In 2024, the fertility rate in Africa was *** children per woman. The average number of newborn infants per woman on the continent decreased compared to 2000, when women had approximately **** children throughout their reproductive years. By 2030, fertility in Africa is projected to decline to around *** births per woman, yet it will remain high. The highest fertility rate worldwide Despite its gradually declining rate, fertility in Africa is the highest in the world. In 2023, the average fertility rate on the continent stood at **** children per woman, compared to a global average of **** births per woman. In contrast, Europe and North America were the continents with the lowest proportion of newborns, each registering a fertility rate below two children per woman. Additionally, Africa records the highest fertility rate among the young female population aged 15 to 19 years. In 2022, West and Central Africa had an adolescent fertility rate of nearly *** children per 1,000 girls, the highest value worldwide. Lower fertility in Northern Africa Fertility levels vary significantly across Africa. In 2023, Somalia, Chad, Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Central African Republic were the countries with the highest fertility rates on the continent. In those countries, women had an average of over *** children in their reproductive years. The number of adolescent girls giving birth also differed within Africa. For instance, the adolescent fertility rate in North Africa stood at around **** children per 1,000 young women in 2023. On the other hand, Sub-Saharan Africa registered a higher rate of approximately **** children per 1,000 girls as of the same year. In general, higher poverty levels, inadequate social and health conditions, and increased infant mortality are some main drivers of higher fertility rates.

The total fertility rate of the world has dropped from around 5 children per woman in 1950, to 2.2 children per woman in 2025, which means that women today are having fewer than half the number of children that women did 75 years ago. Replacement level fertility This change has come as a result of the global demographic transition, and is influenced by factors such as the significant reduction in infant and child mortality, reduced number of child marriages, increased educational and vocational opportunities for women, and the increased efficacy and availability of contraception. While this change has become synonymous with societal progress, it does have wide-reaching demographic impact - if the global average falls below replacement level (roughly 2.1 children per woman), as is expected to happen in the 2050s, then this will lead to long-term population decline on a global scale. Regional variations When broken down by continent, Africa is the only region with a fertility rate above the global average, and, alongside Oceania, it is the only region with a fertility rate above replacement level. Until the 1980s, the average woman in Africa could expect to have 6-7 children over the course of their lifetime, and there are still several countries in Africa where women can still expect to have 5 or more children in 2025. Historically, Europe has had the lowest fertility rates in the world over the past century, falling below replacement level in 1975. Europe's population has grown through a combination of migration and increasing life expectancy, however even high immigration rates could not prevent its population from going into decline in 2021.

Niger had the highest birth rate in the world in 2024, with a birth rate of 46.6 births per 1,000 inhabitants. Angola, Benin, Mali, and Uganda followed. Except for Afghanistan, all 20 countries with the highest birth rates in the world were located in Sub-Saharan Africa. High infant mortality The reasons behind the high birth rates in many Sub-Saharan African countries are manyfold, but a major reason is that infant mortality remains high on the continent, despite decreasing steadily over the past decades, resulting in high birth rates to counter death rates. Moreover, many nations in Sub-Saharan Africa are highly reliant on small-scale farming, meaning that more hands are of importance. Additionally, polygamy is not uncommon in the region, and having many children is often seen as a symbol of status. Fastest-growing populations As the high fertility rates coincide with decreasing death rates, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have the highest population growth rates in the world. As a result, Africa's population is forecast to increase from 1.4 billion in 2022 to over 3.9 billion by 2100.

In 2025, there are six countries, all in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the average woman of childbearing age can expect to have between 5-6 children throughout their lifetime. In fact, of the 20 countries in the world with the highest fertility rates, Afghanistan and Yemen are the only countries not found in Sub-Saharan Africa. High fertility rates in Africa With a fertility rate of almost six children per woman, Chad is the country with the highest fertility rate in the world. Population growth in Chad is among the highest in the world. Lack of healthcare access, as well as food instability, political instability, and climate change, are all exacerbating conditions that keep Chad's infant mortality rates high, which is generally the driver behind high fertility rates. This situation is common across much of the continent, and, although there has been considerable progress in recent decades, development in Sub-Saharan Africa is not moving as quickly as it did in other regions. Demographic transition While these countries have the highest fertility rates in the world, their rates are all on a generally downward trajectory due to a phenomenon known as the demographic transition. The third stage (of five) of this transition sees birth rates drop in response to decreased infant and child mortality, as families no longer feel the need to compensate for lost children. Eventually, fertility rates fall below replacement level (approximately 2.1 children per woman), which eventually leads to natural population decline once life expectancy plateaus. In some of the most developed countries today, low fertility rates are creating severe econoic and societal challenges as workforces are shrinking while aging populations are placin a greater burden on both public and personal resources.

