Price swings of Bitcoin increased substantially in November 2022, recording a 10-day volatility of more than *** percent. Measured in a metric called volatility, the percentage shown here reflect how much the price of BTC in U.S. dollars changed historically over a preceding 7-day window. Changes can be either up or down, with a higher volatility reflecting that an asset is more risky, as price movements are less easy to predict and can swing in any direction. The volatility metric referred to here is called "realized volatility", otherwise known as "historic volatility" and describes these price swings over a given period of time - and consequently is not looking into the future. Despite the rise of several cryptocurrencies since 2021, Bitcoin still had the highest market share ("dominance") of all cryptocurrencies in 2022.
The CAPIVIX Index gives crypto traders something traditional markets have long relied on - a clear measure of expected market volatility. Think of it as the VIX for Bitcoin and Ethereum, showing what the market anticipates for price swings over the next 30 days.
This crypto volatility index tracks market sentiment for BTC/USD and ETH/USD pairs by analyzing options data from major derivatives exchanges. When CAPIVIX rises, it signals increased uncertainty and potential turbulence ahead. When it falls, markets are expecting calmer conditions.
What makes CAPIVIX valuable is its methodology - we've adapted the widely-trusted VIX calculation approach to work specifically with cryptocurrency options. This gives you a standardized way to gauge market anxiety or confidence across different market conditions.
The index updates continuously throughout trading hours, incorporating real-time options pricing to reflect the market's evolving risk perception. For traders and investors looking to understand market sentiment beyond price movements alone, CAPIVIX provides that crucial additional dimension of market intelligence.
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📊 Market Coverage & Data Types: ◦ Real-time and historical data since 2010 (for chosen assets) ◦ Full order book depth (L2/L3) ◦ Trade-by-trade data ◦ OHLCV across multiple timeframes ◦ Market indexes (VWAP, PRIMKT) ◦ Exchange rates with fiat pairs ◦ Spot, futures, options, and perpetual contracts ◦ Coverage of 90%+ global trading volume ◦ Bitcoin Price Data
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Whether you're hedging positions, timing entries and exits, or just wanting to better understand market psychology, our Bitcoin and Ethereum volatility data offers valuable insights into what the market collectively expects in the weeks ahead.
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In March 2024 Bitcoin BTC reached a new all-time high with prices exceeding 73000 USD marking a milestone for the cryptocurrency market This surge was due to the approval of Bitcoin exchange-traded funds ETFs in the United States allowing investors to access Bitcoin without directly holding it This development increased Bitcoin’s credibility and brought fresh demand from institutional investors echoing previous price surges in 2021 when Tesla announced its 15 billion investment in Bitcoin and Coinbase was listed on the Nasdaq By the end of 2022 Bitcoin prices dropped sharply to 15000 USD following the collapse of cryptocurrency exchange FTX and its bankruptcy which caused a loss of confidence in the market By August 2024 Bitcoin rebounded to approximately 64178 USD but remained volatile due to inflation and interest rate hikes Unlike fiat currency like the US dollar Bitcoin’s supply is finite with 21 million coins as its maximum supply By September 2024 over 92 percent of Bitcoin had been mined Bitcoin’s value is tied to its scarcity and its mining process is regulated through halving events which cut the reward for mining every four years making it harder and more energy-intensive to mine The next halving event in 2024 will reduce the reward to 3125 BTC from its current 625 BTC The final Bitcoin is expected to be mined around 2140 The energy required to mine Bitcoin has led to criticisms about its environmental impact with estimates in 2021 suggesting that one Bitcoin transaction used as much energy as Argentina Bitcoin’s future price is difficult to predict due to the influence of large holders known as whales who own about 92 percent of all Bitcoin These whales can cause dramatic market swings by making large trades and many retail investors still dominate the market While institutional interest has grown it remains a small fraction compared to retail Bitcoin is vulnerable to external factors like regulatory changes and economic crises leading some to believe it is in a speculative bubble However others argue that Bitcoin is still in its early stages of adoption and will grow further as more institutions and governments recognize its potential as a hedge against inflation and a store of value 2024 has also seen the rise of Bitcoin Layer 2 technologies like the Lightning Network which improve scalability by enabling faster and cheaper transactions These innovations are crucial for Bitcoin’s wider adoption especially for day-to-day use and cross-border remittances At the same time central bank digital currencies CBDCs are gaining traction as several governments including China and the European Union have accelerated the development of their own state-controlled digital currencies while Bitcoin remains decentralized offering financial sovereignty for those who prefer independence from government control The rise of CBDCs is expected to increase interest in Bitcoin as a hedge against these centralized currencies Bitcoin’s journey in 2024 highlights its growing institutional acceptance alongside its inherent market volatility While the approval of Bitcoin ETFs has significantly boosted interest the market remains sensitive to events like exchange collapses and regulatory decisions With the limited supply of Bitcoin and improvements in its transaction efficiency it is expected to remain a key player in the financial world for years to come Whether Bitcoin is currently in a speculative bubble or on a sustainable path to greater adoption will ultimately be revealed over time.
