Mortgage rates surged at an unprecedented pace in 2022, with the average 10-year fixed rate doubling between March and December of that year. In response to mounting inflation, the Bank of England implemented a series of rate hikes, pushing borrowing costs steadily higher. By October 2025, the average 10-year fixed mortgage rate stood at **** percent. As financing becomes more expensive, housing demand has cooled, weighing on market sentiment and slowing house price growth. How have the mortgage hikes affected the market? After surging in 2021, the number of residential properties sold fell significantly in 2023, dipping to just above *** million transactions. This contraction in activity also dampened mortgage lending. Between the first quarter of 2023 and the first quarter of 2024, the value of new mortgage loans declined year-on-year for five consecutive quarters. Even as rates eased modestly in 2024 and housing activity picked up slightly, volumes remained well below the highs recorded in 2021. How are higher mortgages impacting homebuyers? For homeowners, the impact is being felt most acutely as fixed-rate deals expire. Mortgage terms in the UK typically range from two to ten years, and many borrowers who locked in historically low rates are now facing significantly higher repayments when refinancing. By the end of 2026, an estimated five million homeowners will see their mortgage deals expire. Roughly two million of these loans are projected to experience a monthly payment increase of up to *** British pounds by 2026, putting additional pressure on household budgets and constraining affordability across the market.

The benchmark interest rate in Pakistan was last recorded at 11 percent. This dataset provides - Pakistan Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the budget balance in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP) in Austria stood at -4.64 percent. Between 1988 and 2024, the figure dropped by 1.27 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. From 2024 to 2030, the budget balance will rise by 1.05 percentage points, showing an overall upward trend with periodic ups and downs.The indicator describes the general government net lending / borrowing, which is calculated as revenue minus total expenditure. The International Monetary Fund defines the general government expenditure as consisting of total expenses and the net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. The general government revenue consists of the revenue from taxes, social contributions, grants receivable, and other revenue.

India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Compounded Interest Support Scheme for Loan Moratorium data was reported at 18,327.200 INR mn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 46,269.300 INR mn for 2021. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Compounded Interest Support Scheme for Loan Moratorium data is updated yearly, averaging 32,298.250 INR mn from Mar 2021 (Median) to 2022, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46,269.300 INR mn in 2021 and a record low of 18,327.200 INR mn in 2022. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Compounded Interest Support Scheme for Loan Moratorium data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB036: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Subsidy to Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) on Interest Subvention of 2% for Repayment of Shishu Loan data was reported at 7,750.000 INR mn in 2021. Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Subsidy to Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) on Interest Subvention of 2% for Repayment of Shishu Loan data is updated yearly, averaging 7,750.000 INR mn from Mar 2021 (Median) to 2021, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,750.000 INR mn in 2021 and a record low of 7,750.000 INR mn in 2021. Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Financial Services: Subsidy to Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) on Interest Subvention of 2% for Repayment of Shishu Loan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB036: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

In the third quarter of 2024, household debt in the United States amounted to over 71.66 percent of its GDP. It can be generally observed that U.S. households are more indebted by the end of the year than in any other quarter. The debt of households peaked in the last quarter of 2020, reaching the highest value since 2013. Debt to GDP ratio As it can be observed here, the household debt to GDP ratio decreased overall in the recent years. The steady growth of the gross domestic product in the United States could be a factor explaining this tendency. If the volume of debt grows at a slower pace than the GDP, the debt to GDP ratio would decrease. In addition to that, the overall value of mortgage debt in the U.S., which is the most significant component of the household debt, decreased from 2012 to the third quarter of 2014, but it has rebounded since then. Public debt in the U.S. Public debt in the United States, which is the amount of money borrowed by the government to finance budget deficits, has been increasing almost every single year. Not only that, but according to that forecast it is also expected to keep increasing during the coming years. The major holders of American government debt, as of December 2023, were Federal Reserve and government accounts and foreign and international holders. The ratio of national debt to GDP of the United States was higher than that of other major economies, but lower than that of Japan. Some of the lowest debt to GDP ratios were observed in Hong Kong SAR, Kuwait, and Turkmenistan.