and thus added to the numerator (total number of births aged 15-19) in calculating the ABR for aged 15-19. The categories by age group are aged 18-19 and aged 15-17; births occurring to females under aged 15 are added to the numerator for aged 15-17 in calculating the ABR for this age group. The race and ethnic groups in this table utilized five mutually exclusive race and ethnicity categories. These categories are Hispanic and the following Non-Hispanic categories of Multi-Race, Black, American Indian (includes Eskimo and Aleut), Asian and Pacific Islander (includes Hawaiian) combined, and White. Note that there are birth records with missing race/ethnicity or categorized as “Other” and not shown in the dataset but included in the ABR calculation overall.

This SAS macro generates childhood mortality estimates (neonatal, post-neonatal, infant (1q0), child (4q1) and under-five (5q0) mortality) and standard errors based on birth histories reported by women during a household survey. We have made the SAS macro flexible enough to accommodate a range of calculation specifications including multi-stage sampling frames, and simple random samples or censuses. Childhood mortality rates are the component death probabilities of dying before a specific age. This SAS macro is based on a macro built by Keith Purvis at MeasureDHS. His method is described in Estimating Sampling Errors of Means, Total Fertility, and Childhood Mortality Rates Using SAS (www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/OD17/OD17.pdf, section 4). More information about Childhood Mortality Estimation can also be found in the Guide to DHS Statistics (www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/DHSG1/Guide_DHS_Statistics.pdf, page 93). We allow the user to specify whether childhood mortality calculations should be based on 5 or 10 years of birth histories, when the birth history window ends, and how to handle age of death with it is reported in whole months (rather than days). The user can also calculate mortality rates within sub-populations, and take account of a complex survey design (unequal probability and cluster samples). Finally, this SAS program is designed to read data in a number of different formats.

1,80 (Children per woman) in 2019. The total fertility rate in a specific year is defined as the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and give birth to children in alignment with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates. The value of indicator does not depend on age structure of population and shows average birth rate at given period. Total fertility rate is calculated as the sum of age-specific (15-49 years) fertility rates.

This dataset presents the estimated number of live births in each country for the most recent reference year, based on the 2024 revision of the UN Population Division’s World Population Prospects. Live birth estimates are a key demographic indicator, used for planning health services, calculating health coverage indicators, and understanding population growth trends. These figures support maternal and newborn health monitoring and workforce planning at national and global levels.Data Source:UN Population Division World Population Prospects: https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/StandardData Dictionary: The data is collated with the following columns:Column headingContent of this columnPossible valuesRefNumerical counter for each row of data, for ease of identification1+CountryShort name for the country195 countries in total – all 194 WHO member states plus PalestineISO3Three-digit alphabetical codes International Standard ISO 3166-1 assigned by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). e.g. AFG (Afghanistan)ISO22 letter identifier code for the countrye.g. AF (Afghanistan)ICM_regionICM Region for countryAFR (Africa), AMR (Americas), EMR (Eastern Mediterranean), EUR (Europe), SEAR (South east Asia) or WPR (Western Pacific)CodeUnique project code for each indicator:GGTXXnnnGG=data group e.g. OU for outcomeT = N for novice or E for ExpertXX = identifier number 00 to 30nnn = identifier name eg mmre.g. OUN01sbafor Outcome Novice Indicator 01 skilled birth attendance Short_nameIndicator namee.g. maternal mortality ratioDescriptionText description of the indicator to be used on websitee.g. Maternal mortality ratio (maternal deaths per 100,000 live births)Value_typeDescribes the indicator typeNumeric: decimal numberPercentage: value between 0 & 100Text: value from list of text optionsY/N: yes or noValue_categoryExpect this to be ‘total’ for all indicators for Phase 1, but this could allow future disaggregation, e.g. male/female; urban/ruraltotalYearThe year that the indicator value was reported. For most indicators, we will only report if 2014 or more recente.g. 2020Latest_Value‘LATEST’ if this is the most recent reported value for the indicator since 2014, otherwise ‘No’. Useful for indicators with time trend data.LATEST or NOValueIndicator valuee.g. 99.8. NB Some indicators are calculated to several decimal places. We present the value to the number of decimal places that should be displayed on the Hub.SourceFor Caesarean birth rate [OUN13cbr] ONLY, this column indicates the source of the data, either OECD when reported, or UNICEF otherwise.OECD or UNICEFTargetHow does the latest value compare with Global guidelines / targets?meets targetdoes not meet targetmeets global standarddoes not meet global standardRankGlobal rank for indicator, i.e. the country with the best global score for this indicator will have rank = 1, next = 2, etc. This ranking is only appropriate for a few indicators, others will show ‘na’1-195Rank out ofThe total number of countries who have reported a value for this indicator. Ranking scores will only go as high as this number.Up to 195TrendIf historic data is available, an indication of the change over time. If there is a global target, then the trend is either getting better, static or getting worse. For mmr [OUN04mmr] and nmr [OUN05nmr] the average annual rate of reduction (arr) between 2016 and latest value is used to determine the trend:arr <-1.0 = getting worsearr >=-1.0 AND <=1.0 = staticarr >1.0 = getting betterFor other indicators, the trend is estimated by comparing the average of the last three years with the average ten years ago:decreasing if now < 95% 10 yrs agoincreasing if now > 105% 10 yrs agostatic otherwiseincreasingdecreasing Or, if there is a global target: getting better,static,getting worseNotesClarification comments, when necessary LongitudeFor use with mapping LatitudeFor use with mapping DateDate data uploaded to the Hubthe following codes are also possible values:not reported does not apply don’t knowThis is one of many datasets featured on the Midwives’ Data Hub, a digital platform designed to strengthen midwifery and advocate for better maternal and newborn health services.

