This dataset provides information on labor demand and supply in the three metropolitan areas of Bolivia’s central axis. Labor demand data comes from two surveys conducted with companies in 2015 and 2016. Labor supply data comes from a census of university training centers (both professional and technical levels) and a survey of technical institutes.

In 2025, Bolivia scored **** on the gender gap index area of economic participation and opportunity. This means that women are at a ** percent disadvantage in this area in comparison to men. Moreover, the South American country had a score of **** in estimated earned income, which shows that, on average, women in Bolivia earn ** percent of the income earned by men. Overall, Bolivia scored **** in the gender gap index.

In 2014, the Inter-American Development Bank began work to design a survey to obtain information on the Bolivian labor market, which was conducted in 2015 and 2016 in the metropolitan areas of La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz. This database is an update of the data for the cities of La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz. The data correspond to the year 2022 and come from a survey conducted by the Center for Information and Statistics Generation (CEGIE) of the Universidad Privada Boliviana (UPB) in the second half of 2022 and the first four months of 2023. The data were published in Urquidi et al (2023) Labor market survey in Bolivia: demand 2022 available at http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005213. The objective of the survey was to obtain information that, on the one hand, allows a general characterization of companies small, medium and large; and, on the other hand, facilitate the characterization of their workforce, including hiring and dismissal dynamics. Finally, the aim was to obtain the skills and training requirements of the human resources they employ.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force: Female: % of Total Labour Force data was reported at 46.239 % in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 46.081 % for 2023. Bolivia BO: Labour Force: Female: % of Total Labour Force data is updated yearly, averaging 41.893 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.239 % in 2024 and a record low of 41.054 % in 1990. Bolivia BO: Labour Force: Female: % of Total Labour Force data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.;World Bank, World Development Indicators database. Estimates are based on data obtained from International Labour Organization and United Nations Population Division.;Weighted average;

The database includes information on the evolution of the number of undergraduate students at universities along the central axis of Bolivia between the periods 2020-2021, according to the type of enrollment (new, enrolled, and graduates). For each of these groups, the evolution of the number of students was shown according to the legal nature of the university, the department, and the area of ​​knowledge. On the other hand, the same information was included for students at technical-level universities. This information allows us to characterize the number and distribution of professionals from both public and private universities in the central axis of the country. The data corresponds to the publication: Urquidi et al. (2023). Labor market survey in Bolivia: Supply 2022 at http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005374

Bolivia Adequacy: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Total Welfare of Beneficiary Households data was reported at 1.203 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.197 % for 2017. Bolivia Adequacy: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Total Welfare of Beneficiary Households data is updated yearly, averaging 1.200 % from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2019, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.203 % in 2019 and a record low of 1.197 % in 2017. Bolivia Adequacy: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Total Welfare of Beneficiary Households data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Social: Social Protection and Insurance. Adequacy of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) is measured by the total transfer amount received by the population participating in unemployment benefits and active labor market programs as a share of their total welfare. Welfare is defined as the total income or total expenditure of beneficiary households. Unemployment benefits and active labor market programs include unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.;ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/);;

This dataset includes data for an analysis of labor demand characteristics and workforce training needs in the metropolitan areas of La Paz-El Alto, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz—large cities in Bolivia (Related publication only available in Spanish). This information is contrasted with a sample from intermediate and small cities in the country. Labor demand data for large cities comes from a survey of companies conducted in 2015 and 2016, while data for intermediate and small cities is derived from a survey conducted between 2016 and 2017. The document presents key findings on the productive characteristics of cities, company profiles, and workforce dynamics, including recruitment and selection processes, employee turnover, reasons for dismissals, training, demand for and valuation of skills, among other factors. Finally, it outlines policy implications for Bolivia’s labor market.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data was reported at 85.243 % in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 84.731 % for 2023. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data is updated yearly, averaging 72.852 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.243 % in 2024 and a record low of 67.668 % in 1990. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is calculated by dividing female labor force participation rate by male labor force participation rate and multiplying by 100.;World Bank, World Development Indicators database. Estimates are based on data obtained from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT at https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;National estimates are also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

The database presents the results of the process of searching for documents and bibliography on the analysis of the characteristics and situation of the labor market in Bolivia. This version includes documents published up to 2018, which address the Bolivian reality in this area. In addition, some regional documents have been incorporated that offer relevant data or references on Bolivia or the Andean region.

