Breast Screening Programme, England, 2022-23

Global Breast Cancer Screening (Programme Data) by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

In 2024, **** percent of breast cancer cases in Sweden were detected during screening. Women between 40 and 74 years should do these screenings every year or every two years in the country. The share detected through screenings increased slightly in 2024 compared to the previous year.

Forecast: Breast Cancer Screening (Programme Data) in Mexico 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

NHS Breast Screening Programme, England 2021-22

Background Information regarding the characteristics and health of women who do and do not attend for breast cancer screening is limited and representative data are difficult to obtain. Methods Information on age, deprivation and prescriptions for various medications was obtained for all women at two UK general practices who were invited to breast cancer screening through the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme. The characteristics of women who attended and did not attend screening were compared. Results Of the 1064 women invited to screening from the two practices, 882 (83%) attended screening. Screening attenders were of a similar age to non-attenders but came from significantly less deprived areas (30% of attenders versus 50% of non-attenders came from the most deprived areas, P < 0.0001) and were more likely to have a current prescription for hormone replacement therapy (32% versus 19%, P < 0.0001). No significant differences in recent prescriptions of medication for hypertension, heart disease, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, asthma, thyroid disease or depression/anxiety were observed between attenders and non-attenders. Conclusion Women who attend the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme come from less deprived areas and are more likely to have a current prescription for hormone replacement therapy than non-attenders, but do not differ in terms of age or recent prescriptions for various other medications.

Some racial and ethnic categories are suppressed for privacy and to avoid misleading estimates when the relative standard error exceeds 30% or the unweighted sample size is less than 50 respondents.

Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey (BRFSS) Data

Why This Matters

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB) and the second leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Breast cancer screenings can save lives by helping to detect breast cancer in its early stages when treatment is more effective.

While non-Hispanic white women and AFAB individuals are more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer than their counterparts of other races and ethnicities, non-Hispanic Black women and AFAB individuals die from breast cancer at a significantly higher rate than their counterparts races and ethnicities.

Later-stage diagnoses and prolonged treatment duration partly explain these disparities in mortality rate. Structural barriers to quality health care, insurance, education, affordable housing, and sustainable income that disproportionately affect communities of color also drive racial inequities in breast cancer screenings and mortality.

The District Response

Project Women Into Staying Healthy (WISH) provides free breast and cervical cancer screenings to uninsured or underinsured women and AFAB adults aged 21 to 64. Patient navigation, transportation assistance, and cancer education are also provided.

DC Health’s Cancer and Chronic Disease Prevention Bureau works with healthcare providers to improve the use of preventative health services and provide breast cancer screening services.

DC Health maintains the District of Columbia Cancer Registry (DCCR) to track cancer incidences, examine environmental substances that cause cancer, and identify differences in cancer incidences by age, gender, race, and geographical location.