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Figshare Dataset DescriptionTitle: The Economic Bomb Dataset: Bitcoin Volatility, Institutional Shorting, and ETF Outflows (2021–2024)Description:This dataset supports the research presented in The Economic Bomb: A Strategic Financial Warfare Tactic, which examines Bitcoin's volatility, institutional shorting, and the impact of ETF outflows on market behavior. Covering the period from January 2021 to December 2024, the dataset includes raw financial data, processed analytical outputs, and visualizations that illustrate volatility patterns, delayed market reactions, and potential price manipulation.The dataset is divided into the following components:Raw Data: Daily BTC price movements, ETF holdings and outflows, whale wallet transactions, and institutional shorting positions from Binance, Coinbase, Glassnode, and other sources.Processed Data: Calculated BTC returns, volatility measures, and sentiment scores from social media platforms such as Twitter, Reddit, Google News, and YouTube.Simulations: Monte Carlo simulations, Decker Sentiment-Short Interest Model (DSSIM), GARCH model forecasts, and VAR model analyses that quantify volatility clustering and delayed market responses.Visual Aids: Correlation matrices, heatmaps, and line charts that visualize key patterns, including volatility spikes following ETF outflows and whale wallet movements.This dataset is designed to support research into cryptocurrency volatility, institutional influence, and market manipulation. It is suitable for use in academic studies, financial modeling, and data-driven investment strategies. Detailed captions and preprocessing information are provided to ensure transparency and reproducibility.Keywords: Bitcoin Volatility, Institutional Shorting, ETF Outflows, Whale Wallet Movements, Cryptocurrency Market Manipulation, Monte Carlo Simulation, GARCH Model, VAR Model, Financial Data VisualizationLicense: CC BY 4.0 (Attribution required)DOI: 10.17632/xn9ws8x6j7.2Citation:Decker, Nicolin (2025), The Economic Bomb: A Strategic Financial Warfare Tactic, Mendeley Data, V2, DOI: 10.17632/xn9ws8x6j7.2, Available at SSRN: Link to SSRNContact: Nicolin Decker, Independent Researcher, Email: nicolindecker144@gmail.com
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This dataset, titled "Cryptocurrency Market Sentiment & Prediction," is a synthetic collection of real-time crypto market data designed for advanced analysis and predictive modeling. It captures a comprehensive range of features including price movements, social sentiment, news impact, and trading patterns for 10 major cryptocurrencies. Tailored for data scientists and analysts, this dataset is ideal for exploring market volatility, sentiment analysis, and price prediction, particularly in the context of significant events like the Bitcoin halving in 2024 and increasing institutional adoption.
Key Features Overview: - Price Movements: Tracks current prices and 24-hour price change percentages to reflect market dynamics. - Social Sentiment: Measures sentiment scores from social media platforms, ranging from -1 (negative) to 1 (positive), to gauge public perception. - News Sentiment and Impact: Evaluates sentiment from news sources and quantifies their potential impact on market behavior. - Trading Patterns: Includes data on 24-hour trading volumes and market capitalization, crucial for understanding market activity. - Technical Indicators: Features metrics like the Relative Strength Index (RSI), volatility index, and fear/greed index for in-depth technical analysis. - Prediction Confidence: Provides a confidence score for predictive models, aiding in assessing forecast reliability.
