According to the most recent national census, approximately 46 percent of the people residing in Brazil identified as Pardo Brazilians making it the largest ethnic group in the country. However, when breaking it down by regions, it can be seen that the ethnic distribution of Brazilian population varied considerably across the country. In the North, for example, 69 percent of the population identify as Pardo, while this share fell to 22 percent in the South, where 71 of inhabitants are white. The Northeast has the largest percentage of black people, with 13 percent.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Brazil by race. It includes the population of Brazil across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Brazil across relevant racial categories.

Key observations

The percent distribution of Brazil population by race (across all racial categories recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau): 93.58% are white, 0.21% are Black or African American, 0.30% are Asian, 1.64% are some other race and 4.28% are multiracial.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race: This column displays the racial categories (excluding ethnicity) for the Brazil
• Population: The population of the racial category (excluding ethnicity) in the Brazil is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each race as a proportion of Brazil total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

In 2023, the share of Black people killed by the police was higher than the share of the black population in almost all the Brazilian states listed. In Pernambuco, the difference between the proportion of black population and black people killed by the police was of 30 percentage points. Except for São Paulo and Piauí, more than 80 percent of civilians killed by security agents were black in all states covered in this study.

Brazil conducted its first nationwide census in 1872, just 16 years before slavery's official abolition in 1888. Modern estimates place Brazil's total population in 1872 at approximately 10.3 million; the exclusion of non-white infants and indigenous populations from the census is likely the cause of this deficit. The 1872 census showed that non-whites made up the majority of Brazil's population at this time, at roughly 5.75 million, compared to the white population of 3.79 million. Of these 5.75 million, over 4.2 million were free, compared to 1.5 million living in slavery; this gives a ratio of almost three free non-whites for every one slave. To compare, in the United States in 1860, there were at least eight slaves for every one free person of color in the years leading up to slavery's nationwide abolition.

In 2023, the prevalence of extreme poverty among black men and women in Brazil was higher than that observed in other demographic groups. In particular, the rate of extreme poverty among black men reached two percent, which was the highest among all demographic groups.

In the third quarter of 2024, 7.6 percent of the black population in Brazil was unemployed. The unemployment rate for Pardo Brazilians was approximately seven percent, while for whites it was five percent.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Non-Hispanic population of Brazil by race. It includes the distribution of the Non-Hispanic population of Brazil across various race categories as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the Non-Hispanic population distribution of Brazil across relevant racial categories.

Key observations

Of the Non-Hispanic population in Brazil, the largest racial group is White alone with a population of 7,500 (95.12% of the total Non-Hispanic population).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race: This column displays the racial categories (for Non-Hispanic) for the Brazil
• Population: The population of the racial category (for Non-Hispanic) in the Brazil is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each race as a proportion of Brazil total Non-Hispanic population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

This dataset is about books. It has 10 rows and is filtered where the book subjects is Black people-Brazil-Social conditions. It features 9 columns including author, publication date, language, and book publisher.

In 2023, according to the most recent national data, approximately 46 percent of people living in Brazil identified as Pardo Brazilian, making it the largest ethnic group in the country. In 2012, whites were the largest group, accounting for 46 percent of the population.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Brazil Hispanic or Latino population. It includes the distribution of the Hispanic or Latino population, of Brazil, by their ancestries, as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the origin of the Hispanic or Latino population of Brazil.

Key observations

Among the Hispanic population in Brazil, regardless of the race, the largest group is of Mexican origin, with a population of 136 (83.44% of the total Hispanic population).

https://i.neilsberg.com/ch/brazil-in-population-by-race-and-ethnicity.jpeg" alt="Brazil Non-Hispanic population by race">

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2017-2021 5-Year Estimates.

Origin for Hispanic or Latino population include:

• Mexican
• Black or African American
• Puerto Rican
• Cuban
• Other Hispanic or Latino

Variables / Data Columns

• Origin: This column displays the origin for Hispanic or Latino population for the Brazil
• Population: The population of the specific origin for Hispanic or Latino population in the Brazil is shown in this column.
• % of Total Hispanic Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each Hispanic origin as a proportion of Brazil total Hispanic or Latino population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

COVID-19 incidence and mortality in countries with heavy social inequalities differ in population terms. In countries like Brazil with colonial histories and traditions, the social markers of differences are heavily anchored in social and racial demarcation, and the political and social dynamics and processes based on structural racism act on this demarcation. The pandemic’s actual profile in Brazil clashes with narratives according to which COVID-19 is a democratic pandemic, an argument aligned with the rhetoric of racial democracy that represents a powerful strategy aimed at maintaining the subaltern place of racialized populations such as indigenous peoples and blacks, as a product of modern coloniality. This essay focuses on the pandemic’s profile in the Brazilian black population, in dialogue with decolonial contributions and critical readings of racism. The authors discuss government responses and COVID-19 indicators according to race/color, demonstrating the maintenance of historical storylines that continue to threaten black lives. The article also discusses the importance of local resistance movements, organized in the favelas, precarious urban spaces underserved by the State and occupied by black Brazilians.

Brazil and the United States are the two most populous countries in the Americas today. In 1500, the year that Pedro Álvares Cabral made landfall in present-day Brazil and claimed it for the Portuguese crown, it is estimated that there were roughly one million people living in the region. Some estimates for the present-day United States give a population of two million in the year 1500, although estimates vary greatly. By 1820, the population of the U.S. was still roughly double that of Brazil, but rapid growth in the 19th century would see it grow 4.5 times larger by 1890, before the difference shrunk during the 20th century. In 2024, the U.S. has a population over 340 million people, making it the third most populous country in the world, while Brazil has a population of almost 218 million and is the sixth most populous. Looking to the future, population growth is expected to be lower in Brazil than in the U.S. in the coming decades, as Brazil's fertility rates are already lower, and migration rates into the United States will be much higher. Historical development The indigenous peoples of present-day Brazil and the U.S. were highly susceptible to diseases brought from the Old World; combined with mass displacement and violence, their population growth rates were generally low, therefore migration from Europe and the import of enslaved Africans drove population growth in both regions. In absolute numbers, more Europeans migrated to North America than Brazil, whereas more slaves were transported to Brazil than the U.S., but European migration to Brazil increased significantly in the early 1900s. The U.S. also underwent its demographic transition much earlier than in Brazil, therefore its peak period of population growth was almost a century earlier than Brazil. Impact of ethnicity The demographics of these countries are often compared, not only because of their size, location, and historical development, but also due to the role played by ethnicity. In the mid-1800s, these countries had the largest slave societies in the world, but a major difference between the two was the attitude towards interracial procreation. In Brazil, relationships between people of different ethnic groups were more common and less stigmatized than in the U.S., where anti-miscegenation laws prohibited interracial relationships in many states until the 1960s. Racial classification was also more rigid in the U.S., and those of mixed ethnicity were usually classified by their non-white background. In contrast, as Brazil has a higher degree of mixing between those of ethnic African, American, and European heritage, classification is less obvious, and factors such as physical appearance or societal background were often used to determine racial standing. For most of the 20th century, Brazil's government promoted the idea that race was a non-issue and that Brazil was racially harmonious, but most now acknowledge that this actually ignored inequality and hindered progress. Racial inequality has been a prevalent problem in both countries since their founding, and today, whites generally fare better in terms of education, income, political representation, and even life expectancy. Despite this adversity, significant progress has been made in recent decades, as public awareness of inequality has increased, and authorities in both countries have made steps to tackle disparities in areas such as education, housing, and employment.

The average monthly income per person in Brazil is higher for white workers than for other ethnic groups. In 2024, the gap was ***** Brazilian reals per month when compared to the average income of the black population.

ABSTRACT This article aims to contribute to the reflection on the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the black population, having as a trigger point the urgent need to analyze the asymmetries that the global health emergency produces, particularly in contexts of social inequality, such as is the case in Brazil, where the socially vulnerable population is represented mainly by the black population, in their different specific groups, typified by gender, by restrictions on access to education, social protection, adequate housing, basic sanitation services and the internet, as well as, by occupation/unemployment, by geographic space, and by deprivation of liberty - although, paradoxically, quantitatively it comprises the majority of the Brazilian population, which accumulates the worst indicators.

Abstract This article aims to present an overview of the existing comparative studies on anti-racist educational policies in Latin America, focusing on the black population. The research was conducted on online databases and found 06 papers on the subject, focusing mainly on Brazil and Colombia. Although studies point out that black people in Latin America face similar difficulties in the educational field, the lack of comparative studies on this population in the region is alarming and may be related to the lack of statistical data based on racial criteria.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents the median household incomes over the past decade across various racial categories identified by the U.S. Census Bureau in Brazil. It portrays the median household income of the head of household across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. It also showcases the annual income trends, between 2013 and 2023, providing insights into the economic shifts within diverse racial communities.The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into income disparities and variations across racial categories, aiding in data analysis and decision-making..