The data comes from a survey carried out on a sample of 25 intermediate and small cities in Bolivia, carried out in the period 2022. This updates the data from the labor market survey carried out in 2017 in intermediate and small cities that was used for this same analysis in 2020. The main characteristics of companies and the workforce in a post-pandemic context are described, and the training challenges facing the Bolivian labor market are identified. Information on the employment prospects of students in their last year of high school is also included.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data was reported at 84.496 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 84.036 % for 2021. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data is updated yearly, averaging 73.666 % from Dec 1976 (Median) to 2022, with 39 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 84.496 % in 2022 and a record low of 25.936 % in 1976. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Ratio of Female to Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is calculated by dividing female labor force participation rate by male labor force participation rate and multiplying by 100.;World Bank, World Development Indicators database. Estimates are based on data obtained from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT at https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;The series for ILO estimates is also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

The data collected in this study allows to characterize the diversity in companies in the cities of La Paz, El Alto, Cochabamba and Santa Cruz. This information was collected through a survey conducted during the third quarter of 2023. The objective of the surveys was to obtain a proxy for information that allows characterizing, on the one hand, in a general way the composition of the representation of the various groups in companies; the existence of hiring policies for these diverse groups and the obstacles that companies have faced during the hiring process. To obtain this information, the survey was conducted with the person in charge of human resources or the person in charge of hiring and human talent management. The data were published in Urquidi et al (2024) Labor market survey in Bolivia: Diversity and inclusion policies in formal companies 2023 available at http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012986

Bolivia Benefit Incidence: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs (ALMP) to Poorest Quintile: % of Total Unemployment/ALMP Benefits data was reported at 12.244 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.649 % for 2017. Bolivia Benefit Incidence: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs (ALMP) to Poorest Quintile: % of Total Unemployment/ALMP Benefits data is updated yearly, averaging 9.446 % from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2019, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.244 % in 2019 and a record low of 6.649 % in 2017. Bolivia Benefit Incidence: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs (ALMP) to Poorest Quintile: % of Total Unemployment/ALMP Benefits data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Social: Social Protection and Insurance. Benefit incidence of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total unemployment and active labor market programs benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Unemployment benefits and active labor market programs include unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.;ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/);;

Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population data was reported at 18.073 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 21.551 % for 2016. Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 18.073 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2017, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.551 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.746 % in 2015. Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Social Protection. Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.; ; ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/); Simple average;

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Aged 15-24 data was reported at 60.758 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 61.529 % for 2022. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Aged 15-24 data is updated yearly, averaging 46.620 % from Dec 1976 (Median) to 2023, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.055 % in 2021 and a record low of 41.535 % in 1992. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Aged 15-24 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.;International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;The series for ILO estimates is also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

Among the countries with available information, Bolivia had the highest share of employment informality, amounting to almost 85 percent of the total employed population. This means that more than three out of every four workers in Bolivia were informally employed in that year. With data from 2024, Chile was one of the countries with the lowest share of informal employment in the region, with around 27.46 percent of the employed population being informally employed.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Female: % of Female Population Aged 15+ data was reported at 72.587 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 71.843 % for 2022. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Female: % of Female Population Aged 15+ data is updated yearly, averaging 59.245 % from Dec 1976 (Median) to 2023, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 72.587 % in 2023 and a record low of 22.240 % in 1976. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Female: % of Female Population Aged 15+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.;International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;The series for ILO estimates is also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Population Aged 15+ data was reported at 78.699 % in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 78.360 % for 2023. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Population Aged 15+ data is updated yearly, averaging 69.509 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 78.699 % in 2024 and a record low of 67.359 % in 2016. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: Modeled ILO Estimate: % of Total Population Aged 15+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.;International Labour Organization. “ILO Modelled Estimates and Projections database (ILOEST)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;National estimates are also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Male: Aged 15-24 data was reported at 64.949 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 65.920 % for 2022. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Male: Aged 15-24 data is updated yearly, averaging 60.067 % from Dec 1976 (Median) to 2023, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.440 % in 1980 and a record low of 45.750 % in 1996. Bolivia BO: Labour Force Participation Rate: National Estimate: Male: Aged 15-24 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Labour Force. Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.;International Labour Organization. “Labour Force Statistics database (LFS)” ILOSTAT. Accessed January 07, 2025. https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/.;Weighted average;The series for ILO estimates is also available in the WDI database. Caution should be used when comparing ILO estimates with national estimates.

Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population: 4th Quintile data was reported at 26.764 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 29.796 % for 2016. Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population: 4th Quintile data is updated yearly, averaging 26.764 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2017, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29.796 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.952 % in 2015. Bolivia BO: Coverage: Unemployment Benefits & Active Labour Market Programs: % of Population: 4th Quintile data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bolivia – Table BO.World Bank.WDI: Social Protection. Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.; ; ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/); Simple average;