Purpose and Applications: - Perfect for machine learning tasks such as price prediction, sentiment-price correlation studies, and volatility classification. - Supports time series analysis for forecasting price movements and identifying volatility clusters. - Valuable for research into the influence of social media and news on cryptocurrency markets, especially during high-impact events.
Dataset Scope: - Covers a simulated 30-day period, offering a snapshot of market behavior under varying conditions. - Focuses on major cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cardano, Solana, and others, ensuring relevance to current market trends.
Dataset Structure Table:
Column Name | Description | Data Type | Range/Value Example |
---|---|---|---|
timestamp | Date and time of data record | datetime | Last 30 days (e.g., 2025-06-04 20:36:49) |
cryptocurrency | Name of the cryptocurrency | string | 10 major cryptos (e.g., Bitcoin) |
current_price_usd | Current trading price in USD | float | Market-realistic (e.g., 47418.4096) |
price_change_24h_percent | 24-hour price change percentage | float | -25% to +27% (e.g., 1.05) |
trading_volume_24h | 24-hour trading volume | float | Variable (e.g., 1800434.38) |
market_cap_usd | Market capitalization in USD | float | Calculated (e.g., 343755257516049.1) |
social_sentiment_score | Sentiment score from social media | float | -1 to 1 (e.g., -0.728) |
news_sentiment_score | Sentiment score from news sources | float | -1 to 1 (e.g., -0.274) |
news_impact_score | Quantified impact of news on market | float | 0 to 10 (e.g., 2.73) |
social_mentions_count | Number of mentions on social media | integer | Variable (e.g., 707) |
fear_greed_index | Market fear and greed index | float | 0 to 100 (e.g., 35.3) |
volatility_index | Price volatility index | float | 0 to 100 (e.g., 36.0) |
rsi_technical_indicator | Relative Strength Index | float | 0 to 100 (e.g., 58.3) |
prediction_confidence | Confidence level of predictive models | float | 0 to 100 (e.g., 88.7) |
Dataset Statistics Table:
Statistic | Value |
---|---|
Total Rows | 2,063 |
Total Columns | 14 |
Cryptocurrencies | 10 major tokens |
Time Range | Last 30 days |
File Format | CSV |
Data Quality | Realistic correlations between features |
This dataset is a powerful resource for machine learning projects, sentiment analysis, and crypto market research, providing a robust foundation for AI/ML model development and testing.
It is estimated that the cumulative market cap of cryptocurrencies increased in early 2023 after the downfall in November 2022 due to FTX. That value declined in the summer of 2023, however, as international uncertainty grew over a potential recession. Bitcoin's market cap comprised the majority of the overall market capitalization. What is market cap? Market capitalization is a financial measure typically used for publicly traded firms, computed by multiplying the share price by the number of outstanding shares. However, cryptocurrency analysts calculate it as the price of the virtual currencies times the number of coins in the market. This gives cryptocurrency investors an idea of the overall market size, and watching the evolution of the measure tells how much money is flowing in or out of each cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency as an investment The price of Bitcoin has been erratic, and most other cryptocurrencies follow its larger price swings. This volatility attracts investors who hope to buy when the price is low and sell at its peak, turning a profit. However, this does little for price stability. As such, few firms accept payment in cryptocurrencies. As of June 25, 2025, the cumulative market cap of cryptocurrencies reached a value of ******.
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This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.
Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)
Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)
Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)
Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators
Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles
Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)
Stock price prediction
Portfolio optimization
Algorithmic trading
Market sentiment analysis
Risk management
Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction
Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies
Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models
Students learning about machine learning and financial applications
The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)
Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training
Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data
Bitcoin's circulating supply has grown steadily since its inception in 2009, reaching over 19 million coins by early 2025. This gradual increase reflects the cryptocurrency's design, which put a limit of 21 million on the total number of bitcoins that can ever exist. This impacts the Bitcoin price somewhat, as its scarcity can lead to volatility on the market. Maximum supply and scarcity Bitcoin is unusual from other cryptocurrencies in that its maximum supply is getting closer. By 2025, more than 90 percent of all possible Bitcoin had been created. That said, Bitcoin's circulating supply is expected to reach its maximum around the year 2140. Meanwhile, mining becomes exponentially more difficult and energy-intensive. Institutional investors In 2025, countries like the United States openly started discussion the possibility of buying bitcoins to hold in reserve. By the time of writing, it was unclear whether this would happen. Nevertheless, institutional investors displayed more interest in the cryptocurrency than before. Certain companies owned several thousands of Bitcoin tokens in 2025, for example. This and the limited number of Bitcoin may further fuel price volatility.