The number of deaths of children under the age of five. The data is sorted by both sex and total and includes a range of values from 1955 to 2019. A birth-week cohort method is used to calculate the absolute number of deaths among neonates, infants, and children under age 5. First, each annual birth cohort is divided into 52 equal birth-week cohorts. Then each birth-week cohort is exposed throughout the first five years of life to the appropriate calendar year- and age-specific mortality rates depending on cohort age. All deaths from birth-week cohorts occurring as a result of exposure to the mortality rate for a given calendar year are allocated to that year and are summed by age group at death to get the total number of deaths for a given year and age group. The annual estimate of the number of live births in each country comes from the World Population Prospects. This data is sourced from the UN Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. The UN IGME uses the same estimation method across all countries to arrive at a smooth trend curve of age-specific mortality rates. The estimates are based on high quality nationally representative data including statistics from civil registration systems, results from household surveys, and censuses. The child mortality estimates are produced in conjunction with national level agencies such as a country’s Ministry of Health, National Statistics Office, or other relevant agencies.

This dataset of U.S. mortality trends since 1900 highlights the differences in age-adjusted death rates and life expectancy at birth by race and sex. Age-adjusted death rates (deaths per 100,000) after 1998 are calculated based on the 2000 U.S. standard population. Populations used for computing death rates for 2011–2017 are postcensal estimates based on the 2010 census, estimated as of July 1, 2010. Rates for census years are based on populations enumerated in the corresponding censuses. Rates for noncensus years between 2000 and 2010 are revised using updated intercensal population estimates and may differ from rates previously published. Data on age-adjusted death rates prior to 1999 are taken from historical data (see References below). Life expectancy data are available up to 2017. Due to changes in categories of race used in publications, data are not available for the black population consistently before 1968, and not at all before 1960. More information on historical data on age-adjusted death rates is available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/hist293.htm. SOURCES CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, historical data, 1900-1998 (see https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm); CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data (see http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm); and CDC WONDER (see http://wonder.cdc.gov). REFERENCES National Center for Health Statistics, Data Warehouse. Comparability of cause-of-death between ICD revisions. 2008. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/comparability_icd.htm. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital statistics data available. Mortality multiple cause files. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/vitalstatsonline.htm. Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Arias E. Deaths: Final data for 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 9. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_09-508.pdf. Arias E, Xu JQ. United States life tables, 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 7. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_07-508.pdf. National Center for Health Statistics. Historical Data, 1900-1998. 2009. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm.