The dataset contains the following information from 12 Middle Eastern countries from 1990 to 2020 (namely Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen): • The population (according to the United Nations population statistics) • The GDPs of countries (constant 2010 US dollar) in the studied period (collected from World Bank datasets) • Energy consumption in the Middle East by fuel (collected from the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Outlook and British Petroleum (BP) statistical review) • The rate of carbon dioxide emissions in the Middle East by fuel (collected from the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Outlook and British Petroleum (BP) statistical review)

Global primary energy consumption has increased dramatically in recent years and is projected to continue to increase until 2045. Only hydropower and renewable energy consumption are expected to increase between 2045 and 2050 and reach 30 percent of the global energy consumption. Energy consumption by country The distribution of energy consumption globally is disproportionately high among some countries. China, the United States, and India were by far the largest consumers of primary energy globally. On a per capita basis, it was Qatar, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and Iceland to have the highest per capita energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption Over the last two decades, renewable energy consumption has increased to reach over 90 exajoules in 2023. Among all countries globally, China had the largest installed renewable energy capacity as of that year, followed by the United States.

Recommended citation

Gütschow, J.; Günther, A.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R. (2021): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.2 (1850-2018). zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4479172.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Content

• Use of the dataset and full description
• Abstract
• Support
• Sources
• Files included in the dataset
• Notes
• Data format description (columns)
• Changelog
• References

Use of the dataset and full description

Before using the dataset, please read this document and the article describing the methodology, especially the section on uncertainties and the section on limitations of the method and use of the dataset.

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Gebel, R.; Stevens, D.; Krapp, M.; Rocha, M. (2016): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 571-603, doi:10.5194/essd-8-571-2016

Please notify us (johannes.guetschow@pik-potsdam.de) if you use the dataset so that we can keep track of how it is used and take that into consideration when updating and improving the dataset.

When using this dataset or one of its updates, please cite the DOI of the precise version of the dataset used and also the data description article which this dataset is supplement to (see above). Please consider also citing the relevant original sources when using the PRIMAP-hist dataset. See the full citations in the References section further below.

Support

If you encounter possible errors or other things that should be noted, please check our issue tracker at github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist and report your findings there.

If you need support in using the dataset or have any other questions regarding the dataset, please contact johannes.guetschow@pik-potsdam.de.

Abstract

The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas, covering the years 1850 to 2018, and all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU), and Agriculture is available. Due to data availability and methodological issues, version 2.2 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF).

The PRIMAP-hist v2.2 dataset is an updated version of

Gütschow, J.; Jeffery, L.; Gieseke, R.; Günther, A. (2019): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series v2.1 (1850-2017). GFZ Data Services. doi:10.5880/pik.2019.018.

The Changelog indicates the most important changes. You can also check the issue tracker on github.com/JGuetschow/PRIMAP-hist for additional information on issues found after the release of the dataset.

Sources

• Global CO₂ emissions from cement production v4 (Andrew 2019) data, paper Andrew (2019a), Andrew (2019b)
• BP Statistical Review of World Energy website: British Petroleum (2020)
• CDIAC data: Boden et al. (2017)
• EDGAR versions 4.2 and 4.2 FT2010: EDGAR v4.2, EDGAR v4.2 FT2010: JRC and PBL (2011), Olivier and Janssens-Maenhout (2012)
• EDGAR version 5.0: data, paper: JRC and PBL (2017), Crippa et al. (2019)
• EDGAR-HYDE 1.4 data: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001)
• FAOSTAT database data: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2020)
• RCP historical data data, paper: Meinshausen et al. (2011)
• UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries website, data: UNFCCC (2020b), Gieseke and Gütschow (2020)
• UNFCCC Biennial Update Reports website: UNFCCC (2020a)
• UNFCCC Common Reporting Format (CRF) website, paper, data: Gütschow et al. (2020b) UNFCCC (2019a) (processed as described in Jeffery et al. (2018a). PRIMAP-hist contains updated CRF data for Hungary, compared to the published PRIMAP-crf dataset)

Files included in the dataset

• PRIMAP-hist_v2.2_19-Jan-2021.csv: With numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2018.
• PRIMAP-hist_no_extrapolation_v2.2_19-Jan-2021.csv: Without numerical extrapolation of missing values and not including the country groups mentioned in section country.
• PRIMAP-hist_v2.2_data-description.pdf: Data description including changelog.
• PRIMAP-hist_v2.2_updated_figures.pdf: Updated figures from the PRIMAP-hist paper published in ESSD.

Notes

• Emissions from international aviation and shipping are not included in the dataset.
• Emissions from Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) are not included in this dataset.

Data format description (columns)

“scenario”

• HISTCR: In this scenario country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCC) is prioritized over third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP).
• HISTTP: In this scenario third-party data (CDIAC, FAO, Andrew, EDGAR, BP) is prioritized over country-reported data (CRF, BUR, UNFCCC)

“country”

ISO 3166 three-letter country codes or custom codes for groups:

Code    Region description
----    -------
EARTH   Aggregated emissions for all countries.
ANNEXI   Annex I Parties to the Convention
NONANNEXI Non-Annex I Parties to the Convention
AOSIS   Alliance of Small Island States
BASIC   BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India and China)
EU28    European Union
LDC    Least Developed Countries
UMBRELLA  Umbrella Group

Table: Additional “country” codes.

“category”

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories for emissions. Some aggregate sectors have been added to the hierarchy. These begin with the prefix IPCM instead of IPC.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Category code Description




IPCM0EL    National Total excluding LULUCF
IPC1     Energy
IPC1A     Fuel Combustion Activities
IPC1B     Fugitive Emissions from Fuels
IPC1B1    Solid Fuels
IPC1B2    Oil and Natural Gas
IPC1B3    Other Emissions from Energy Production
IPC1C     Carbon Dioxide Transport and Storage
       (currently no data available)
IPC2     Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)
IPC2A     Mineral Industry
IPC2B     Chemical Industry
IPC2C     Metal Industry
IPC2D     Non-Energy Products from Fuels and Solvent Use
IPC2E     Electronics Industry
       (no data available as the category is only used for
       fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level
       of category IPC2)
IPC2F     Product uses as Substitutes for Ozone Depleting Substances
       (no data available as the category is only used for
       fluorinated gases which are only resolved at the level
       of category IPC2)
IPC2G     Other Product Manufacture and Use
IPC2H     Other
IPCMAG    Agriculture, sum of IPC3A and IPCMAGELV
IPC3A    

Die vorliegende Statistik zeigt die Entwicklung der Erdölreserven von Katar in den Jahren von 1990 bis 2020 in Milliarden Tonnen. Zu den nachgewiesenen Erdölreserven zählen laut Quelle im Allgemeinen Mengen, die nach geologischen und ingenieurtechnischen Informationen aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach aus den heute bekannten Vorkommen und unter den derzeitigen wirtschaftlichen und technischen Bedingungen künftig gefördert werden können. Im Jahr 2020 beliefen sich die Erdölreserven von Katar auf rund *** Milliarden Tonnen. Der BP Statistical Review of World Energy erschien erstmalig 1951. Er enthält Zahlen, Daten und Fakten über die weltweite Produktion und den Verbrauch von Öl, Gas, Kohle, Kern- und Wasserkraft und erneuerbaren Energien.