This dataset provides a comprehensive historical record of Bitcoin price movements in USD over time. The data has been sourced from Yahoo Finance, a reputable financial data provider, and includes a range of valuable information for anyone interested in analyzing or understanding the cryptocurrency market.
1. Date:📅 This column represents the date of each recorded data point. It serves as the timestamp for each observation, allowing users to track Bitcoin's price changes over time.
2. Closing Price (USD):💰 The closing price is the last traded price of Bitcoin in USD at the end of each trading day. It is a crucial metric for investors and traders, as it reflects the market sentiment and overall performance for that specific day.
3. 24h Open (USD):🌄This column represents the opening price of Bitcoin in USD for the given 24-hour trading period. The opening price is the value at which Bitcoin started trading at the beginning of the day, and it can provide insights into market sentiment and potential price trends.
4. 24h High (USD):🚀 The 24-hour high price indicates the highest price level reached by Bitcoin in USD within the given 24-hour trading window. It is valuable for identifying the day's price volatility and potential price resistance levels.
5. 24h Low (USD):📉 This column represents the lowest price level Bitcoin reached in USD during the 24-hour trading period. The 24-hour low is crucial for identifying potential support levels and understanding the cryptocurrency's price range for the day.
Analyzing this dataset can offer insights into Bitcoin's historical price trends, volatility, and potential trading strategies. Researchers and analysts can use this data to perform technical and fundamental analyses, build predictive models, or gain a better understanding of the cryptocurrency market's behavior over time.
However, It's important to note that Bitcoin operates within an open market framework, and any analysis or strategies developed should not be considered as financial advice.
This dataset is your playground for building models, crafting algorithms, and enhancing your data analysis skills. Dive in, explore, and enjoy the learning process. Happy data exploration!🚀📈💡
The authors examine the relation between price returns and volatility changes in the Bitcoin market using a daily database denominated in various currencies. The results for the entire period provide no evidence of an asymmetric return-volatility relation in the Bitcoin market. They test if there is a difference in the return-volatility relation before and after the price crash of 2013 and show a significant inverse relation between past shocks and volatility before the crash and no significant relation after. This finding shows that, prior to the price crash of December 2013, positive shocks increased the conditional volatility more than negative shocks. This inverted asymmetric reaction of Bitcoin to positive and negative shocks is contrary to what the authors observe in equities. As leverage effect and volatility feedback don’t adequately explain this reaction, they propose the safe-haven effect (Baur, Asymmetric volatility in the gold market, 2012). The authors highlight the benefits of adding Bitcoin to a US equity portfolio, especially in the pre-crash period. Robustness analyses show, among others, a negative relation between the US implied volatility index (VIX) and Bitcoin volatility. Those additional analyses further support their findings and provide useful information for economic actors who are interested in adding Bitcoin to their equity portfolios or are curious about the capabilities of Bitcoin as a financial asset.
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On-Chain Metrics.xlsx contains a description of the on-chain metrics. Merged_df.xlsx is the main data source containing the BTC prices, the on-chain metrics and the sentiment scores. btc_twets_new.csv and training.1600000.processed.noemoticon.csv are the data sources for calculating the sentiment scores. Sentiment_Analysis.py contains the code to calculate the sentiment scores. The scores are in Merged_df.xlsx BTC_Prediction.py contains the implementation of the main approach described in the paper, especially in Fig. 11.
Our extensive historical database captures every significant market movement, from the earliest Bitcoin trades through today's crypto ecosystem, across 350+ global exchanges.
This rich historical dataset serves multiple critical functions: from enabling sophisticated strategy backtesting and long-term trend analysis to supporting academic research and trading pattern identification. Whether analyzing market volatility, studying price correlations, or conducting deep market research, our historical data provides the reliable foundation needed for meaningful cryptocurrency market analysis.
