As of February 2025, the largest fine issued for violation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the United Kingdom (UK) was more than 22 million euros, received by British Airways in October 2020. Another fine received by Marriott International Inc. in the same month was the second-highest in the UK and amounted to over 20 million euros.

As of January 2025, the most significant data breach incident in the United Kingdom (UK) was the 2017-2018 Dixons Carphone breach. As a result of this incident, 14 million user records were affected, and 5.6 million payment card information was exposed. The Equifax data breach between 2011 and 2016 impacted over 15 million customers nationwide.

Since the enforcement of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in May 2018, fines have been issued for several types of violations. As of February 2025, the most significant share of penalties was due to companies' non-compliance with general data processing principles. This violation has led to over 2.4 billion euros worth of fines.

During the fourth quarter of 2024, data breaches exposed more than a million user data records in the United Kingdom (UK). The figure decreased significantly from nearly 41 million in the quarter prior. Overall, the time between the first quarter of 2022 and the fourth quarter of 2023, saw the lowest number of exposed user data accounts.

The Cyber Security Breaches Survey, 2020 was run to understand organisations' approaches and attitudes to cyber security, and to understand their experience of cyber security breaches. Its aim was to support the Government by providing evidence that can inform policies which help to make Britain a safer place to do business online.

The data have been collected annually since 2016 to understand the views of UK organisations on cyber security. Data is collected on topics including online use; attitudes of organisations to cyber security and awareness of Government initiatives; approaches to cyber security (including investment and processes); incidences and impact of a cyber security breach or attack; and how breaches are dealt with by the organisation. This information helps to inform Government policy towards organisations, including how best to target key messages to businesses and charities so that they are cyber secure (and so that the UK is the safest place in the world to do business online). The study is funded by the Cabinet Office as part of the National Cyber Security Programme.

The underlying data are useful for researchers to better understand the response across a range of organisations (rather than averages) and for wider comparability over time. The survey originally only covered businesses but was expanded to include charities from the 2018 survey onwards. From 2020, the survey includes a sample of education institutions (primary and secondary schools, further and higher education). Please note that the UK Data Service only holds data from 2018 onwards.

Further information and additional publications can be found on the GOV.UK https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/cyber-security-breaches-survey-2020">Cyber Security Breaches Survey, 2020 webpage.

This is because it would breach the first data protection principle as: a) It is not fair to disclose these people’s personal details to the world and is likely to cause damage or distress to staff b) These details are not of sufficient interest to the public to warrant an intrusion into their privacy. Please click the below web link to see the exemption in full: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/36/section/40

A survey conducted in the United Kingdom (UK) between August and December 2024, found that ** percent of companies needed additional staff time to deal with the breach or inform cutomers or stakeholders. Furthermore, ** percent of the companies needed to implement new measures for future attacks. Additionally, ** percent said the incident stopped the staff from carrying out daily work.

This statistic displays the share of cyber security breaches that businesses have experienced in the past twelve months in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2019, by type. Among all respondents, ** percent have had virus, spyware or malware breaches in the past 12 months, whereas ** percent had breaches of fraudulent emails or being directed to fraudulent websites.Around half of the businesses in the United Kingdom experienced cyber security breaches or attacks in the last 12 months. In addition, the average cost of all cyber security breaches varies with respect to the company's size.

Security breaches incurred by individuals

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Data Protection As A Service Market Size 2024-2028

The data protection as a service (DPaaS) market size is forecast to increase by USD 87.57 billion at a CAGR of 46.02% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to the rising adoption of this solution among various industries in the US. The exponential growth in the volume of data being generated and collected by enterprises necessitates strong data protection measures. Deployment modes like hosted services and hybrid cloud have made DPaaS more accessible and cost-effective for businesses. In-house security teams are increasingly turning to DPaaS to enhance their data security capabilities.
Disaster recovery is another key area where DPaaS is gaining traction, providing businesses with a reliable and efficient backup and recovery solution. Despite its benefits, the high cost of DPaaS remains a challenge for some enterprises. Overall, the DPaaS market is poised for continued growth as more organizations recognize the importance of securing their data in the digital age.

