In 2023, the crude birth rate in live births per 1,000 inhabitants in India stood at 16.15. Between 1960 and 2023, the figure dropped by 26.75, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Actual value and historical data chart for India Birth Rate Crude Per 1 000 People

The statistic displays the birth rate in India between 2009 and 2013. In 2009, the birth rate was around 19.8 births per 1,000 inhabitants, and has dropped slightly since. The fertility rate or the number of children born per woman in India can be found here.

Context

This dataset contains state-wise Fertility Rate of India.

Content

It has total 4 columns:- State Total Urban Rural Population 'States': These contain names of all the States and Union Territories of India. 'Total': Fertility rate of each state. It is an estimate of the average number of children that a woman would have over her childbearing years (i.e. age 15-49), based on current birth trends. It is calculated using below formulae. 'Urban': Total Fertility rate of each state for urban dwellers. 'Rural': Total Fertility rate of each state for rural dwellers. 'Population': Total number of people in that state.

Acknowledgements

I am thankful to Indian government for maintaining these valuable data which can be used to understand demography of India in more clear way.

Inspiration

I am truly inspired by everyone on the Kaggle, with the level of their dedication and hard work.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data was reported at 25.100 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25.400 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data is updated yearly, averaging 28.700 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.800 NA in 2000 and a record low of 25.100 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

Historical dataset showing India birth rate by year from 1950 to 2025.

In India, the crude birth rate in 1880 was 41.5 live births per thousand people, meaning that approximately 4.2 percent of the population had been born in that year. After an initial jump from 40.9 to 46.5 births per thousand between 1885 and 1890, India's crude birth rate remained consistent at just over 45 until the middle of the twentieth century. It was during the late 1940s that India gained its independence from the British Empire, and from this point the crude birth rate has gradually decreased from over 45 births per thousand people in 1945, to below twenty today. In 2020, it is expected to be just 18 births per thousand.

India: The number of crude births per 1000 people, per year: The latest value from 2023 is 16.15 births per 1000 people, a decline from 16.34 births per 1000 people in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 17.86 births per 1000 people, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for India from 1960 to 2023 is 30.69 births per 1000 people. The minimum value, 16.15 births per 1000 people, was reached in 2023 while the maximum of 42.9 births per 1000 people was recorded in 1960.

Total Fertility Rate: India: Urban data was reported at 1.600 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.700 NA for 2019. Total Fertility Rate: India: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 1.800 NA from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2020, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.100 NA in 2005 and a record low of 1.600 NA in 2020. Total Fertility Rate: India: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH006: Vital Statistics: Total Fertility Rate.

The projected crude birth rate in India, at national level, was expected to decrease to about ** births per thousand people by 2031 to 2035 as opposed to the national crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 which stood at more than ** births per thousand people. At state level, Bihar reflected the highest crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 as well as the highest projected crude birth rate from 2031-2035. By contrast, the states with the lowest projected crude birth rates were Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh during the same time period.

Actual value and historical data chart for India Fertility Rate Total Births Per Woman

India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data was reported at 22.100 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22.400 NA for 2015. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 30.500 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.900 NA in 1971 and a record low of 22.100 NA in 2016. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

In 2020, the northern state of Uttar Pradesh had the highest urban birth rate of 22.1 births per 1,000 inhabitants. It was followed by states of Bihar and Rajasthan. Among other states, Himachal Pradesh had the lowest birth rate in the urban areas that year.

Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) in India was reported at 14.06 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

India: Fertility rate, births per woman: The latest value from 2023 is 1.98 births per woman, a decline from 1.99 births per woman in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 2.41 births per woman, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for India from 1960 to 2023 is 3.97 births per woman. The minimum value, 1.98 births per woman, was reached in 2023 while the maximum of 5.98 births per woman was recorded in 1964.

The fertility rate of a country is the average number of children that women from that country will have throughout their reproductive years. From 1880 until 1970, India's fertility rate was very consistent, and women of this time had an average of 5.7 to six children over the course of their lifetime. In the second half of the twentieth century, the fertility rate dropped considerably, and has continued to drop in the 2000s. This decrease in the rate of fertility follows a common correlation between quality of life and fertility, where the fertility rate decreases as the standard of living improves. In 1947, after almost a century, the Indian independence movement finally achieved its goal, and India was able to self rule. From this point onwards, Indian socio-economic improvements led to a decreased fertility rate, which is expected to fall to 2.2 in 2020.

The average for 2022 based on 196 countries was 18.19 births per 1000 people. The highest value was in the Central African Republic: 45.42 births per 1000 people and the lowest value was in Hong Kong: 4.4 births per 1000 people. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data was reported at 14.600 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.900 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data is updated yearly, averaging 17.200 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.300 NA in 1998 and a record low of 14.600 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

This layer shows Life Expectancy at Birth & Total Fertility Rate for Major States as per the Economic Survey Report 2024-2025Source of data: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/economicsurvey/doc/stat/tab8.1.pdfNote: Andhra Pradesh includes Telangana till the year 2014 and Jammu & Kashmir includes Ladakh till the year 2018This web layer is offered by Esri India, for ArcGIS Online subscribers. If you have any questions or comments, please let us know via content@esri.in.

Historical dataset showing India fertility rate by year from 1950 to 2025.