Why work with us?
Market Coverage & Data Types: - Real-time and historical data since 2010 (for chosen assets) - Full order book depth (L2/L3) - Tick-by-tick data - OHLCV across multiple timeframes - Market indexes (VWAP, PRIMKT) - Exchange rates with fiat pairs - Spot, futures, options, and perpetual contracts - Coverage of 90%+ global trading volume - Full Cryptocurrency Investor Data
Technical Excellence: - 99,9% uptime guarantee - Multiple delivery methods: REST, WebSocket, FIX, S3 - Standardized data format across exchanges - Ultra-low latency data streaming - Detailed documentation - Custom integration assistance
CoinAPI serves hundreds of institutions worldwide, from trading firms and hedge funds to research organizations and technology providers. Our commitment to data quality and technical excellence makes us the trusted choice for cryptocurrency market data needs.
Bitcoin (BTC) price again reached an all-time high in 2025, as values exceeded over 107,000 USD in June 2025. That particular price hike was connected to the approval of Bitcoin ETFs in the United States, whilst previous hikes in 2021 were due to events involving Tesla and Coinbase, respectively. Tesla’s announcement in March 2021 that it had acquired 1.5 billion U.S. dollars’ worth of the digital coin, for example, as well as the IPO of the U.S.’ biggest crypto exchange fueled mass interest. The market was noticeably different by the end of 2022, however, with Bitcoin prices reaching roughly 94,315.98 as of May 4, 2025, after another crypto exchange, FTX, filed for bankruptcy. Is the world running out of Bitcoin? Unlike fiat currency like the U.S. dollar - as the Federal Reserve can simply decide to print more banknotes - Bitcoin’s supply is finite: BTC has a maximum supply embedded in its design, of which roughly 89 percent had been reached in April 2021. It is believed that Bitcoin will run out by 2040, despite more powerful mining equipment. This is because mining becomes exponentially more difficult and power-hungry every four years, a part of Bitcoin’s original design. Because of this, a Bitcoin mining transaction could equal the energy consumption of a small country in 2021. Bitcoin’s price outlook: a potential bubble? Cryptocurrencies have few metrics available that allow for forecasting, if only because it is rumored that only a few cryptocurrency holders own a large portion of available supply. These large holders - referred to as “whales” - are said to make up of two percent of anonymous ownership accounts, whilst owning roughly 92 percent of BTC. On top of this, most people who use cryptocurrency-related services worldwide are retail clients rather than institutional investors. This means outlooks on whether Bitcoin prices will fall or grow are difficult to measure, as movements from one large whale already having a significant impact on this market.
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In 2023, the global Bitcoin information service market size was valued at approximately USD 1.2 billion and is expected to reach around USD 4.5 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.6% during the forecast period. The market growth is driven by the increasing adoption of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, necessitating reliable, real-time information for investors and institutions.
One of the primary growth factors for this market is the surge in cryptocurrency investments. As Bitcoin continues to establish itself as a digital asset, both individual and institutional investors are increasingly looking for trustworthy information sources to guide their investment decisions. The volatility and rapid price movements inherent in the cryptocurrency market make timely and accurate information essential, fueling demand for comprehensive Bitcoin information services.
Another significant growth factor is the regulatory environment evolving around cryptocurrencies. As governments and regulatory bodies worldwide begin to implement frameworks for cryptocurrency trading and investment, the need for up-to-date regulatory information becomes crucial. Bitcoin information services that offer insights into regulatory changes and compliance requirements are becoming indispensable for investors and financial institutions, further driving market growth.
The technological advancements in data analytics and artificial intelligence are also contributing to the market expansion. These technologies enable Bitcoin information services to provide more precise market predictions, trend analyses, and risk assessments. Enhanced data processing capabilities allow for real-time updates and personalized information delivery, making these services increasingly attractive to a broad user base.
Regionally, North America is expected to dominate the Bitcoin information service market, thanks to the high adoption rate of cryptocurrencies and advanced technological infrastructure. Europe and Asia Pacific follow closely, with significant contributions expected from countries like Germany, the United Kingdom, China, and Japan. In particular, Asia Pacific is projected to exhibit the highest CAGR due to the growing interest in Bitcoin and other digital assets among retail and institutional investors.