What will be the Data Protection As A Service Market Size During the Forecast Period?

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The market refers to the provision of managed data security services through cloud-based solutions. These services enable organizations to safeguard their data from cyberattacks and data breaches, ensuring business continuity and compliance with data protection regulations. In the US, the adoption of DPaaS is on the rise as businesses seek to enhance their IT infrastructure's security and scalability. DPaaS offers several benefits to organizations, including scalability, management, and recovery options. Scalability allows businesses to easily expand their data protection capabilities as they grow, while management simplifies the process of securing data through centralized control. Recovery options ensure that data can be quickly restored in the event of a cyberattack or data loss. Cloud storage is a critical component of DPaaS, providing organizations with secure, offsite data storage. DPaaS providers offer advanced security features, such as encryption, access controls, and intrusion detection, to protect data in the cloud. Data breaches and cyberattacks pose significant risks to organizations, leading to financial losses, reputational damage, and legal consequences.
Moreover, DPaaS helps mitigate these risks by providing strong security measures and real-time threat detection and response. DPaaS can be deployed in various modes, including public, private, and hybrid clouds. The choice of deployment mode depends on the organization's size and specific security requirements. Small and medium-sized businesses may prefer public cloud solutions, while larger enterprises may opt for private or hybrid clouds for enhanced security and control. DPaaS is applicable to various industry verticals, including healthcare, finance, retail, and education. These industries handle sensitive data and are subject to stringent data protection regulations. DPaaS providers offer paid databases with threat intelligence and compliance information to help organizations stay informed and comply with regulatory requirements. Next-Generation Technologies: DPaaS solutions leverage next-generation technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), to provide advanced threat detection and response capabilities.
Additionally, these technologies enable DPaaS providers to quickly identify and respond to emerging threats, ensuring that organizations' data remains secure. IT Infrastructure Industry: The IT infrastructure industry is a significant contributor to the growth of the DPaaS market. DPaaS solutions offer businesses a cost-effective and efficient way to enhance their data security capabilities without the need for extensive IT resources or expertise. DPaaS is an essential solution for businesses looking to enhance their data security and ensure business continuity in the face of cyberattacks and data breaches. With its scalability, management, and recovery options, DPaaS offers organizations the flexibility and control they need to protect their data in the cloud. As data security becomes increasingly critical, the adoption of DPaaS is expected to continue growing in the US and beyond.

How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Application

  STaaS
  BaaS
  DRaaS


Business Segment

  Large
  Small and medium


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Application Insights

The STaaS segment is estima

The United Kingdom data center physical security market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach £89.48 million in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 15.10% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. The increasing adoption of cloud computing and the subsequent rise in data center infrastructure necessitates heightened security measures. Furthermore, growing concerns surrounding data breaches and cyber threats are prompting organizations across various sectors – including IT & Telecommunications, BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance), Government, and Healthcare – to invest heavily in advanced physical security solutions. The market is segmented by solution type (video surveillance, access control, and others), service type (consulting, professional services, and system integration), and end-user industry. The demand for sophisticated integrated security systems, combining video analytics, biometric access control, and perimeter security, is a significant trend shaping the market. Competitive pressures among established players like Axis Communications, Bosch, and Honeywell, along with emerging technology providers, are fostering innovation and driving down costs, making these solutions more accessible to a wider range of organizations. The market's sustained growth is also fueled by government regulations promoting cybersecurity and data protection. However, challenges remain. The high initial investment costs associated with implementing comprehensive security systems can be a restraint for smaller organizations. Furthermore, the complexity of integrating various security systems and managing their upkeep might pose operational hurdles. Despite these challenges, the overall outlook for the UK data center physical security market remains positive, with strong growth expected throughout the forecast period (2025-2033). The market's trajectory suggests a significant opportunity for vendors offering innovative, scalable, and cost-effective solutions tailored to the specific needs of data center operators. Recent developments include: February 2024: In the latest release of the Axis operating system, AXIS OS and Axis Communications AB, it was announced that more than 200 network devices, including cameras, intercoms, and 11.8 audio speakers, are supported by the IEEE MAC 802.1sec security standard. Demonstrating the company's continued commitment to device and data security, Axis has become the first manufacturer of physical safety products supporting MACsec Media Access Control Security., October 2023: Zwipe partnered with Schneider Electric’s Security Solutions Group. The French-based multinational Schneider Electric plans to introduce the Zwipe Access fingerprint-scanning smart card to its clientele. This card will be integrated with Schneider Electric’s Continuum and Security Expert platforms, serving a client base from sectors, including airports, transportation, healthcare, and data centers.. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Demand of Clolud Computing Capabilities Drives the Market Growth, Increase Security Concerns in the Market Drives the Market Growth. Potential restraints include: Increasing Demand of Clolud Computing Capabilities Drives the Market Growth, Increase Security Concerns in the Market Drives the Market Growth. Notable trends are: Video Surveillance is Anticipated to be the Largest Segment.

