53 datasets found
  1. Average adult BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by gender

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 14, 2019
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    Statista (2019). Average adult BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by gender [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/955088/adult-bmi-average-us-by-gender/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 14, 2019
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    1999 - 2016
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    This statistic depicts the average body mass index (BMI) of U.S. adults aged 20 years and over as of 2016, by gender. According to the data, the average male BMI has increased from 27.8 in 1999-2000 to 29.1 as of 2015-2016.

  2. Average adult female BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by ethnicity

    • statista.com
    Updated Jul 10, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Average adult female BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by ethnicity [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/955085/adult-female-bmi-average-us-by-ethnicity/
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 10, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    1999 - 2016
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    This statistic depicts the average body mass index (BMI) of U.S. females aged 20 years and over from 1999 to 2016, by ethnicity. According to the data, the average female BMI for those that identified as white was **** in 1999-2000 and increased to **** as of 2015-2016.

  3. Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by...

    • catalog.data.gov
    • data.virginia.gov
    • +4more
    Updated Apr 23, 2025
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    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2025). Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States [Dataset]. https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among-adults-aged-20-and-over-by-selected-characteris-8e2b1
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 23, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    Centers for Disease Control and Preventionhttp://www.cdc.gov/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Data on normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over by selected population characteristics. Please refer to the PDF or Excel version of this table in the HUS 2019 Data Finder (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/contents2019.htm) for critical information about measures, definitions, and changes over time. SOURCE: NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. For more information on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, see the corresponding Appendix entry at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus19-appendix-508.pdf.

  4. U.S. adults average self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024

    • ai-chatbox.pro
    • statista.com
    Updated May 31, 2025
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    John Elflein (2025). U.S. adults average self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024 [Dataset]. https://www.ai-chatbox.pro/?_=%2Fstudy%2F11575%2Fobesity-and-overweight-statista-dossier%2F%23XgboD02vawLZsmJjSPEePEUG%2FVFd%2Bik%3D
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    Dataset updated
    May 31, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Authors
    John Elflein
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Surveys in which U.S. adults report their current weight have shown that the share of those reporting they weigh 200 pounds or more has increased over the past few decades. In 2024, around 28 percent of respondents reported their weight as 200 pounds or more, compared to 15 percent in 1990. However, the same surveys show the share of respondents who report they are overweight has decreased compared to figures from 1990. What percentage of the U.S. population is obese? Obesity is an increasing problem in the United States that is expected to become worse in the coming decades. As of 2023, around one third of adults in the United States were considered obese. Obesity is slightly more prevalent among women in the United States, and rates of obesity differ greatly by region and state. For example, in West Virginia, around 41 percent of adults are obese, compared to 25 percent in Colorado. However, although Colorado is the state with the lowest prevalence of obesity among adults, a quarter of the adult population being obese is still shockingly high. The health impacts of being obese Obesity increases the risk of developing a number of health conditions including high blood pressure, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. It is no coincidence that the states with the highest rates of hypertension are also among the states with the highest prevalence of obesity. West Virginia currently has the third highest rate of hypertension in the U.S. with 45 percent of adults with the condition. It is also no coincidence that as rates of obesity in the United States have increased so have rates of diabetes. As of 2022, around 8.4 percent of adults in the United States had been diagnosed with diabetes, compared to six percent in the year 2000. Obesity can be prevented through a healthy diet and regular exercise, which also increases overall health and longevity.

  5. DEV DQS Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and...

    • healthdata.gov
    • data.virginia.gov
    application/rdfxml +5
    Updated Jun 26, 2025
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    data.cdc.gov (2025). DEV DQS Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States [Dataset]. https://healthdata.gov/CDC/DEV-DQS-Normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among/qg9i-5hry
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    xml, application/rdfxml, application/rssxml, csv, json, tsvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 26, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    data.cdc.gov
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Data on overweight and obesity among adults aged 20 and over in the United States, by selected characteristics, including sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and poverty level. Data are from Health, United States. SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Search, visualize, and download these and other estimates from over 120 health topics with the NCHS Data Query System (DQS), available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/dataquery/index.htm.

  6. T

    Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by...