Somalia was the African country with the highest fertility rate in 2023. There, each woman had an average of around 6.1 children in her reproductive years. Fertility levels in Africa remain high despite a steady decline The fertility rate in Africa has gradually decreased since 2000 and is projected to decline further in the coming years. Factors including improved socio-economic conditions and educational opportunities, lower infant mortality, and decreasing poverty levels have driven the declining birth rate on the continent. Nevertheless, Africa remains the continent with the highest fertility rate worldwide. As of 2023, women in Africa had an average of 4.07 children in their reproductive years. Africa was the only continent registering a fertility rate higher than the global average, which was set at 2.4 children per woman. Worldwide, the continent also had the highest adolescent fertility rate as of 2022, with West and Central Africa leading with 105 births per 1,000 girls aged 15 to 19 years. Africa’s population keeps growing According to projections, over 46 million births will be registered in Africa in 2023. Contrary to the declining fertility rate, the absolute number of births on the continent will continue to grow in the coming years to reach around 49.4 million by 2030. In general, Africa’s population – amounting to over 1.48 billion inhabitants as of 2023 – is forecast to increase considerably and achieve 2.5 billion in 2050. Countries such as Niger, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea are key drivers of population growth in Africa, registering the highest average population growth rate on the continent between 2020 and 2025. For instance, in that period, Niger’s population was forecast to expand by 3.7 percent each year.

In 2021, there were **** births per 1,000 people in Northern Ireland, compared with eleven in the previous year. Between 2000 and 2008, Northern Ireland's birth rate increased from **** to **** but started to decline gradually until 2012 when it dropped from **** to **** in just one year. During this provided time period, the birth rate in Northern Ireland was highest in 1971, when it was **** and was at its lowest in 2020 when there were just eleven births per 1,000 people. Falling birth rates in the UK For the United Kingdom as a whole, the birth rate fell to **** births per 1,000 people in 2020, before a slight uptick to **** in 2021. After a postwar peak of **** births per 1,000 people in 1964, the UK birth rate fell sharply to just **** by 1977. Between 1977 and 2012 the birth rate fluctuated between **** and ****, but declined in every year between 2012 and 2020. In 2021, the UK's fertility rate (the number of births per women) fell to just ****, compared with **** in 1964. Since 1973, the UK has fallen below the minimum replacement level fertility rate of ***, and without immigration would likely see its population decline in the long term. Global demographic trends The considerable decline in the UK's fertility rate in recent decades is not an isolated phenomenon. As of 2024, Africa was, at ****, the only continent to have a fertility rate higher than the global average of ****. Several countries, mainly in East Asia and Europe, have far lower fertility rates than the UK or the global average, however. South Korea provides the most dramatic example of this trend, with its fertility rate falling from **** in 1960 to just **** by 2020. By the *****, it is expected that, as Africa's fertility rate converges with the rest of the world, the global population will peak at around **** billion and start to decline.

Snapshot img

Baby Food Maker Market Size 2024-2028

The baby food maker market size is forecast to increase by USD 585.3 million at a CAGR of 10.43% between 2023 and 2028. The market experiences significant growth, driven by various factors. Technological innovations and portfolio extensions are key catalysts, introducing advanced features and diverse product offerings. The increasing number of working women contributes to the market expansion, as convenience becomes a priority for busy parents. Additionally, the ease of use, portability, and health benefits associated with homemade baby food further fuel the market's growth. These factors combined create a robust and continuously evolving market landscape for baby food makers.

What will be the Size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

To learn more about this report, View Report Sample

Market Dynamic and Customer Landscape

The market is witnessing significant growth driven by the popularity of baby foods and the increasing effort of health-conscious parents to provide nutritious options for their infants. Companies are leveraging their brand name and innovative machine designs to introduce a wide range of deliverables such as cereals, edibles, and organic baby food. As working-class women seek time-saving solutions, baby electronic products like puree processors, blenders, and steamers have become essential. With an emphasis on nutrition, these products feature compact designs, easy-to-use interfaces, and nutrient retention technologies. Online dashboards and e-commerce websites enhance accessibility, while expansion of distribution chains taps into regional opportunities. The market caters to baby nutrition needs with all-in-one, portable, and multi-functional solutions like baby food pouches and dishwasher-safe processors, ensuring food safety and nutrient-rich meals for infants at every baby food stage.