The proportion of women eligible for screening who have had a test with a recorded result at least once in the previous 36 months.RationaleBreast screening supports early detection of cancer and is estimated to save 1,400 lives in England each year. This indicator provides an opportunity to incentivise screening promotion and other local initiatives to increase coverage of breast screening.Improvements in coverage would mean more breast cancers are detected at earlier, more treatable stages.Breast screening supports early detection of cancer and is estimated to save 1,400 lives in England each year. This indicator provides an opportunity to incentivise screening promotion and other local initiatives to increase coverage of breast screening.Improvements in coverage would mean more breast cancers are detected at earlier, more treatable stages.Definition of numeratorTested women (numerator) is the number of eligible women aged 53 to 70 registered with a GP with a screening test result recorded in the past 36 months.Definition of denominatorEligible women (denominator) is the number of women aged 53 to 70 years resident in the area (determined by postcode of residence) who are eligible for breast screening at a given point in time, excluding those whose recall has been ceased for clinical reasons (for example, due to previous bilateral mastectomy).CaveatsData for ICBs are estimated from local authority data. In most cases ICBs are coterminous with local authorities, so the ICB figures are precise. In cases where local authorities cross ICB boundaries, the local authority data are proportionally split between ICBs, based on population located in each ICB.The affected ICBs are:Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire;Bedfordshire, Luton and Milton Keynes;Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire West;Cambridgeshire and Peterborough;Frimley;Hampshire and Isle of Wight;Hertfordshire and West Essex;Humber and North Yorkshire;Lancashire and South Cumbria;Norfolk and Waveney;North East and North Cumbria;Suffolk and North East Essex;Surrey Heartlands;Sussex;West Yorkshire.Please be aware that the April 2019 to March 2020, April 2020 to March 2021 and April 2021 to March 2022 data covers the time period affected by the COVID19 pandemic and therefore data for this period should be interpreted with caution.This indicator gives screening coverage by local authority . This is not the same as the indicator based on population registered with primary care organisations which include patients wherever they live. This is likely to result in different England totals depending on selected (registered or resident) population footprint.The indicator excludes women outside the target age range for the screening programme who may self refer for screening.Standards say "Women who are ineligible for screening due to having had a bilateral mastectomy, women who are ceased from the programme based on a ‘best interests’ decision under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 or women who make an informed choice to remove themselves from the screening programme will be removed from the numerator and denominator.There are a number of categories of women in the eligible age range who are not registered with a GP and subsequently not called for screening as they are not on the Breast Screening Select (BS Select) database. Screening units have a responsibility to maximise coverage of eligible women in their target population and should therefore be accessible to women in this category through self referral and GP referral ."This indicator gives screening coverage by local authority . This is not the same as the indicator based on population registered with primary care organisations which include patients wherever they live. This is likely to result in different England totals depending on selected (registered or resident) population footprint.

In 2018, the share of women aged 50-75 years who had received a breast cancer screening in the past two years was lowest in Alaska (67.3 percent) and highest in Rhode Island (87 percent). This statistic displays the percentage of U.S. women aged 50-75 years who received a breast cancer screening in the past two years as of 2018.

Forecast: Breast Cancer Screening (Programme Data) in France 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

In 2023, over ** percent of the women in the Netherlands who were invited to take part in the national breast cancer screening program accepted the invitation. Meanwhile, **** percent of the invitees did not respond and *** percent decided not to participate in the program.

This data set reports results of discrete choice experiment on evaluation of population preferences to breast cancer screening in Belarus. The study is published in PLOS ONE (2019) with the title: "Population preferences for breast cancer screening policies: discrete choice experiment in Belarus"Ethics approval of the research protocol was obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (№17-11) and N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Center of Belarus (№138).Mandrik O, Yaumenenka A, Herrero R, Jonker MF. Population preferences forbreast cancer screening policies: Discrete choice experiment in Belarus.PLoS One. 2019 Nov 1;14(11):e0224667. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224667.eCollection 2019.

Introduction Clustered within the nomenclature of Asian American are numerous subgroups, each with their own ethnic heritage, cultural, and linguistic characteristics. An understanding of the prevailing health knowledge, attitudes, and screening behaviors of these subgroups is essential for creating population-specific health promotion programs. Methods Korean American women (123) completed baseline surveys of breast cancer knowledge, attitudes, and screening behaviors as part of an Asian grocery store-based breast cancer education program evaluation. Follow-up telephone surveys, initiated two weeks later, were completed by 93 women. Results Low adherence to the American Cancer Society's breast cancer screening guidelines and insufficient breast cancer knowledge were reported. Participants' receptiveness to the grocery store-based breast cancer education program underscores the importance of finding ways to reach Korean women with breast cancer early detection information and repeated cues for screening. The data also suggest that the Asian grocery store-based cancer education program being tested may have been effective in motivating a proportion of the women to schedule a breast cancer screening between the baseline and follow-up surveys. Conclusion The program offers a viable strategy to reach Korean women that addresses the language, cultural, transportation, and time barriers they face in accessing breast cancer early detection information.