    • datahub.hhs.gov
    application/rdfxml +5
    Updated Jun 16, 2021
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    data.cdc.gov (2021). Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States [Dataset]. https://datahub.hhs.gov/CDC/Normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among-adults-/c8wy-f8ar
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    xml, application/rdfxml, csv, application/rssxml, tsv, jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 16, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    data.cdc.gov
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Data on normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over by selected population characteristics. Please refer to the PDF or Excel version of this table in the HUS 2019 Data Finder (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/contents2019.htm) for critical information about measures, definitions, and changes over time.

    SOURCE: NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. For more information on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, see the corresponding Appendix entry at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus19-appendix-508.pdf.

  7. Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by...

    • res1catalogd-o-tdatad-o-tgov.vcapture.xyz
    Updated Apr 23, 2025
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    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2025). Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States [Dataset]. https://res1catalogd-o-tdatad-o-tgov.vcapture.xyz/dataset/normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among-adults-aged-20-and-over-by-selected-characteris-8e2b1
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 23, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    Centers for Disease Control and Preventionhttp://www.cdc.gov/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Data on normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over by selected population characteristics. Please refer to the PDF or Excel version of this table in the HUS 2019 Data Finder (https://res1wwwd-o-tcdcd-o-tgov.vcapture.xyz/nchs/hus/contents2019.htm) for critical information about measures, definitions, and changes over time. SOURCE: NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. For more information on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, see the corresponding Appendix entry at https://res1wwwd-o-tcdcd-o-tgov.vcapture.xyz/nchs/data/hus/hus19-appendix-508.pdf.

  8. Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by...

    • healthdata.gov
    application/rdfxml +5
    Updated Jul 16, 2025
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    (2025). Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States - c8wy-f8ar - Archive Repository [Dataset]. https://healthdata.gov/dataset/Normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among-adults-/p3y8-wdkq
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    csv, application/rssxml, json, xml, application/rdfxml, tsvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 16, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    This dataset tracks the updates made on the dataset "Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States" as a repository for previous versions of the data and metadata.

  9. U.S. men average self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024

    • statista.com
    Updated Mar 10, 2025
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    Statista (2025). U.S. men average self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1449315/us-men-average-self-reported-weight-by-gender/
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    Dataset updated
    Mar 10, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    In 2024, around 40 percent of U.S. men reported weighing 200 pounds or more. This statistic shows the average self-reported weight among U.S. men from 1990 to 2024.

  10. Data from: Supplementary information files for Height and body-mass index...

    • search.datacite.org
    Updated Nov 16, 2020
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    Oonagh Markey (2020). Supplementary information files for Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.17028/rd.lboro.13241105
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    Dataset updated
    Nov 16, 2020
    Dataset provided by
    DataCitehttps://www.datacite.org/
    Loughborough University
    Authors
    Oonagh Markey
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    Supplementary files for article Supplementary information files for Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants.
    BackgroundComparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents.
    MethodsFor this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence.
    FindingsWe pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls.
    InterpretationThe height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks.

  11. f

    Mean levels (or prevalence) of various measures of body size among 6- to...

    • plos.figshare.com
    xls
    Updated Jun 1, 2023
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    David S. Freedman; Brian K. Kit; Earl S. Ford (2023). Mean levels (or prevalence) of various measures of body size among 6- to 19-year-olds from 1988–94 through 2011–12. [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141056.t001
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    xlsAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 1, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    PLOS ONE
    Authors
    David S. Freedman; Brian K. Kit; Earl S. Ford
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    a Values are mean ± SE or prevalence (95% CI)b Based on a BMI-for-age ≥ 95th percentile of the 2000 CDC Growth Charts (reference #31) or a BMI≥ 30 kg/m2Mean levels (or prevalence) of various measures of body size among 6- to 19-year-olds from 1988–94 through 2011–12.

  12. f

    Additional file 8: Table S6. of Multiethnic genome-wide association study...

    • springernature.figshare.com
    xlsx
    Updated Jun 15, 2023
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    Yasmmyn Salinas; Leyao Wang; Andrew DeWan (2023). Additional file 8: Table S6. of Multiethnic genome-wide association study identifies ethnic-specific associations with body mass index in Hispanics and African Americans [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3630572_D5.v1
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    xlsxAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 15, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    figshare
    Authors
    Yasmmyn Salinas; Leyao Wang; Andrew DeWan
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    Average BMI by genotype for rs12255372 in MESA and WHI Hispanics. (XLSX 39 kb)

  13. Race/ethnic- and sex-specific demographics for n = 21,220 NHANES (2007–12)...

    • plos.figshare.com
    xls
    Updated May 31, 2023
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    Christy L. Avery; Katelyn M. Holliday; Sujatro Chakladar; Joseph C. Engeda; Shakia T. Hardy; Jared P. Reis; Pamela J. Schreiner; Christina M. Shay; Martha L. Daviglus; Gerardo Heiss; Dan Yu Lin; Donglin Zeng (2023). Race/ethnic- and sex-specific demographics for n = 21,220 NHANES (2007–12) participants 2–80 years of age used to characterize the age-specific net probability of transitioning between normal weight, overweight, and obesity. [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158025.t001
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    xlsAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    May 31, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    PLOShttp://plos.org/
    Authors
    Christy L. Avery; Katelyn M. Holliday; Sujatro Chakladar; Joseph C. Engeda; Shakia T. Hardy; Jared P. Reis; Pamela J. Schreiner; Christina M. Shay; Martha L. Daviglus; Gerardo Heiss; Dan Yu Lin; Donglin Zeng
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    BMI, body mass index; N, unweighted number; IQR, interquartile range.

  14. f

    Additional file 13: Table S10. of Multiethnic genome-wide association study...

    • springernature.figshare.com
    xlsx
    Updated Jun 1, 2023
    + more versions
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    Yasmmyn Salinas; Leyao Wang; Andrew DeWan (2023). Additional file 13: Table S10. of Multiethnic genome-wide association study identifies ethnic-specific associations with body mass index in Hispanics and African Americans [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3630572_D10.v1
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    xlsxAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 1, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    figshare
    Authors
    Yasmmyn Salinas; Leyao Wang; Andrew DeWan
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    Average BMI by genotype for the top candidate SNP in each MESA ethnic group. (XLSX 41 kb)

  15. DQS Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by...

    • healthdata.gov
    application/rdfxml +5
    Updated Jul 11, 2025
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    (2025). DQS Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States - ipzi-qkxg - Archive Repository [Dataset]. https://healthdata.gov/dataset/DQS-Normal-weight-overweight-and-obesity-among-adu/hm5r-unyb
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    application/rdfxml, xml, tsv, json, csv, application/rssxmlAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 11, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    This dataset tracks the updates made on the dataset "DQS Normal weight, overweight, and obesity among adults aged 20 and over, by selected characteristics: United States" as a repository for previous versions of the data and metadata.

  16. f

    Assessing the Online Social Environment for Surveillance of Obesity...

    • figshare.com
    • plos.figshare.com
    tiff
    Updated Jan 18, 2016
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    Rumi Chunara; Lindsay Bouton; John W. Ayers; John S. Brownstein (2016). Assessing the Online Social Environment for Surveillance of Obesity Prevalence [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061373
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    tiffAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jan 18, 2016
    Dataset provided by
    PLOS ONE
    Authors
    Rumi Chunara; Lindsay Bouton; John W. Ayers; John S. Brownstein
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    BackgroundUnderstanding the social environmental around obesity has been limited by available data. One promising approach used to bridge similar gaps elsewhere is to use passively generated digital data.PurposeThis article explores the relationship between online social environment via web-based social networks and population obesity prevalence.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study using linear regression and cross validation to measure the relationship and predictive performance of user interests on the online social network Facebook to obesity prevalence in metros across the United States of America (USA) and neighborhoods within New York City (NYC). The outcomes, proportion of obese and/or overweight population in USA metros and NYC neighborhoods, were obtained via the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance and NYC EpiQuery systems. Predictors were geographically specific proportion of users with activity-related and sedentary-related interests on Facebook.ResultsHigher proportion of the population with activity-related interests on Facebook was associated with a significant 12.0% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 11.9 to 12.1) lower predicted prevalence of obese and/or overweight people across USA metros and 7.2% (95% CI: 6.8 to 7.7) across NYC neighborhoods. Conversely, greater proportion of the population with interest in television was associated with higher prevalence of obese and/or overweight people of 3.9% (95% CI: 3.7 to 4.0) (USA) and 27.5% (95% CI: 27.1 to 27.9, significant) (NYC). For activity-interests and national obesity outcomes, the average root mean square prediction error from 10-fold cross validation was comparable to the average root mean square error of a model developed using the entire data set.ConclusionsActivity-related interests across the USA and sedentary-related interests across NYC were significantly associated with obesity prevalence. Further research is needed to understand how the online social environment relates to health outcomes and how it can be used to identify or target interventions.