Key observations

• White: In Brazil, the median household income for the households where the householder is White increased by $8,641(21.63%), between 2013 and 2023. The median household income, in 2023 inflation-adjusted dollars, was $39,951 in 2013 and $48,592 in 2023.
• Black or African American: Even though there is a population where the householder is Black or African American, there was no median household income reported by the U.S. Census Bureau for both 2013 and 2023.
• Refer to the research insights for more key observations on American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, Some other race and Two or more races (multiracial) households

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race of the head of household: This column presents the self-identified race of the household head, encompassing all relevant racial categories (excluding ethnicity) applicable in Brazil.
• 2010: 2010 median household income
• 2011: 2011 median household income
• 2012: 2012 median household income
• 2013: 2013 median household income
• 2014: 2014 median household income
• 2015: 2015 median household income
• 2016: 2016 median household income
• 2017: 2017 median household income
• 2018: 2018 median household income
• 2019: 2019 median household income
• 2020: 2020 median household income
• 2021: 2021 median household income
• 2022: 2022 median household income
• 2023: 2023 median household income
• Please note: All incomes have been adjusted for inflation and are presented in 2023-inflation-adjusted dollars.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil median household income by race. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents the median household income across different racial categories in Brazil. It portrays the median household income of the head of household across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into economic disparities and trends and explore the variations in median houshold income for diverse racial categories.

Key observations

Based on our analysis of the distribution of Brazil population by race & ethnicity, the population is predominantly White. This particular racial category constitutes the majority, accounting for 93.58% of the total residents in Brazil. Notably, the median household income for White households is $48,592. Interestingly, White is both the largest group and the one with the highest median household income, which stands at $48,592.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race of the head of household: This column presents the self-identified race of the household head, encompassing all relevant racial categories (excluding ethnicity) applicable in Brazil.
• Median household income: Median household income, adjusting for inflation, presented in 2023-inflation-adjusted dollars

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil median household income by race. You can refer the same here

ABSTRACT: The use of indicators to measure social inequalities has been disseminated more intensely in the last few decades through social science research. Bringing these instruments to analyze the changes that have occurred in women and black people’s participation in undergraduate and graduate education is extremely important in light of the implementation of affirmative action policies that aimed to provide poorly represented social groups with broader access to college education, particularly blacks and indigenous people in Brazil. This study presents the indexes of gender and racial parity as instruments to help characterize who had access to and attended undergraduate and graduate school between 2000 and 2010. The results showed that access is differentiated both by gender and race, with some of the worst indicators for blacks.

City level open access data from 26 States and the Federal District and from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) [20], the Department of Informatics of Brazilian Public Health System – DATASUS, Ministry of Health, the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and from Brazil.io. Data from all 5,570 cities in Brazil were included in the analysis. COVID-19 data included cases and deaths reported between February 26th, 2020 and February 4th, 2021. The following outcomes were computed: a) days between the first case in Brazil until the first case in the city; b) days between the first case in the city until the day when 1,000 cases were reported; and c) days between the first death in city until the day when 50 deaths inhabitants were reported. Descriptive analyses were performed on the following: proportion of cities reaching 1,000 cases; number of cases at three, six, nine and 12 months after first case; cities reporting at least one COVID-19 related death; number of COVID-19 related deaths at three, six, nine and 12 months after first death in the country. All incidence data is adjusted for 100,000 inhabitants.The following covariates were included: a) geographic region where the city is located (Midwest, North, Northeast, Southeast and South), metropolitan city (no/yes) and urban or rural; b) social and environmental city characteristics [total area (Km2), urban area (Km2), population size (inhabitants), population living within urban area (inhabitants), population older than 60 years (%), indigenous population (%), black population (%), illiterate older than 25 years (%) and city in extreme poverty (no/yes)]; c) housing conditions [household with density >2 per dormitory (%), household with garbage collection (%), household connected to the water supply system (%) and household connected to the sewer system (%)]; d) job characteristics [commerce (%) and informal workers (%)]; e) socioeconomic and inequalities characteristics [GINI index; income per capita; poor or extremely poor (%) and households in informal urban settlements (%)]; f) health services access and coverage [number of National Public Health System (SUS) physicians per inhabitants (100,000 inhabitants), number of SUS nurses per inhabitants (100,000 inhabitants), number of intensive care units or ICU per inhabitants (100,000 inhabitants). All health services access and coverage variables were standardized using z-scores, combined into one single variable categorized into tertiles.

ABSTRACT This research sought to identify the participation of different races in organizations and to investigate the opportunities for black people, in terms of employability and professional growth, in Brazil. To meet this objective, documentary research was undertaken with 117 companies, which are among the 500 largest in Brazil. The results indicated that racial democracy is a myth in our society, hence the need to move forward with social policies that minimize inequalities between white and black people in the most significant company positions. The process of producing and reproducing racism continues to restrict the of black people to the highest hierarchical levels. In order to achieve equality for black people in the labour market, we must evolve from social policies of ‘good intentions’ to the concept of praxis and be positioned among the benchmarks of militant sociology, establishing a set of affirmative government policies, accompanied by practices that encourage diversity in companies and denounce ideologies which reinforce the myth of racial democracy.