In 2023, the main trade partner of Brazil was China: trade between both countries exceeded 157 billion U.S. dollars. Furthermore, the South American economy registered a trade surplus of 51 billion dollars with China. The United States ranked as the second most important trade partner, although in this case Brazil had a trade deficit.

With a total trade volume of 5.9 billion U.S. dollars, Brazil ranked as the most important trade partner of Argentina in the first quarter of 2024. During that same period, Argentina's largest trade deficit was with China, as the balance reached -1,158 million dollars.

Russia's leading five export partners in 2023 were China, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, and Brazil. The value of total exports from Russia to its major trade partner — China — exceeded 128 billion U.S. dollars. Trade between Russia and China China was not only the leading export destination of Russian commodities, but also the major import partner of the country. Prior to 2018, the value of Russian imports from China prevailed the Russian exports’ worth to the country. It was in 2018 when for the first time, the trade balance of Russia with China turned positive and amounted to about 3.8 billion U.S. dollars. Russia's primary export goods, mineral and energy products, were also the most imported commodities by China from the country. Russian trade with Europe Trade flows between Russia and the EU have been in decline over the past years. In 2023, the EU export value to Russia exceeded 38 billion U.S. dollars — roughly 12 billion U.S. dollars below the EU imports’ worth from Russia in that year. Germany was the major importer of Russian goods in the region.

Colombia was the biggest coffee trading partner of the United States in 2023, with the U.S. importing **** billion dollars’ worth in that year. Brazil, another South American country known for its coffee tradition, was second, exporting over *** billion dollars of coffee to the U.S. in the same year. Colombian coffee Colombia is well known for its coffee. The fictional character Juan Valdez, used in advertisements for the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia, has become an icon in popular culture, instantly associated with Colombian coffee. In 2020, the country was the third largest coffee grower in the world, producing **** million 60-kilogram bags of coffee. About ** percent of the coffee imported by the United States from Colombia was Fair Trade certified in 2016. Fair trade is a movement which aims to improve conditions for workers in agriculture and the environmental sustainability of the crops harvested. In the same year, ** million dollars of the imported coffee from Colombia was organic.

In May 2025, crude oil exported from Brazil had an average price of **** U.S. dollars per kilogram, after attaining **** U.S. dollars the month prior. Global oil prices continued to fall in the first half of 2025, which is reflected in the decrease in Brazil's oil export prices. China is most important trading partner China remains the primary destination for Brazilian crude oil exports, accounting for over ** percent of shipments in 2024, followed by the United States at ** percent. This underscores the importance of these markets for Brazil's oil industry. While exports thrived, Brazil's crude oil imports saw a slight decrease in 2024, totaling nearly *** billion U.S. dollars. This decline in imports occurred alongside a drop in the average price of imported crude oil and condensate, which fell by about *** percent to ***** U.S. dollars per barrel. Natural gas imports and domestic production Similar to crude oil, Brazil's natural gas imports also experienced a decline in 2023. The country imported approximately *** billion cubic meters of natural gas, with *** billion cubic meters in gaseous form and **** billion cubic meters as liquefied natural gas (LNG). The decrease in imports can be attributed to Brazil's growing domestic natural gas production, highlighting the country's efforts to reduce dependence on foreign energy sources and strengthen its position in the global energy market.