The Bitcoin information service market can be segmented by service type into News and Analysis, Market Data, Educational Resources, and Others. News and Analysis services are critical for investors looking to stay updated with the latest happenings in the Bitcoin world. These services offer real-time news updates, expert opinions, and in-depth analyses of market trends. The increasing complexity of the cryptocurrency market and the need for immediate, reliable information are driving the growth of this segment.
Market Data services provide detailed metrics and statistics about Bitcoin trading, such as price charts, trading volumes, and historical data. These services are essential for both individual and institutional investors who need accurate data to inform their trading strategies. The growing demand for sophisticated trading tools and the importance of data-driven decision-making are bolstering this segment.
Educational Resources include webinars, courses, e-books, and tutorials designed to help users understand Bitcoin and its underlying technology. As the adoption of Bitcoin continues to rise, there is a parallel need for education to help users navigate this complex field. Educational services are especially important for new investors and those looking to deepen their understanding of cryptocurrency markets.
Other services in this market may include forums, discussion boards, and social media platforms that allow users to share information and insights. These collaborative platforms are gaining popularity as they provide a space for real-time information exchange and community support. The growing interest in peer-to-peer information sharing and community-driven insights is expected to drive this segment's growth.
Attributes | Details |
CoinAPI delivers Crypto Options Data and derivatives information from major exchanges. Access real-time and historical crypto market data to analyze volatility, pricing trends, and open interest across option chains.
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This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.
Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)
Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)
Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)
Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators
Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles
Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)
Stock price prediction
Portfolio optimization
Algorithmic trading
Market sentiment analysis
Risk management
Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction
Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies
Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models
Students learning about machine learning and financial applications
The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)
Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training
Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
This study aims to analyze the impact of carbon emissions, cryptocurrency volatility, and macroeconomic factors on stock prices, stock valuations, and stock volatility in Indonesia. Employing a dynamic panel data approach and the two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the research estimates four primary models: (1) stock price, (2) price-to-earnings ratio, (3) stock return volatility, and (4) a moderation model evaluating the interaction between carbon emissions and macroeconomic variables. The analysis draws on panel data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period 2020–2024. The findings indicate that carbon emissions exert a significantly negative effect on stock valuations but do not directly influence stock prices or return volatility. The interaction between carbon emissions and macroeconomic variables is shown to be significant in explaining stock price dynamics, suggesting that economic conditions can amplify or mitigate market perceptions of environmental risks. The volatility of Bitcoin and Ethereum positively affects stock valuations, although it does not have a significant impact on stock prices or volatility. Macroeconomic factors such as exchange rates and global oil prices also exhibit significant effects on the stock market. Furthermore, the dividend payout ratio has a positive influence on stock prices and valuations, while dividend yield contributes to increased volatility. These findings have important implications for regulators, investors, companies, and capital market authorities in fostering a more resilient and sustainable financial system. This study also contributes to the literature on sustainable finance and digital finance in emerging markets.
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The global Bitcoin trading software market is experiencing robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of cryptocurrencies and the rising demand for sophisticated trading tools. While precise figures for market size and CAGR aren't provided, based on industry analysis of similar FinTech sectors showing average CAGRs between 15-25% and considering the volatile yet expanding cryptocurrency market, we can reasonably estimate the 2025 market size to be approximately $2.5 billion. This estimation reflects the substantial investment in cryptocurrency infrastructure and the growing number of both institutional and retail investors actively trading Bitcoin. The market is segmented by deployment type (local vs. cloud-based) and user type (business vs. personal), with cloud-based solutions gaining significant traction due to their scalability and accessibility. Key trends include the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for automated trading, enhanced security features to mitigate risks, and the development of user-friendly interfaces to attract a wider range of users. Growth is further fueled by increasing regulatory clarity in some jurisdictions, though regulatory uncertainty remains a significant restraint in others, alongside security concerns and the inherent volatility of the Bitcoin market itself. The projected CAGR for the forecast period (2025-2033) is estimated to be around 20%, indicating continued strong market expansion. This growth is fueled by several factors: the maturation of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, increasing institutional investment, and the ongoing development of innovative trading software incorporating advanced analytics and risk management tools. However, competitive pressures from established players and emerging startups will shape the market landscape, necessitating continuous innovation and adaptation. Geographic expansion, particularly in developing economies with growing internet penetration and cryptocurrency adoption, presents a significant opportunity for market players. Nevertheless, the inherent risks associated with cryptocurrency trading, including price volatility and potential security breaches, will continue to influence market dynamics.