Context

This dataset includes data from a random sample of 20,000 digital and 20,000 film-screen mammograms received by women age 60-89 years within the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) between January 2005 and December 2008. Some women contribute multiple examinations to the dataset. Data is useful in teaching about data analysis, epidemiological study designs, or statistical methods for binary outcomes or correlated data.

Content

The data set contains 39998 rows and 13 cols. Attributes are described as follows:

| Field Name | **Type (Format) |Description** | Age_At_The_Time_Of_Mammography| number|Patient's age in years at time of mammogram | --- | --- |--- | Radiologists_Assessment| string |Radiologist's assessment based on the BI-RADS scale | --- | --- |--- |Is_Binary_Indicator_Of_Cancer_Diagnosis | boolean |Binary indicator of cancer diagnosis within one year of screening mammogram (false= No cancer diagnosis, true= Cancer diagnosis) | --- | --- |--- |Comparison_Mammogram_From_Mammography | string |Comparison mammogram from prior mammography examination available | --- | --- |--- | Patients_BI_RADS_Breast_Density | string|Patient's BI-RADS breast density as recorded at time of mammogram | --- | --- |--- | Family_History_Of_Breast_Cancer| string |Family history of breast cancer in a first degree relative | --- | --- |--- | Current_Use_Of_Hormone_Therapy | string |Current use of hormone therapy at time of mammogram | --- | --- |--- | Binary_Indicator | string |Binary indicator of whether the woman had ever received a prior mammogram | --- | --- |--- | History_Of_Breast_Biopsy |string |Prior history of breast biopsy | --- | --- |--- | Is_Film_Or_Digital_Mammogram | boolean |Film or digital mammogram (true=Digital mammogram, false=Film mammogram) | --- | --- |--- |Cancer_Type | string |Type of cancer | --- | --- |---

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) for making this data set available for research purposes.

Breast Cancer Big Data

The CSAW-CC dataset includes mammography images from breast cancer screenings at Karolinska University Hospital (Stockholm, Sweden) collected between 2008 and 2015. It contains data for both breast cancer patients and healthy controls, which aims to facilitate the development of AI systems for early breast cancer detection, classification, and prognostics. It includes detailed annotations of lesions by radiologists, which are crucial for training AI models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to detect early-stage cancer and differentiate between benign and malignant tumors.

Key Dataset Features - Columns: Image ID, age, lesion type, and pixel-level tumor annotations. - Data Scope: Over 1,100 cancer cases and 10,000 healthy controls. - Purpose: To improve AI-driven breast cancer detection and risk prediction.

Columns - Image ID: Unique identifier for each mammographic image. - Age: Age of the patient at the time of the screening. - Screening Date: The date when the screening was performed. - Lesion Type: Classification of lesions into benign or malignant. - Image: Mammogram images that serve as the primary input for training AI models. - Annotations: Pixel-level annotations of tumors, including the precise location of detected lesions and micro-calcifications, drawn by expert breast radiologists. Annotations for some images before diagnosis provide the predicted location of potential tumors.

Dataset Ethical Considerations: - The dataset was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Board of Stockholm. The board waived the need for individual informed consent under ethical permission number EPN 2016/2600-31. - Ethical Oversight: Additional ethical reviews were conducted and approved by the Ethical Review Authority of Sweden under permission EPM 2019-01946.

Screening participation rates among women still up to date for organized breast screening.