Our researchers analyzed the market research and growth data with 2023 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges. A holistic analysis of drivers will help companies refine their marketing strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

Key Market Driver

One of the major factors driving the market growth is technological innovations and portfolio extensions. The manufacturers focus on launching advanced and innovative products for fulfill the demands of customers in different sectors. The major factors that a company focuses on while manufacturing a product are safety, durability, and customization. For example, the bottle warmer, BFM- 1000 by Cuisinart is a baby food maker with 4- cup work bowl that allows the storage of leftovers. This product steams and purees in the bowl without creating a mess, thereby also saving time.

Thus, the introduction of innovative products also leads to product premiumization. Danone introduced the pre-measured tab formula milk in the UK by partnering with the Japanese manufacturer Meiji. As per the deal, there will be the manufacturing of a format innovation in its formula milk recipes with Meiji's proprietary tab production technology. Thus, with such technological innovations and portfolio extensions, the global market is expected to grow during the forecast period.

Significant Market Trends

The major market trend driving the market growth is the increasing number of women joining the workforce. The increased number of working women globally has boosted the demand, thereby propelling their sales worldwide. The need for working women to make food or prepare infant formula and store them for later use has resulted in substantial market growth. As a result, the demand for ready-to-eat or packaged food has increased. The number of working women in developing countries such as China and India has increased substantially over the last few years. In 2021, the female labor rate in China ranged at about 61.6%.

The total labor participation rate in China stood at around 68.1% in 2021. This increase in the number of working women has also led to a rise in dual-income households, which, in turn, has led to a higher average income per household. This has helped to shift the inclination toward a luxury lifestyle which has encouraged consumers to adopt as their kitchen appliances. Such factors are expected to drive the growth of the market during the forecast period.

Major Market Challenge

The major challenge impeding market growth is the declining birth rate. The global declining birth rate is a challenge for the market in developing countries such as India, China, and Brazil and in developed countries such as the UK, the US, France, Japan, and Canada. The decline is due to the increase in the unmarried population and a drop in the number of children per family. For instance, the current birth rate for India in 2022 is 17.163 births per 1000 people, a 1.23% decline from 2021. The birth rate for India in 2021 was 17.377 births per 1000 people, a 1.

Snapshot img

Baby Shampoo And Conditioner Market Size 2024-2028

The baby shampoo and conditioner market size is forecast to increase by USD 761.8 million at a CAGR of 5.7% between 2023 and 2028. In the market, consumer awareness regarding infant health and hygiene has significantly matured in developed regions. This trend is driving the demand for gentle, tearless shampoo and specialized formulas for conditions like eczema and cradle cap. Modern retailers, including both online and offline stores, are responding by offering an increasing number of multifunctional bath shampoo and conditioner products. However, the global decline in birth rates presents a challenge to market growth.

Social media trends have played a crucial role in spreading awareness about the harmful chemicals present in conventional hair care products. To cater to diverse consumer needs, retailers are expanding their offerings in drug stores and other modern outlets. This market analysis report delves into these trends and the impact they have on the baby shampoo and conditioner industry.

What will be the Size of the Baby Shampoo And Conditioner Market During the Forecast Period?

Request Free Sample

The market has witnessed significant growth due to various factors. Parents prioritize the hygiene and grooming needs of their infants, leading to an increased demand for these products. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the birth rate in the US has been relatively stable, with around 3.7 million births in 2019. This consistent birth rate has contributed to a steady demand for baby care products, including shampoos and conditioners. Urbanization and the increasing working women ratio have also resulted in the market's growth. With more women working outside the home, there is a greater need for convenient and effective baby care solutions. These products effectively cleanse and safeguard infants' hair from environmental pollutants, UV rays, and harsh chemicals like benzene, while adding softness and luster.

Additionally, baby shampoos and conditioners offer a quick and easy way to maintain an infant's hygiene, making them a popular choice among working parents. Awareness regarding the importance of proper infant hygiene and sanitation has also driven market growth. Parents are becoming increasingly conscious of the potential risks associated with using adult shampoos and conditioners on their babies. These products may contain harmful chemicals, such as parabens and phthalates, which can be harmful to infants' delicate skin. As a result, there is a growing preference for paraben-free and phthalate-free baby shampoos and conditioners. Social media trends have also played a role in the market's growth.

