Niger had the highest birth rate in the world in 2024, with a birth rate of 46.6 births per 1,000 inhabitants. Angola, Benin, Mali, and Uganda followed. Except for Afghanistan, all 20 countries with the highest birth rates in the world were located in Sub-Saharan Africa. High infant mortality The reasons behind the high birth rates in many Sub-Saharan African countries are manyfold, but a major reason is that infant mortality remains high on the continent, despite decreasing steadily over the past decades, resulting in high birth rates to counter death rates. Moreover, many nations in Sub-Saharan Africa are highly reliant on small-scale farming, meaning that more hands are of importance. Additionally, polygamy is not uncommon in the region, and having many children is often seen as a symbol of status. Fastest-growing populations As the high fertility rates coincide with decreasing death rates, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have the highest population growth rates in the world. As a result, Africa's population is forecast to increase from 1.4 billion in 2022 to over 3.9 billion by 2100.

The average for 2022 based on 196 countries was 18.19 births per 1000 people. The highest value was in the Central African Republic: 45.42 births per 1000 people and the lowest value was in Hong Kong: 4.4 births per 1000 people. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The crude birth rate in Montenegro was estimated to be **** live births per 1,000 population in 2024, the highest among countries in Europe. By contrast, Ukraine had the lowest crude birth rate in Europe, at *** live births per 1,000 population.

In 2024, Niger recorded the highest crude birth rates in Africa, with 46.6 births recorded per 1,000 inhabitants. Angola, followed with 41.1 births per 1,000 population, whereas the rate in Benin and Mali stood above 40. In Niger, Uganda, Angola, and Mali, the population's median age is under 17 years old. Especially, Niger ranks as the country with the youngest population in Africa and worldwide, with a median age of 15.1 years.

Key figures on fertility, live and stillborn children and multiple births among inhabitants of The Netherlands.

Available selections: - Live born children by sex; - Live born children by age of the mother (31 December), in groups; - Live born children by birth order from the mother; - Live born children by marital status of the mother; - Live born children by country of birth of the mother and origin country of the mother; - Stillborn children by duration of pregnancy; - Births: single and multiple; - Average number of children per female; - Average number of children per male; - Average age of the mother at childbirth by birth order from the mother; - Average age of the father at childbirth by birth order from the mother; - Net replacement factor.

CBS is in transition towards a new classification of the population by origin. Greater emphasis is now placed on where a person was born, aside from where that person’s parents were born. The term ‘migration background’ is no longer used in this regard. The main categories western/non-western are being replaced by categories based on continents and a few countries that share a specific migration history with the Netherlands. The new classification is being implemented gradually in tables and publications on population by origin.

Data available from: 1950 Most of the data is available as of 1950 with the exception of the live born children by country of birth of the mother and origin country of the mother (from 2021, previous periods will be added at a later time), stillborn children by duration of pregnancy (24+) (from 1991), average number of children per male (from 1996) and the average age of the father at childbirth (from 1996).

Status of the figures: All data recorded in this publication are final data.

Changed on 15 augustus 2025: The 2023 figures on stillbirths and (multiple) births are final. Final figures of 2024 have been added.

When will new figures be published? In the third quarter of 2026 final figures of 2025 will be published in this publication.

For most of the past two centuries, falling birth rates have been associated with societal progress. During the demographic transition, where pre-industrial societies modernize in terms of fertility and mortality, falling death rates, especially among infants and children, are the first major change. In response, as more children survive into adulthood, women have fewer children as the need to compensate for child mortality declines. This transition has happened at different times across the world and is an ongoing process, with early industrial countries being the first to transition, and Sub-Saharan African countries being the most recent to do so. Additionally, some Asian countries (particularly China through government policy) have gone through their demographic transitions at a much faster pace than those deemed more developed. Today, in countries such as Japan, Italy, and Germany, birth rates have fallen well below death rates; this is no longer considered a positive demographic trend, as it leads to natural population decline, and may create an over-aged population that could place a burden on healthcare systems.

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) publishes data on the number of live births by the mother's country of birth in England and Wales each year. Every time a birth is registered in England and Wales both parents are required to state their places of birth on their child's birth certificate, and this information is then collated to produce these statistics. In order to make it easier to look at what these data tell us about births in London, and how these have been changing over time, the GLA Demography team has extracted the data which relate to London from the main ONS dataset since 2001 and presented it here in an easily accessible format. For more information about how the ONS produces these statistics, please visit their website: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths

For more information about how we extracted these data and created this report, please this project's Github repository: https://github.com/Greater-London-Authority/births_by_mothers_country_of_birth

Since 2001, the number of live births being recorded in London has changed from 104,162 to 106,129 births per year. The proportion of births which were to mothers who had been born outside the UK has changed from 43% in 2001 to 60% in the most recent year (2024). In 2024, the region of origin which supplied the largest number of births to non-UK-born mothers in London was Asia with 27,269, followed by the Africa which provided 10,696. The region of origin which has seen the largest change since 2001 is the Asia, which went from 13,489 live births per year in 2001 to 27,269 in 2024.