Proportion of women (age 53-70) offered screening for breast cancer by borough. Women between the ages of 50 and 70 are invited for regular breast screening (every three years) under a national programme. This is intended to detect breast cancer at an early stage. Click here to find out how to access historical data from The Health Needs Assessment toolkit as well as how to access more recent data.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Western women. Fortunately, organized screening has reduced breast cancer mortality. New recommendation by the European Union suggests extending screening with mammography from 50–69-year-old women to 45–74-year-old women. However, before extending screening to new age groups, it’s essential to carefully consider the benefits and costs locally as circumstances vary between different regions and/or countries. We propose a new approach to assess cost-effectiveness of breast cancer screening for a long-ongoing program with incomplete historical screening data. The new model is called flexible stage distribution model. It is based on estimating the breast cancer incidence and stage distributions of breast cancer cases under different screening strategies. The model parameters, for each considered age group, include incidence rates under screening/non-screening, probability distribution among different stages, survival by stages, and treatment costs. Out of these parameters, we use the available data to estimate survival rates and treatment costs, while the modelling is done for incidence rates and stage distributions under screening policies for which the data is not available. In the model, an ongoing screening strategy may be used as a baseline and other screening strategies may be incorporated by changes in the incidence rates. The model is flexible, as it enables to apply different approaches for estimating the altered stage distributions. We apply the proposed flexible stage distribution model for assessing incremental cost of extending the current biennial breast cancer screening to younger and older target ages in Finland.

Abstract The scope of this study was to evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 on breast cancer screening in Brazil. Data were collected from the Ambulatory Information System relating to “bilateral screening mammography” from January/2015 to December/2021. Analyses were performed by region and for Brazil. The average of exams in each month of the year was calculated based on 2015-2019 data, which was compared, monthly, with the number of exams in 2020 and 2021, obtaining the gross and percentage difference between these values. The same analysis was performed for the total number of exams in 2020 and 2021, individually, and for the two years combined. In 2020 there were reductions in the number of exams, which ranged from 25% (North) to 48% (Northeast), resulting in 1.749 million fewer exams than expected in the country (a drop of 44%). In 2021, the Midwest region presented a number of exams 11% higher than expected, while the other regions presented drops between 17% (North) and 27% (Southeast/South), resulting in 927 thousand exams fewer than expected in Brazil (reduction of 23%). In the joint analysis (2020/2021), reductions varied by region from 11% (Midwest) to 35% (Southeast/South), culminating in 2.676 million exams fewer than expected in Brazil (reduction of 33%).

Investigating geographic variations in mammography screening participation and breast cancer incidence help improve prevention strategies to reduce the burden of breast cancer. This study examined the suitability of health insurance claims data for assessing and explaining geographic variations in mammography screening participation and breast cancer incidence at the district level. Based on screening unit data (1,181,212 mammography screening events), cancer registry data (13,241 incident breast cancer cases) and claims data (147,325 mammography screening events; 1,778 incident breast cancer cases), screening unit and claims-based standardized participation ratios (SPR) of mammography screening as well as cancer registry and claims-based standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of breast cancer between 2011 and 2014 were estimated for the 46 districts of the German federal state of Lower Saxony. Bland-Altman analyses were performed to benchmark claims-based SPR and SIR against screening unit and cancer registry data. Determinants of district-level variations were investigated at the individual and contextual level using claims-based multilevel logistic regression analysis. In claims and benchmark data, SPR showed considerable variations and SIR hardly any. Claims-based estimates were between 0.13 below and 0.14 above (SPR), and between 0.36 below and 0.36 above (SIR) the benchmark. Given the limited suitability of health insurance claims data for assessing geographic variations in breast cancer incidence, only mammography screening participation was investigated in the multilevel analysis. At the individual level, 10 of 31 Elixhauser comorbidities were negatively and 11 positively associated with mammography screening participation. Age and comorbidities did not contribute to the explanation of geographic variations. At the contextual level, unemployment rate was negatively and the proportion of employees with an academic degree positively associated with mammography screening participation. Unemployment, income, education, foreign population and type of district explained 58.5% of geographic variations. Future studies should combine health insurance claims data with individual data on socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle factors, psychological factors, quality of life and health literacy as well as contextual data on socioeconomic characteristics and accessibility of mammography screening. This would allow a comprehensive investigation of geographic variations in mammography screening participation and help to further improve prevention strategies for reducing the burden of breast cancer.