  17. U.S. adults mean self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024, by gender

    • statista.com
    Updated Mar 10, 2025
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    Statista (2025). U.S. adults mean self-reported weight from 1990 to 2024, by gender [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1449317/us-adults-mean-self-reported-weight-by-gender/
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    Dataset updated
    Mar 10, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    In 2024, the mean average weight reported by men was 195 pounds, while the mean average weight for women was 164 pounds. This statistic shows the mean self-reported weight among U.S. adults from 1990 to 2024, by gender, in pounds.

  18. Table S1 - Average Values and Racial Differences of Neutrophil Lymphocyte...

    • plos.figshare.com
    docx
    Updated Jun 1, 2023
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    Basem Azab; Marlene Camacho-Rivera; Emanuela Taioli (2023). Table S1 - Average Values and Racial Differences of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio among a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Subjects [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112361.s001
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    docxAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 1, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    PLOShttp://plos.org/
    Authors
    Basem Azab; Marlene Camacho-Rivera; Emanuela Taioli
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Mean Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, and NLR values according to demographic and clinical characteristics for children age 2–18 years (n = 5286) - NHANES data set. (DOCX)

  19. n

    Data from: Calorie restriction and pravastatin administration during...

    • data.niaid.nih.gov
    • search.dataone.org
    • +1more
    zip
    Updated May 4, 2023
    + more versions
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    Yu Hasegawa; Carolyn Slupsky (2023). Calorie restriction and pravastatin administration during pregnancy in obese rhesus macaques modulates maternal and infant metabolism and infant brain and behavioral development [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.6hdr7sr43
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    zipAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    May 4, 2023
    Dataset provided by
    University of Wisconsin–Madison
    University of California, Davis
    Authors
    Yu Hasegawa; Carolyn Slupsky
    License

    https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.htmlhttps://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html