Parents share their experiences and product recommendations on social media platforms, resulted in others' purchasing decisions. Organic baby shampoos and conditioners have gained popularity due to their natural ingredients and perceived health benefits. Infant mortality rates have remained relatively low in the US, making it a priority for parents to ensure their infants' overall health and wellbeing. Baby shampoos and conditioners are essential components of a baby's grooming routine, providing nourishment and hydration to their hair and scalp. These products help prevent issues such as flakes, scalp infections, tangles, and knots, ensuring a healthy and happy baby. In conclusion, the market in the US continues to grow due to factors such as consistent birth rates, urbanization, working women ratio, awareness, and social media trends.

Parents prioritize their infants' hygiene and wellbeing, leading to a strong demand for effective, safe, and convenient baby care solutions. The preference for paraben-free and phthalate-free products, as well as the growing popularity of organic options, further underscores the market's potential for continued growth.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product

  Non-medicated
  Medicated


Distribution Channel

  Offline
  Online


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India


  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Product Insights

The non-medicated segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The market is witnessing consistent growth, with the non-medicated segment being a significant contributor. Pharmacies and health and beauty stores remain the primary distribution channels for these products. In the Asia Pacific region, this market is experiencing notable demand due to the increasing birth rate and rising awareness regarding infant hygiene. Non-medicated shampoo gently cleanses and safe

In 2024, Niger recorded the highest crude birth rates in Africa, with 46.6 births recorded per 1,000 inhabitants. Angola, followed with 41.1 births per 1,000 population, whereas the rate in Benin and Mali stood above 40. In Niger, Uganda, Angola, and Mali, the population's median age is under 17 years old. Especially, Niger ranks as the country with the youngest population in Africa and worldwide, with a median age of 15.1 years.

Snapshot img

Baby Puffs And Snacks Market Size and Trends

The baby puffs and snacks market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.06 billion, at a CAGR of 5.36% between 2023 and 2028. The baby puffs and snacks market is experiencing significant growth, driven by several key factors. The increasing participation of women in the workforce has led to a higher demand for convenient and nutritious snack options for infants and toddlers. Moreover, packaging innovation continues to be a major trend in the market, with companies focusing on producing eco-friendly and reusable packaging to reduce waste and appeal to environmentally-conscious consumers. This makes baby food products an appealing option as they can combine health and nutrition with convenience. Organic baby foods and homemade alternatives are increasingly popular, offering pureed forms of vegetables and fruits free from chemicals and preservatives. However, the market faces challenges such as the declining birth rate and fertility rate in some regions, which may limit the size of the consumer base. Despite these challenges, the market is expected to continue growing due to the rising demand for healthy and convenient snack options for young children.

Request Free Sample

The market is evolving to meet the growing demand for nutritious and convenient food options. With more women joining the workforce, parents seek ready-made puréed baby food and nutritious snacks that support toddler nutrition. As transitioning to solid foods becomes a crucial milestone, products like teething biscuits, yogurt melts, and rice cakes are designed to address allergen fears and supply chain disruptions. The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) is also enhancing the market by improving supply chain efficiency and ensuring non-GMO ingredients. Nutritional snacks, such as baby puffs, are crafted to be both convenient and healthful, catering to busy families who prioritize child health. This shift towards organic and allergen-free options reflects broader trends in consumer preferences for clean and wholesome foods.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million ' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018 - 2022 for the following segments.

Product Outlook

  Baby puffs
  Baby snacks





Region Outlook

  North America

    The U.S.
    Canada





  Europe

    U.K.
    Germany
    France
    Rest of Europe





  APAC

    China
    India


  South America

    Chile
    Brazil
    Argentina





  Middle East & Africa

    Saudi Arabia
    South Africa
    Rest of the Middle East & Africa

By Product Insights

The baby puffs segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The Baby Puffs and Snacks market caters to the nutritional needs of toddlers transitioning from liquid to solid food. With an increasing number of women in the workforce, the demand for ready-made baby food, including puffs and snacks, has surged. These products offer essential nutrients such as proteins, calcium, iron, and vitamin D, crucial for a toddler's growth. Packaging innovations, including leakage protection and extended shelf-life, have been instrumental in the growth of this market.