The number and type of information security breaches affecting UK businesses in 2012. Based on a survey of 1,402 UK businesses, carried out in four separate questionnaires.

Whilst this some of the requested information is held by the NHSBSA, we have exempted some of the figures under section 40(2) subsections 2 and 3(a) of the FOIA because it is personal data of applicants to the VDPS. This is because it would breach the first data protection principle as: a - it is not fair to disclose individual’s personal details to the world and is likely to cause damage or distress. b - these details are not of sufficient interest to the public to warrant an intrusion into the privacy of the individual. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/36/section/40 Information Commissioner Office (ICO) Guidance is that information is personal data if it ‘relates to’ an ‘identifiable individual’ regulated by the UK General Data Protection Regulation (UK GDPR) or the Data Protection Act 2018. The information relates to personal data of the VDPS claimants and is special category data in the form of health information. As a result, the claimants could be identified, when combined with other information that may be in the public domain or reasonably available. Online communities exist for those adversely affected by vaccines they have received. This further increases the likelihood that those may be identified by disclosure of this information. Section 40(2) is an absolute, prejudice-based exemption and therefore is exempt if disclosure would contravene any of the data protection principles. To comply with the lawfulness, fairness, and transparency data protection principle, we either need the consent of the data subject(s) or there must be a legitimate interest in disclosure. In addition, the disclosure must be necessary to meet the legitimate interest and finally, the disclosure must not cause unwarranted harm. The NHSBSA has considered this and does not have the consent of the data subjects to release this information and believes that it would not be possible to obtain consent that meets the threshold in Article 7 of the UK GDPR. The NHSBSA acknowledges that you have a legitimate interest in disclosure of the information to provide the full picture of data held by the NHSBSA; however, we have concluded that disclosure of the requested information would cause unwarranted harm and therefore, section 40(2) is engaged. This is because there is a reasonable expectation that patient data processed by the NHSBSA remains confidential, especially special category data. There are no reasonable alternative measures that could meet the legitimate aim. As the information is highly confidential and sensitive, it outweighs the legitimate interest in the information. Section 41 FOIA This information is also exempt under section 41 of the FOIA (information provided in confidence). This is because the requested information was provided to the NHSBSA in confidence by a third party - another individual, company, public authority or any other type of legal entity. In this instance, details have been provided by the claimants. For Section 41 to be engaged, the following criteria must be fulfilled:

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Cyber Security Breaches Survey, 2024 (CSBS) was run to understand organisations' approaches and attitudes to cyber security, and to understand their experience of cyber security breaches. The aim of the survey was to support the Government by providing evidence that can inform policies which help to make Britain a safer place to do business online. Details of changes for the 2024 survey can be found in the Technical Annex documentation. These surveys have been conducted annually since 2016 to understand the views of UK organisations on cyber security. Data are collected on topics including online use; attitudes of organisations to cyber security and awareness of Government initiatives; approaches to cyber security (including investment and processes); incidences and impact of a cyber security breach or attack; and how breaches are dealt with by the organisation. This information helps to inform Government policy towards organisations, including how best to target key messages to businesses and charities so that they are cyber-secure (and so that the UK is the safest place in the world to do business online). The study is funded by the DSIT as part of the National Cyber Security Programme. The underlying data are useful for researchers to better understand the response across a range of organisations and for wider comparability over time. The survey originally only covered businesses but was expanded to include charities from the 2018 survey onwards. From 2020, the survey includes a sample of education institutions (primary and secondary schools, further and higher education). Please note that the UK Data Service only holds data from 2018 onwards. Further information and additional publications can be found on the GOV.UK Cyber Security Breaches Survey 2024 web page. Main Topics: Organisational cyber security, views, experiences and behaviours of organisations (UK businesses, charities and educational institutions) on cyber security and cyber security breaches. Multi-stage stratified random sample

