The estimated population of unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. stands at around ** million people. Although the number has stabilized, the United States has seen a spike in migrant encounters in the last few years, with over * million cases registered by the U.S. Border Patrol in 2023. This is a slight decrease from the previous year, when there were over *** million cases registered. Due to its proximity and shared border, Mexico remains the leading country of origin for most undocumented immigrants in the U.S., with California and Texas being home to the majority.

Immigration and political division

Despite the majority of the population having immigrant roots, the topic of immigration in the U.S. remains one of the country’s longest-standing political debates. Support among Republicans for restrictive immigration has grown alongside Democratic support for open immigration. This growing divide has deepened the polarization between the two major political parties, stifling constructive dialogue and impeding meaningful reform efforts and as a result, has led to dissatisfaction from all sides. In addition to general immigration policy, feelings toward illegal immigration in the U.S. also vary widely. For some, it's seen as a significant threat to national security, cultural identity, and economic stability. This perspective often aligns with support for stringent measures like Trump's proposed border wall and increased enforcement efforts. On the other hand, there are those who are more sympathetic toward undocumented immigrants, as demonstrated by support for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program.

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) Border Crossing Data provide summary statistics for inbound crossings at the U.S.-Canada and the U.S.-Mexico border at the port level. Data are available for trucks, trains, containers, buses, personal vehicles, passengers, and pedestrians. Border crossing data are collected at ports of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). The data reflect the number of vehicles, containers, passengers or pedestrians entering the United States.

In 2023 there were 5,608 illegal border crossings into the European Union via it's Eastern borders, compared with 8,160 in 2021. This route typically sees far fewer illegal crossings than the Mediterranean Sea does, however, these have increased sharply in recent years, as the Lukashenko regime in Belarus - a state hostile to the European Union - has allowed increased migration to the EU via its borders with Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. These migrants are generally not Belarussians, but migrants transitting through Belarus to the EU, mostly from the Middle East or North Africa. The Lukashenko regime aims to put pressure on the EU to remove sanctions on Belarus, which have been in place since the country's fraudulent election in 2020 and the subsequent suppression of the mass protest movement which developed to oppose the regime.

In the fiscal year of 2020, the United States Border Patrol apprehended ******* people trying to cross the Southwest border. This was a significant decrease from the previous year, when there were ******* apprehensions by Border Patrol at the Southwest border. This decrease is likely due to the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Incoming border crossing/entry data 2006 for vehicles, containers, passengers and pedestrians. The data represents activity at the port level on the U.S.-Canadian and U.S.-Mexican land border and international ferry crossings. The data is provided to BTS by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security - Customs and Border Protection Missing and/or Null values were filled with -1

Number of trucks entering the United States from Mexico. The Bureau of Transportation of Statistics releases incoming border crossing statistics using data collected at ports of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

Significantly more men were apprehended by the United States Border Patrol than women in the the fiscal year of 2020. Nationwide, ******* men were apprehended by Border Patrol in that year, compared to ****** women who were apprehended.

Number of personal vehicle passengers, train passengers, bus passengers, and pedestrians entering the United States from Mexico. The Bureau of Transportation of Statistics releases incoming border crossing statistics using data collected at ports of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

In this table, the Dutch import and export value according to border crossing are classified by the divisions 75-97 of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). The data is broken down further by continents and countries according to the Geonomenclature (GEONOM).

Data available from: January 2015.

Status of the figures: The figures on international trade in goods are provisional for a longer period of time, as they can be adjusted on the basis of new or current source information. The provisional figures become revised provisional in the fourth quarter after a reporting year. The revised provisional figures will become definitive in the fourth quarter of the following year.

Changes as of October 7, 2025: The provisional figures for the month of May 2025 have been added.

When will new figures be published? New figures become available about four months after a reporting month.

In 2024, the National Immigration Administration in China registered a total of *** million border entries and exits. Of those, *** million border crossings were by mainland Chinese nationals, ** percent more than in the previous year. Foreigners (excluding Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macao nationals) entered and exited China **** million times that year, indicating a nearly ** percent annual growth.

Number of trucks entering the United States from Canada. The Bureau of Transportation of Statistics releases incoming border crossing statistics using data collected at ports of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

Number of personal vehicle passengers, train passengers, bus passengers, and pedestrians entering the United States from Canada. The Bureau of Transportation of Statistics releases incoming border crossing statistics using data collected at ports of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.

Number of vehicles travelling between Canada and the United States, by trip characteristics, length of stay and type of transportation. Data available monthly.

This dataset displays the amount of loans received by each country from a foreign bank. This data is available on a quarterly level timescale, with data available for 200+ countries worldwide. This data is directly available at: http://devdata.worldbank.org/sdmx/jedh/jedh_dbase.html access date November 26, 2007.

Population figures over a 25-year period for cross-border migration, by single year of age and sex for local authorities in England. 2022-based datasets are the latest projection.

In this table, the Dutch import, export value and quantities are classified according to border crossing into sections VIII-XV of the Combined Nomenclature (CN). The data is further broken down by continents and countries according to the Geonomenclature (GEONOM). Data available from: 2015. Status of the figures: The figures on international trade in goods are provisional for a longer period of time, as they can be adjusted on the basis of new or current source information. The provisional figures become more provisional in the fourth quarter after a reporting year. The further provisional figures will then become definitive in the fourth quarter of the following year. Changes as of June 6, 2023: The provisional figures for the year 2022 have been added. When will new figures come out? New figures are published about five months after a year under review.

Poland Number of Vehicles Passing Borders: Bus: East Border: Ukraine data was reported at 123,590.000 Unit in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 92,365.000 Unit for 2015. Poland Number of Vehicles Passing Borders: Bus: East Border: Ukraine data is updated yearly, averaging 72,969.000 Unit from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2016, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 123,590.000 Unit in 2016 and a record low of 58,663.000 Unit in 1999. Poland Number of Vehicles Passing Borders: Bus: East Border: Ukraine data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.TA007: Number of Motor Vehicles: Crossing Border.

In 2024, there were approximately 239,159 illegal border crossings made at borders of the European Union, with Syrian's being the most common nationality, at 44,237.

Includes data on cross border movements (comparing where pupils live and where they attend school), by year group and boarder status.