Get a glance at the market share of various regions Download the PDF Sample

The baby puffs segment accounted for USD 1.89 billion in 2018. Online sales have also gained popularity due to their convenience, especially among nuclear families with limited time for grocery shopping. Parental awareness regarding hygiene and food safety has led to the preference for high-quality, organic options. The baby products industry, including baby foods and infant snacks, has seen a trend towards nutritious, gluten-free, and advertising-free offerings. Regulatory restrictions ensure the safety and quality of these products. Parenting trends have shifted towards providing nutrient-rich snacks for babysitters to feed toddlers, making the market increasingly competitive. Family planning and the rise of nuclear families have further fueled the demand for convenient, nutritious snack options for toddlers.

Regional Analysis

For more insights on the market share of various regions Download PDF Sample now!

North America is estimated to contribute 30% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period. The baby puffs and snacks market caters to the nutritional needs of toddlers transitioning from liquid to solid food. As more women join the workforce, the demand for ready-made, nutritious baby food has surged. Innovations in packaging, such as leakage protection and extended shelf-life, have made these products convenient for busy parents. The

Snapshot img

Baby Cribs And Cots Market Size 2024-2028

The baby cribs and cots market size is forecast to increase by USD 701.2 million at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is witnessing significant growth due to several key factors. The rise in disposable income and increasing urbanization are driving the demand for these products. The market encompasses a range of furniture products designed for the sleep and care of infants and young children. Moreover, there is an emerging trend towards eco-friendly baby cribs and cots, which is expected to gain traction In the coming years. Innovative designs include convertible cribs that transform into chairs, tables, toy bins, bookshelves, sofas, dressers, or beds. However, the market is also facing challenges such as the availability of counterfeit products, which can negatively impact the reputation of genuine manufacturers. Producers must prioritize quality and safety to maintain consumer trust and differentiate themselves from the competition. Additionally, innovation in design and materials is essential to cater to evolving consumer preferences and stay competitive In the market.

What will be the Size of the Baby Cribs And Cots Market During the Forecast Period?

Request Free Sample

This market caters to nuclear families and working individuals, whose disposable incomes and standard of living enable them to prioritize the health and well-being of their children. Product offerings include convertible cribs that transform into full-sized beds for toddlers, as well as eco-friendly options that address environmental concerns. Regulating authorities play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and quality of these products. Baby care products, such as cribs and cots, are a significant segment of the broader infant and childcare market.
Market dynamics are influenced by factors like consumer preferences for design, material, and functionality. Convertible cribs, for instance, offer flexibility and cost savings over time. Meanwhile, the trend towards sustainable products is driving demand for cribs made from renewable or recycled materials. The baby cribs market is a global one, with both domestic and international players participating in import and export activities. This market intersects with other sectors, such as strollers and monitors, as families seek comprehensive solutions for their childcare needs. The Child Health Journal and other industry publications provide insights into market trends and emerging product types, including those that cater to the evolving needs and values of millennial parents.

How is this Baby Cribs And Cots Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The baby cribs and cots industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product Type

  Convertible cribs and cots
  Standard cribs and cots
  Potable cribs and cots
  Multi-purpose cribs and cots


Type

  Traditional cribs and cots
  Contemporary cribs and cots
  Modern cribs and cots
  Others


Geography

  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India


  North America

    US


  Middle East and Africa



  South America

By Product Type Insights

The convertible cribs and cots segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Convertible cribs and cots, primarily crafted from solid wood, offer durability and versatility for parents. These multifunctional baby products cater to the growing needs of infants and young children by transforming into various furniture pieces. The trend toward convertible cribs with toddler rails allows parents to convert the crib into a toddler bed, eliminating the need for additional purchases. As nuclear families and working individuals prioritize standard living and disposable income, eco-friendly baby cribs and cots are increasingly popular. Regulating authorities focus on safety standards, ensuring sensor technology, airbag systems, and other safety features are integrated into these products. Eco-conscious consumers, including millennials and single parents, seek sustainable solutions. The market for these convertible cribs and cots continues to expand, driven by increasing birth rates, population growth, and modern technology.