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This dataset contains historical price data for Bitcoin (BTC) against the U.S. Dollar (USD), spanning from June 2010 to November 2024. The data is organized on a daily basis and includes key market metrics such as the opening price, closing price, high, low, volume, and market capitalization for each day.
Columns: The dataset consists of the following columns:
Date: The date of the recorded data point (format: YYYY-MM-DD). Open: The opening price of Bitcoin on that day. High: The highest price Bitcoin reached on that day. Low: The lowest price Bitcoin reached on that day. Close: The closing price of Bitcoin on that day. Volume: The total trading volume of Bitcoin during that day. Market Cap: The total market capitalization of Bitcoin on that day (calculated by multiplying the closing price by the circulating supply of Bitcoin at the time). Source: The data is sourced from Yahoo Finance.
Time Period: The data spans from June 2010, when Bitcoin first began trading, to November 2024. This provides a comprehensive view of Bitcoin’s historical price movements, from its early days of trading at a fraction of a cent to its more recent valuation in the thousands of dollars.
Use Cases:
This dataset is valuable for a variety of purposes, including:
Time Series Analysis: Analyze Bitcoin price movements, identify trends, and develop predictive models for future prices. Financial Modeling: Use the dataset to assess Bitcoin as an asset class, model its volatility, or simulate investment strategies. Machine Learning: Train machine learning algorithms to forecast Bitcoin’s future price or predict market trends based on historical data. Economic Research: Study the impact of global events on Bitcoin’s price, such as regulatory changes, technological developments, or macroeconomic factors. Visualization: Generate visualizations of Bitcoin price trends, trading volume, and market capitalization over time.
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The Bitcoin technology market, valued at $282.3 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of cryptocurrencies across diverse sectors. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.7% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a significant expansion in market size over the forecast period. Key drivers include the growing demand for secure and transparent transactions, particularly in e-commerce and the burgeoning DeFi (Decentralized Finance) space. The rising popularity of Bitcoin as a store of value and hedge against inflation also contributes to market growth. While regulatory uncertainty and volatility remain restraining factors, innovative advancements in Bitcoin technology, such as the Lightning Network for faster and cheaper transactions, are mitigating these challenges. Market segmentation reveals a strong presence across applications like e-commerce, entertainment, and BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance), with payment and wallet services leading the types segment. Geographical analysis highlights a significant concentration in North America and Europe, with Asia Pacific emerging as a key growth region, fueled by increasing digital literacy and cryptocurrency adoption in countries like India and China. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of established players like Coinbase and Bitfinex, and innovative startups, creating a dynamic and evolving market. The future of Bitcoin technology hinges on addressing scalability and regulatory challenges while continuing to innovate. Further development of user-friendly interfaces and educational initiatives aimed at increasing public understanding are crucial for mainstream adoption. The integration of Bitcoin technology with existing financial infrastructures and the exploration of its potential in areas such as supply chain management and digital identity verification are expected to shape future market dynamics. The projected growth trajectory suggests a promising outlook for Bitcoin technology, albeit with inherent risks associated with the volatile nature of the cryptocurrency market. The ongoing evolution of the technology and the regulatory landscape will continuously shape its future trajectory and market opportunities.
Price swings of Bitcoin increased substantially in November 2022, recording a 10-day volatility of more than *** percent. Measured in a metric called volatility, the percentage shown here reflect how much the price of BTC in U.S. dollars changed historically over a preceding 7-day window. Changes can be either up or down, with a higher volatility reflecting that an asset is more risky, as price movements are less easy to predict and can swing in any direction. The volatility metric referred to here is called "realized volatility", otherwise known as "historic volatility" and describes these price swings over a given period of time - and consequently is not looking into the future. Despite the rise of several cryptocurrencies since 2021, Bitcoin still had the highest market share ("dominance") of all cryptocurrencies in 2022.