    Description

    Maternal obesity has been associated with a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications in mothers and offspring; however, effective interventions have not yet been developed. We tested two common interventions, calorie restriction and pravastatin administration, during pregnancy in a rhesus macaque model with the hypothesis that these interventions would normalize metabolic dysregulation in pregnant mothers leading to an improvement in infant metabolic and cognitive/social development. A total of 19 obese mothers were assigned to either one of the two intervention groups (n=5 for calorie restriction; n=7 for pravastatin) or an obese control group (n=7) with no intervention, and maternal gestational samples and postnatal infant samples were compared with lean control mothers (n=6). Gestational calorie restriction normalized one-carbon metabolism dysregulation in obese mothers but altered energy metabolism in their offspring. Although administration of pravastatin during pregnancy tended to normalize blood cholesterol in the mothers, it potentially impacted the gut microbiome and kidney function of their offspring. In the offspring, both calorie restriction and pravastatin administration during pregnancy tended to normalize the activity of AMPK in the brain at 6 months, and while results of the Visual Paired-Comparison test, which measures infant recognition memory, were not significantly impacted by either of the interventions, gestational pravastatin administration, but not calorie restriction, tended to normalize anxiety assessed by the Human Intruder test. Although the two interventions tested in a non-human primate model led to some improvements in metabolism and/or infant brain development, negative impacts were also found in both mothers and infants. Our study emphasizes the importance of assessing gestational interventions for maternal obesity on both maternal and offspring long-term outcomes. Methods Study population Pregnant female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from an indoor breeding colony at the California National Primate Research Center with appropriate social behavior and previous successful pregnancies were enrolled. Animal handling was approved by the UC Davis Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) (#19299). A qualitative real-time PCR assay (Jimenez & Tarantal, 2003) was used to identify mothers with male fetuses to include in this study. Since obesity is defined as subjects with body fat above 30% for women, according to guidelines from the American Society of Bariatric Physicians, American Medical Association, and in some publications (Okorodudu et al., 2010; Shah & Braverman, 2012), a Body Condition Score (BCS) of 3.5 (32.8 % body fat on average (Summers et al., 2012)) was used as the cutoff. Therefore, mothers with BCS of 3.5 and above were categorized as obese. Obese mothers were randomly assigned to the Obese Control (OC) group, OR group (received calorie Restriction), or OP group (received Pravastatin). Mothers with BCS of 2.5 and below were assigned to the Lean Control (LC) group. The unbalanced sample size was because some mothers were removed from the analyses due to fetal deaths for unknown reasons, misidentification of a female fetus, different timing for study enrollment, or technical issues upon collecting samples. The number of animals was six for the LC, seven for the OC, five for the OR, and seven for the OP groups. Feeding, rearing, and interventions Adult female animals were provided monkey diet (High Protein Primate Diet Jumbo #5047; LabDiet, St. Louis, MO, USA) twice a day between 6–9 am and 1–3 pm. The calories were provided as 56% from carbohydrates, 30% from protein, and 13% from. Mothers in the LC, OC, and OP groups were fed nine biscuits twice a day once pregnancy was confirmed. Mothers in the OR group received a restricted supply of food once the pregnancy was detected and was maintained throughout pregnancy. The food restriction was set such that the average total weight increase would be 8% body weight from the last day before conception because the recommended total weight gain in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters is 5-9 kg for the average US woman with obesity who weighs 80 kg and is 1.6 m in height (Body Mass Index of 30), according to the Institute of Medicine 2009 guidelines (Institute of Medicine and National Research Council, 2009). During nursing of infants older than 4 months, all mothers were provided twelve biscuits. Fresh produce was provided biweekly, and water was provided ad libitum for all mothers. Mothers in the OP group were given pravastatin sodium (ApexBio Technology, Houston, TX, USA) at 20 mg/kg body weight prepared in a neutralized syrup (20 mg/mL sodium bicarbonate dissolved in a fruit-flavored syrup (Torani, San Leandro, CA, USA)) once a day from the time pregnancy was confirmed until delivery. The caloric value of the administration was made so as not to influence body weight or skew nutritional value of the diet among all treatment groups. Both interventions were applied only during gestation. Although most mothers were allowed to deliver naturally, cesarean delivery was performed for fetal indications when recommended by veterinarians (2 for each of the LC and OC groups, and 1 for the OP group). These mothers did not accept their infant following birth, so foster mothers were provided. Sample Collection and pre-processing prior to sample storage The animal caretakers and researchers who collected samples were blinded for group assignment by coding all animals by IDs. The collected biological samples were randomized by using random numbers and the group assignment was blinded during the data collection. Both mothers (during pregnancy) and infants were weighed every week. One day before sample collection, food was removed 30 min after the afternoon feeding, and biological samples were collected prior to the morning feeding. To collect biological samples, animals were anesthetized using 5–30 mg/kg ketamine or 5–8 mg/kg telazol. Both maternal and infant blood was collected using 5 mL lavender top (EDTA) tubes (Monoject, Cardinal Health, Dublin, OH, USA) and urine was collected from the bladder by ultrasound-guided transabdominal cystotomy using a 22-gauge needle and stored in a 15 mL Falcon tube. A placental sample was collected at GD150 transabdominally under ultrasound guidance using an 18-gauge needle attached to a sterile syringe. Sample processing was as previously described in (Hasegawa et al., 2022). Necropsy was conducted between 9:30 am–1:30 pm. First, infants at the age of PD180 were fasted and anesthetized with ketamine, and plasma and urine were collected. Then, euthanasia was performed with 120 mg/kg pentobarbital, followed by heparin injection, clamping of the descending aorta, and flushing with saline until clear. The kidney and brain (amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex) were collected, weighed, and immediately frozen on dry ice or liquid nitrogen to store at -80 °C until further analyses. Metabolite extraction and analysis by 1H NMR, and measurement of insulin, cholesterol, cytokine, and cortisol Detailed procedures were previously described (Hasegawa et al., 2022). Briefly, plasma and urine samples were filtered using Amicon Ultra Centrifugal Filter (3k molecular weight cutoff; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), and the supernatant was used for analysis. For both the placental and brain tissue samples, polar metabolites were extracted using our previously reported method (Hasegawa et al., 2020). A total of 180 μL of sample (tissue extract or filtered urine or serum) was transferred to 3 mm Bruker NMR tubes (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). Within 24 h of sample preparation, all 1H NMR spectra were acquired using the noesypr1d pulse sequence on a Bruker Avance 600 MHz NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) (O’Sullivan et al., 2013). Chenomx NMRSuite (version 8.1, Chenomx Inc., Edmonton, Canada) (Weljie et al., 2006) was used to identify and quantify metabolites. Heparin-treated plasma samples were used to measure insulin and 17 cytokines and chemokines (hs-CRP, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IFN-γ, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12/23 p40, IL-13, IL-15, and IL-17A) using a multiplex Bead-Based Kit (Millipore) on a Bio-Plex 100 (Bio-rad, Hercules, CA) following the manufacturer’s protocol. For each sample, a minimum of fifty beads per region were collected and analyzed with Bio-Plex Manager software using a 5-point standard curve with immune marker quantities extrapolated based on the standard curve. Two samples were removed for analysis of TNF-α and IL-1ra as technical errors (both from Animal ID 1132103: 895.2 and 1115.1 pg/mL at gestational days (GD) 90; 510.8 and 617.2 pg/mL at GD120, respectively). Plasma cholesterol level was measured by Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Product (OSR6116) on Beckman Coulter AU480 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA). Infant plasma cortisol level at PD110 was assessed as previously described (Vandeleest et al., 2019; Walker et al., 2018). In short, infants were transferred to a test room at 9 am and blood was drawn at 11 am (Sample 1), followed by another blood collection at 4 pm (Sample 2) and intramuscular injection of 500 μg/kg dexamethasone (Dex) (American Regent Laboratories, Inc., Shirley, NY). On the next day, a blood sample was collected at 8:30 am (Sample 3), and then 2.5 IU of adrenocorticotropic hormone (Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Rancho Cucamonga, CA) was injected intramuscularly. The last blood was collected (Sample 4) 30 min after adrenocorticotropic hormone injection. The collected blood samples were processed and stored, and cortisol concentration was assessed by a chemiluminescent assay on the ADVIA Centaur CP platform