Get a glance at the Baby Cribs And Cots Industry report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The Convertible cribs and cots segment was valued at USD 1.6 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 35% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecas

In 2024, the population of Africa was projected to grow by 2.27 percent compared to the previous year. The population growth rate on the continent has been constantly over 2.5 percent from 2000 onwards, and it peaked at 2.63 percent in 2013. Despite a slowdown in the growth rate after that, the continent's population will continue to increase significantly in the coming years. The second-largest population worldwide In 2023, the total population of Africa amounted to almost 1.5 billion. The number of inhabitants had grown steadily in the previous decades, rising from approximately 831 million in 2000. Driven by a decreasing mortality rate and a higher life expectancy at birth, the African population was forecast to increase to about 2.5 billion individuals by 2050. Africa is currently the second most populous continent worldwide after Asia. However, forecasts showed that Africa could gradually close the gap and almost reach the size of the Asian population in 2100. By that year, Africa might count 3.8 billion people, compared to 4.6 billion in Asia. The world's youngest continent The median age in Africa corresponded to 19.2 years in 2024. Although the median age has increased in recent years, the continent remains the youngest worldwide. In 2023, roughly 40 percent of the African population was aged 15 years and younger, compared to a global average of 25 percent. Africa recorded not only the highest share of youth but also the smallest elderly population worldwide. As of the same year, only three percent of Africa's population was aged 65 years and older. Africa and Latin America were the only regions below the global average of ten percent. On the continent, Niger, Uganda, and Angola were the countries with the youngest population in 2023.

Since 2000, Russia has consistently had the lowest population growth rate of the BRICS countries, and it even experienced a population decline throughout most of the 2000s, and again in the late 2010s. For Brazil, China, and India, population growth has gradually fallen over time, as their demographic development progresses. South Africa has had the highest population growth rate since 2010, as its population recovered from the initial impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, before it started falling as birth rates fall more in line with death rates.

In 2023, the total fertility rate in children per woman in South Africa was 2.22. Between 1960 and 2023, the figure dropped by 3.89, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

The world's population first reached one billion people in 1805, and reached eight billion in 2022, and will peak at almost 10.2 billion by the end of the century. Although it took thousands of years to reach one billion people, it did so at the beginning of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition; from this point onwards, population growth has skyrocketed, and since the 1960s the population has increased by one billion people every 12 to 15 years. The demographic transition sees a sharp drop in mortality due to factors such as vaccination, sanitation, and improved food supply; the population boom that follows is due to increased survival rates among children and higher life expectancy among the general population; and fertility then drops in response to this population growth. Regional differences The demographic transition is a global phenomenon, but it has taken place at different times across the world. The industrialized countries of Europe and North America were the first to go through this process, followed by some states in the Western Pacific. Latin America's population then began growing at the turn of the 20th century, but the most significant period of global population growth occurred as Asia progressed in the late-1900s. As of the early 21st century, almost two-thirds of the world's population lives in Asia, although this is set to change significantly in the coming decades. Future growth The growth of Africa's population, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, will have the largest impact on global demographics in this century. From 2000 to 2100, it is expected that Africa's population will have increased by a factor of almost five. It overtook Europe in size in the late 1990s, and overtook the Americas a few years later. In contrast to Africa, Europe's population is now in decline, as birth rates are consistently below death rates in many countries, especially in the south and east, resulting in natural population decline. Similarly, the population of the Americas and Asia are expected to go into decline in the second half of this century, and only Oceania's population will still be growing alongside Africa. By 2100, the world's population will have over three billion more than today, with the vast majority of this concentrated in Africa. Demographers predict that climate change is exacerbating many of the challenges that currently hinder progress in Africa, such as political and food instability; if Africa's transition is prolonged, then it may result in further population growth that would place a strain on the region's resources, however, curbing this growth earlier would alleviate some of the pressure created by climate change.

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander women had the highest fertility rate of any ethnicity in the United States in 2022, with about 2,237.5 births per 1,000 women. The fertility rate for all ethnicities in the U.S. was 1,656.5 births per 1,000 women. What is the total fertility rate? The total fertility rate is an estimation of the number of children who would theoretically be born per 1,000 women through their childbearing years (generally considered to be between the ages of 15 and 44) according to age-specific fertility rates. The fertility rate is different from the birth rate, in that the birth rate is the number of births in relation to the population over a specific period of time. Fertility rates around the world Fertility rates around the world differ on a country-by-country basis, and more industrialized countries tend to see lower fertility rates. For example, Niger topped the list of the countries with the highest fertility rates, and Taiwan had the lowest fertility rate.