The Cyber Security Breaches Survey, (CSBS) is run to understand organisations' approaches and attitudes to cyber security, and to understand their experience of cyber security breaches.. The aim of the survey is to support the Government by providing evidence that can inform policies which help to make Britain a safer place to do business online.

These surveys have been conducted annually since 2016 to understand the views of UK organisations on cyber security. Data are collected on topics including online use; attitudes of organisations to cyber security and awareness of Government initiatives; approaches to cyber security (including investment and processes); incidences and impact of a cyber security breach or attack; and how breaches are dealt with by the organisation. This information helps to inform Government policy towards organisations, including how best to target key messages to businesses and charities so that they are cyber secure (and so that the UK is the safest place in the world to do business online). The study is funded by the DCMS as part of the government's £2.6 billion National Cyber Strategy 2022 to protect and promote the UK in cyber space.

The underlying data are useful for researchers to better understand the response across a range of organisations and for wider comparability over time. The survey originally only covered businesses but was expanded to include charities from the 2018 survey onwards. From 2020, the survey includes a sample of education institutions (primary and secondary schools, further and higher education). Please note that the UK Data Service only holds datasets on each specific year from 2018 onwards.

Cyber Security Breaches Survey: Combined Dataset, 2016-2022 includes data from 2016 to 2022. This is cross-sectional data only and not all variables are included in all years. For longitudinal data, please access the Cyber Security Longitudinal Survey: Wave 1, 2021 (available from the UK Data Archive under SN 8969) and onwards.

Further information and additional publications can be found on the GOV.UK Cyber Security Breaches Survey webpage.

A survey conducted in April and May 2023 revealed that around a quarter of United States and United Kingdom organizations were highly concerned about data privacy law enforcement involving their company. A further 35 percent were worried about data breaches and other cybersecurity incidents. Dealing with high costs of privacy law compliance was a concern for approximately 20 percent of the respondents.

Question 2 National Audit Office (NAO) are the auditors of the NHS Pension Scheme Accounts. The main contact at NAO has not consented to the disclosure and is therefore exempt under 40 subsections 2 and 3A (a) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000, as disclosure of this information would be unfair and as such this would breach the UK GDPR first data protection principle because: a) it is not fair to disclose main contact of the NAO personal details to the world and is likely to cause damage or distress. b) these details are not of sufficient interest to the public to warrant an intrusion into the privacy of the main contact of the NAO. NAO have provided the name of the Auditor General, Gareth Davies Government Internal Audit Agency (GIAA) currently provide Internal Audit for the NHSBSA. This includes the following areas of NHS pensions for 2023/24: Member Data McCloud and other Legislative Changes . Pensions Annual Allowance Charge Compensation Scheme (PAACCS) My NHS Pensions Portal Government Internal Audit Agency (GIAA) - The main contact at GIAA has not consented to the disclosure and is therefore exempt under 40 subsections 2 and 3A (a) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000, as disclosure of this information would be unfair and as such this would breach the UK GDPR first data protection principle because: a) it is not fair to disclose main contact of the Government Internal Audit Agency’s personal details to the world and is likely to cause damage or distress. b) these details are not of sufficient interest to the public to warrant an intrusion into the privacy of the main contact of the Government Internal Audit Agency. Please click the below web link to see the exemption in full. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/36/section/40 Question 3 National Audit Office (NAO) National Audit Office 157-197 Buckingham Palace Road London SW1W 9SP Government Internal Audit Agency (GIAA) Governance Team Corporate Services Directorate Government Internal Audit Agency 10 Victoria Street Westminster London SW1H 0NB United Kingdom Question 4