  20. Overweight and obesity in the U.S. by leading states 2018

    • statista.com
    Updated Jul 8, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Overweight and obesity in the U.S. by leading states 2018 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/266152/people-who-are-overweight-or-obese-in-selected-us-states/
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 8, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    2018
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    In Mississippi, over ***** out of ten adults were reported to be either overweight or obese in 2018, making it the leading U.S. state that year. Other prominent states, in terms of overweight and obesity, included Arkansas in ******, Oklahoma in *******, and Louisiana in ***** place.

    Corpulence per state

    When it comes to obesity, specifically, percentages were still very high for certain states. Almost forty percent of West Virginia’s population was obese in 2018. Colorado, Hawaii, and California were some of the healthier states that year, with obesity rates between ** and ** percent. The average for the country itself stood at just over ** percent.

    Obesity-related health problems

    Being obese can lead to various health-related complications, such as diabetes and diseases of the heart. In 2017, almost ** people per 100,000 died of diabetes mellitus in the United States. In the same year, roughly *** per 100,000 Americans died of heart disease. While the number of deaths caused by heart disease has decreased significantly over the past sixty to seventy years, it is still one of the leading causes of death in the country.

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Statista (2019). Average adult BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by gender [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/955088/adult-bmi-average-us-by-gender/
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Average adult BMI in the U.S. from 1999 to 2016, by gender

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Dataset updated
Jan 14, 2019
Dataset authored and provided by
Statistahttp://statista.com/
Time period covered
1999 - 2016
Area covered
United States
Description

This statistic depicts the average body mass index (BMI) of U.S. adults aged 20 years and over as of 2016, by gender. According to the data, the average male BMI has increased from 27.8 in 1999-2000 to 29.1 as of 2015-2016.

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