In 2024, the region with the largest number of births to non-UK-born mothers was London with 63,460 live births (% of all live births in London). By contrast, the region with the lowest number of births to non-UK-born mothers was the Wales with 4,330 live births to non-UK-born mothers, which only represented 16% of all live births in that region. The data shows that London accounted for 31% of all the births to non-UK-born mothers in England and Wales in 2024, which was a far higher proportion than any other region. These data also highlight a couple of other interesting comparisons. Firstly, despite being the second largest region in England and Wales in terms of population, London is not the region with the largest number of births to UK-born mothers. Secondly, London is the only region to have relatively large numbers of mothers from every region of the world according to the way in which the ONS has categorised them, including Africa, non-EU European countries (such as Turkey and Russia) and the 'Rest of the World' (which includes the Americas and Oceania). The data comparing London with England & Wales excluding London and England & Wales as a whole (including London) is provided in the table below:

  Total Births - UK Mothers


  Total Births - Overseas Mothers


  Pre-2004 EU countries


  Post-2004 EU accession countries


  Rest of Europe


  Asia


  Africa


  Rest of the world




  Year


  Region


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %


  No.


  %






  2024


  London


  42,669


  40%


  63,460


  60%


  6,541


  6%


  7,294


  7%


  5,585


  5%


  27,269


  26%


  10,696


  10%


  6,075


  6%




  2024


  Rest of England & Wales


  350,240


  72%


  138,138


  28%


  10,522


  2%


  23,104


  5%


  6,787


  1%


  60,017


  12%


  30,432


  6%


  7,276


  1%




  2024


  England & Wales


  392,909


  66%


  201,598


  34%


  17,063

This dataset provides comprehensive global population dynamics data, spanning from 1950 to 2100. It includes historical estimates and medium-scenario projections from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2024 edition. Covering 237 countries or areas, this dataset offers researchers, policymakers, and data enthusiasts a valuable resource for analyzing long-term demographic trends and their potential impacts across a 150-year period.

Key features of this dataset include:

• Annual birth and death figures for each country/area
• Historical estimates from 1950 to 2024
• Medium-scenario projections from 2024 to 2100
• Data for both sexes combined and all age groups
• Consistent methodology across countries for comparability

This dataset is ideal for:

• Long-term demographic trend analysis and forecasting
• Historical population studies and future projections
• Policy planning for healthcare, education, and social services
• Economic growth and labor force projections over extended periods
• Environmental impact studies related to population changes
• Academic research in social sciences, public health, and historical demography

Whether you're a data scientist, historian, policymaker, or social researcher, this dataset offers a wealth of information to explore and analyze global population dynamics across a century and a half.

The statistic shows the 20 countries with the lowest fertility rates in 2024. All figures are estimates. In 2024, the fertility rate in Taiwan was estimated to be at 1.11 children per woman, making it the lowest fertility rate worldwide. Fertility rate The fertility rate is the average number of children born per woman of child-bearing age in a country. Usually, a woman aged between 15 and 45 is considered to be in her child-bearing years. The fertility rate of a country provides an insight into its economic state, as well as the level of health and education of its population. Developing countries usually have a higher fertility rate due to lack of access to birth control and contraception, and to women usually foregoing a higher education, or even any education at all, in favor of taking care of housework. Many families in poorer countries also need their children to help provide for the family by starting to work early and/or as caretakers for their parents in old age. In developed countries, fertility rates and birth rates are usually much lower, as birth control is easier to obtain and women often choose a career before becoming a mother. Additionally, if the number of women of child-bearing age declines, so does the fertility rate of a country. As can be seen above, countries like Hong Kong are a good example for women leaving the patriarchal structures and focusing on their own career instead of becoming a mother at a young age, causing a decline of the country’s fertility rate. A look at the fertility rate per woman worldwide by income group also shows that women with a low income tend to have more children than those with a high income. The United States are neither among the countries with the lowest, nor among those with the highest fertility rate, by the way. At 2.08 children per woman, the fertility rate in the US has been continuously slightly below the global average of about 2.4 children per woman over the last decade.

Population Projections: Average Age at Maternity by place of birth of the mother projected 2024-2073. Annual. National.

Jordanian births for the year 2020 by country of birth and gender

🇸🇪 스웨덴 English Population, number by region, region of birth, sex and year

Population Projections: Short-term Fertility Indicator by place of birth of the mother projected 2024-2073. Annual. National.

Population: Birth Rate: Shanghai data was reported at 0.475 % in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.395 % for 2023. Population: Birth Rate: Shanghai data is updated yearly, averaging 0.697 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.031 % in 1990 and a record low of 0.395 % in 2023. Population: Birth Rate: Shanghai data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Birth Rate: By Region.

Population Projections: Projected foreign emigration flows by place of birth and sex 2024-2073. Annual. National.

Population Projections: Specific fertility rates by age and place of birth of the mother projected 2024-2073 (in per thousand). Annual. National.

