In 2024, Brazil's homicide rate reached **** incidents per 100,000 people. This is the lowest figure recorded in the country since 2012.

Content

This dataset contain official crime statistics from São Paulo state cities (Brazil) and were prepared based on information available on the Civil State Police statistics site: http://www.ssp.sp.gov.br/Estatistica/Pesquisa.aspx

• Period available:

  • Crime Monthly Occurrences and Policy productivity: 2001 - May, 2021 Note: in both datasets, decimal separator is a point (".") .

  • Crime rates (annual rates available): 1999 -2020 (available for some of the cities) Note: in this dataset, decimal separator is a comma (",") .

• Data and labels in brazilian portuguese.

• Information about crime type interpretation (available only in brazilian portuguese) in: http://www.ssp.sp.gov.br/Estatistica/download/manual.pdf

• Datasets prepared with Selenium (webscraping) and Pandas libraries in Python.

Author: Dalciana B. Waller https://github.com/DBWALLER

In 2024, six of the eight Brazilian cities with the highest homicide rates were in the Northeast. Feira da Santana led the ranking of the most violent city in Brazil, with a murder rate of ***** per 100,000 inhabitants. It was followed followed by Recife, with a homicide rate of more than ** per 100,000 inhabitants. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Feira da Santana was the **** most deadly city.

Historical dataset showing Brazil crime rate per 100K population by year from 1990 to 2020.

The number of violent crimes against property registered in Brazil showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2020. After an increase in 2021 and 2022, this number decreased again in 2024, with ****** such cases in the South American country.Furthermore, most of the violent crimes against property in Brazil consist of vehicle thefts and break-ins.

Context

Brazil has a very powerful Freedom of Information law which allows any citizen to request any data from the government which is not restricted, and where these restrictions are well defined exceptions. But still, having the right to request the information does not mean it is easy to get it. Bureaucracy and ignorance of the law gets in the way many times. In order to encourage the government to put their databases in order and to inspire people to have the courage to ask the government for information, we made a massive request of information, for the complete dataset of crime data available for the last 10 years, in the biggest city of South America.

Content

This dataset contains structured data about all crime occurrences that have been acted upon by the PM, the main police force in Sao Paulo. The dataset is not consistent in its completeness, as some of the towns comprising the Greater Sao Paulo were slow in collecting full data. It also does not contain the actual historic of each crime report, as that would violate privacy.

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the prompt assistance from the SSP (Secretaria de Seguranca Publica), for providing the data with minimal resistance.

Inspiration

Primarily we would like to see a visualisation of this data, so that the people can have an idea of how crime has evolved in their city, which crimes are more prevalent in which areas, etc. In addition, any model which can predict at what times and where the police is most needed would be helpful, as this can then be sent to the SSP to help them in planning.

Measuring homicides across the world helps us understand violent crime and how people are affected by interpersonal violence.

But measuring homicides is challenging. Even homicide researchers do not always agree on whether the specific cause of death should be considered a homicide. Even when they agree on what counts as a homicide, it is difficult to count all of them.

In many countries, national civil registries do not certify most deaths or their cause. Besides lacking funds and personnel, a body has to be found to determine whether a death has happened. Authorities may also struggle to distinguish a homicide from a similar cause of death, such as an accident.

Law enforcement and criminal justice agencies collect more data on whether a death was unlawful — but their definition of unlawfulness may differ across countries and time.

Estimating homicides where neither of these sources is available or good enough is difficult. Estimates rely on inferences from similar countries and contextual factors that are based on strong assumptions. So how do researchers address these challenges and measure homicides?

In our work on homicides, we provide data from five main sources:

The WHO Mortality Database (WHO-MD)1 The Global Study on Homicide by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)2 The History of Homicide Database by Manuel Eisner (20033 and 20144) The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)5 The WHO Global Health Estimates (WHO-GHE)6 These sources all report homicides, cover many countries and years, and are frequently used by researchers and policymakers. They are not entirely separate, as they partially build upon each other.

The homicide rate registered in Brazil impacts ethnicities very differently. Whereas the number of homicides per 100,000 black or brown people increased to ** percent from 2006 to 2017, the homicide rate of non-black or brown individuals declined to nearly ***percent in the same period. In 2023, the homicide rate for the black ethnic group decreased compared to the previous year.

Abstract The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of the media on perceptions of fear of crime among residents of the Brazilian Federal District. The study explores the influence of audience characteristics on the relationship between the media and fear of crime. We also analyzed the impact of different types of media (television, newspapers, and social media) on fear of crime. Research shows that the media's influence on fear of crime depends on the type of media, due to the differences in content and the characteristics of the audience.

The Brazilian Crimes Dataset (BCD) contains crime records and pre-processing procedures used in our experiments on crime analysis and prediction [1]. In particular, we proposed an approach to predict crimes and evaluated it by using crime records crawled from the brazilian web site Onde Fui Roubado.