This table includes figures about the population on the islands of Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius broken down by gender, age and country of birth on 1 January. Since 10 October 2010, the islands of Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius have been given the status of 'special municipality' of the Netherlands. On the grounds of their new status as 'special municipality', they are officially classified as public bodies of the Netherlands.

Data available from: 2011

Status of the figures: The figures in this table are final.

Changed on 19 May 2025: Figures of 1 January 2025 have been added.

Changed on 5 December 2024: None, this is a new table. This table succeeds the table CN; population, sex, age and country of birth; 2011-2024. See section 3. The following changes have been implemented compared to the discontinued table: - Persons born in countries that have since disintegrated (e.g. the Soviet Union) have been assigned to one of the countries that emerged from these old countries based on birthplace information. See also notes on 'Country of birth'; - The origin countries Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Turkey have been assigned to continent Asia (was Europe);

When will new figures be published? New figures of 1 January 2026 will be published in the second quarter of 2026.

The Occupied Palestinian territories, namely the West Bank and Gaza Strip, had the highest average births per woman in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, reaching almost 3.5 and 3.3 births per woman respectively in 2024. Bahrain and the UAE had the lowest birth rates per woman in the region. Birth rates and maternal health improvements in MENA Birth rates in the Middle East and North Africa have decreased considerably over the years. The crude birth rate in MENA dropped from around 25 per 1,000 population in 2000 to 20 in 2021. Considerable progress has been made regarding the health of women who are pregnant. The maternal mortality ratio in MENA decreased from 108 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2000, to 56 in 2020. Another trend is a slow but noticeable decline in the adolescent fertility rate in MENA over the last two decades, from around 44 in 2000 to about 34 births per 1,000 adolescent girls in 2022. Persistent female health issues A high female obesity rate is a prevalent health issues stemming from lifestyles in MENA. The obesity rate among adult females in MENA ranged from around 59 percent in Egypt to approximately 31.5 percent in Morocco as of 2022. Female genital mutilation is another societal problem in the region, though not an isolated one. The number of girls and women who have undergone female genital mutilation in Africa was around 144 million in 2024. In the Middle East, this number was much lower, at about six million.

Modelled estimates of annual live births by year ending date. Official birth estimates from ONS are considered very accurate, but the lag between the end of the period covered and the publication of estimates is typically 9-12 months. To gain a more timely indication of birth trends, the GLA Demography team produces modelled estimates of annual births based on counts of infants registered with GP practices. Modelled birth estimates can be produced with the same frequency and latency that NHS Digital publishes patient count data - currently this is monthly and with a lag of 1-2 weeks. The approach used to generate the modelled birth estimates was originally described in this 2016 technical note. The methodology relies on the correlation between the count of persons age 0 (i.e. yet to reach their first birthday) on the patient register and resident in an area with the number of births that have taken place in that area over the preceding year. The data used to create these modelled birth estimates are: Modelled estimates of patient counts by age, sex, and local authority of residence Official estimates of annual live births by local authority of residence A respository of the code used to generate the modelled birth estimates is available on GitHub. The repository's ReadMe provides more information about the methodology used to produce the estimates as well as a summary analysis of their past accuracy. The outputs cover a range of geographies in England. Within London there is variation in how annual births are predicted to have changed since the latest official estimates. The map below shows the percentage change between the latest official births estimates (01 Jan 2025) and the latest GLA modelled births estimate (01 Oct 2025) for London Boroughs. File contents Files containing the outputs from this modelling process are available for download below. The downloads contain official ONS annual births estimates between 01 Jul 1992 and 01 Jan 2025, interpolated estimates at monthly intervals between official estimates, and predictions of annual births up to 01 Oct 2025. Predicted data are given alongside the upper and lower bounds of the 95% prediction interval. The data are given for local authority districts, regions, country, and international territorial levels ITL2 in England. These data are not currently split by sex. The following are example rows to show the format of the csv data file downloads. actual_and_predicted_births.csv gss_code gss_name geography sex date type annual_births interval_lower interval_upper … … … … … … … … … E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2024-12-01 interpolated 3298.9 NA NA E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2025-01-01 actual 3256 NA NA E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2025-02-01 predicted 3287.8 3202.7 3373 … … … … … … … … … E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2025-10-01 predicted 3184 3102 3265.9 birth_gp_ratios.csv gss_code gss_name geography sex date ratio ratio_lower ratio_upper ratio_type gp_count actual_births … … … … … … … … … … … E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2024-12-01 1.065 NA NA interpolated 3098.2 NA E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2025-01-01 1.066 NA NA actual 3054.5 3256 E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2025-02-01 1.068 1.04 1.096 predicted 3078.6 NA … … … … … … … … … … … E09000028 Southwark LAD23 persons 2027-07-01 1.063 1.034 1.091 predicted NA NA The plots.zip download contains png files of plots showing the actual and predicted annual births for each geographic area in the same format as the actual and predicted annual live births plot for London above. There are 3 plots for each different area which give different starting dates for the official estimates backseries to span a total of either 5, 10 or 15 years.

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