Please consider citing the following references if you found this dataset useful:

[1] Úrsula Rosa Monteiro de Castro, Marcos Wander Rodrigues, Wladmir Cardoso Brandão. Predicting crime by exploiting supervised learning on heterogeneous data. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS'20), 2020.

[2] Úrsula Rosa Monteiro de Castro, Wladmir Cardoso Brandão. (2020). BCD: Brazilian Crimes Dataset (Version 1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo.

Supplementary material for computing a blue-crime index to Brazil. The Excel files include the Brazilian Public Security Yearbook and data used in the index.

In 2024, Pernambuco reported the highest homicide rate in the country, at nearly **** occurrences per 100,000 inhabitants. Ceará, in the country's northeastern region, ranked second, with **** homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. Meanwhile, in 2022, Bahia also ranked first in numbers of homicides, with around ***** occurrences reported.

In Brazil, crime rates have been very high at least since the 1980s. There is a social perception that adolescents are the main responsibles to increase these rates, although there is no scientifical evidence to support it. Thus, as a way to try to reduce crime rates, congressmen proposed to amend the constitution to lower the age of criminal majority, which nowadays is 18 years old. According to Neil Hazel (2008), "criminal majority is the age at which the criminal justice system processes offenders as adults" (p. 7).

This dataset contains all Proposals to Amend the Constitution on lowering the ACM in Brazil, since 1989 to 2015. We collected them directly from Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate's websites and put them together to make easier to researchers and stakeholders find them. Every proposals are divided in four parts. In the first part, there are the main information about the proposals, for example, the document's number and year of publication, its authors, subject, and which Constitution's article should be modified. In the second one, there is the new article redaction proposed by its author. In the third one (justification), there is a text the document's authors argue why the proposal should be approved by the National Congress. Finally, the fourth part contains the congressmen signatures who support the proposal.

Our main purpose is to provide dataset to researchers and stakeholders to content analyze these proposals and the congressmen justifications to do so.

FBI National Incident-Based Reporting System (FBI NIBRS) crime data for Brazil Police Department (City) in Indiana, including incidents, statistics, demographics, and detailed incident information.

The number of violent crimes against property registered in Brazil has been oscillating in recent years, experiencing a steep decline in 2020. In 2024, the figures were lower than the previous year, with around 344,600 car thefts or break-ins being reported in the South American country.Meanwhile, the number of violent deaths in Brazil has decreased lately.

Abstract In this paper we analyzed data from police investigations and trials of intentional homicides shelved in Belo Horizonte between 2003 and 2013 in order to understand the clearance’s determinants. As independent variables, we used the characteristics of victim, crimes’ attributes and police procedures. The results inform that the homicides features and police truth-finding methods (centered on the flagrante delicto and the presence of eyewitnesses) were the variables that explained the clearance likelihood. However, the length of time may affect this result, since police inquiries that are not completed within five year are not likely to be trialed.

Comprehensive dataset containing 1 verified Crime victim service businesses in State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil with complete contact information, ratings, reviews, and location data.

Why do people support extrajudicial violence? In two survey experiments with respondents in Brazil, we examine which characteristics of lynching scenarios garner greater support for lynching and whether providing different types of information about lynching reduces support for it. We find that people often do support community members to take vengeance. In particular, our analysis finds that people strongly support the use of extrajudicial violence by families of victims against men who sexually assault and murder women and children. We also find that criminal punishment and the threat of vendettas reduce support, but appeals to the human rights of victims have zero effect on support for lynchings. Unlike the U.S. experience with lynchings, race was not observed to play an important role in how respondents answered the survey.

The Rio de Janeiro (RJ) municipality presents one of the highest crime rates in Brazil. However, since the 2000s, a significant reduction of lethal crimes has been observed. Given this scenario, the aim of this study is to analyze the factors that determined this phenomenon. Among them, it seeks to assess the effects of the Pacifying Police Unit (Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora - UPP). To this end, the statistical error correction vector (ECV) method was used. This study allowed for the analysis of short- and long-term relationships between crime rates and variables associated with economic activity and police action. The applied dataset comprises the period between April 2002 and August 2019. The main results indicate that UPP implementation contributed to lethal crime reduction in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Furthermore, the results show that coercive police action tends to increase crime rates.

The scientific research had the scope of critically understanding the application of the Agent Competition Differentiating Theory in the attribution of economic criminal offenses to business leaders. Based on the analysis of jurisprudence from Brazilian Superior Courts, sought to find the standard used in the distinction between authorship and participation, relevant to the accountability of those involved. For the research in the Courts, keywords were defined - for example: director, author, participant, domain of the fact - related to the specific objectives of the research in order to delimit the results. After jurisprudential analysis and research, it is concluded that the discussion sought is absent. The attempt to determine the extent of the crime in business crimes is not mentioned in most of the decisions analyzed. Furthermore, the distorted use of the Dominion over the Act Theory in holding corporate leaders accountable is observed, revealing a criminal prosecution system that is inappropriate for this context.