Summary statistics of business dynamism taken from the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD), UK.

The Business Structure Database (BSD) contains a small number of variables for almost all business organisations in the UK. The BSD is derived primarily from the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR), which is a live register of data collected by HM Revenue and Customs via VAT and Pay As You Earn (PAYE) records. The IDBR data are complimented with data from ONS business surveys. If a business is liable for VAT (turnover exceeds the VAT threshold) and/or has at least one member of staff registered for the PAYE tax collection system, then the business will appear on the IDBR (and hence in the BSD). In 2004 it was estimated that the businesses listed on the IDBR accounted for almost 99 per cent of economic activity in the UK. Only very small businesses, such as the self-employed were not found on the IDBR.

The IDBR is frequently updated, and contains confidential information that cannot be accessed by non-civil servants without special permission. However, the ONS Virtual Micro-data Laboratory (VML) created and developed the BSD, which is a 'snapshot' in time of the IDBR, in order to provide a version of the IDBR for research use, taking full account of changes in ownership and restructuring of businesses. The 'snapshot' is taken around April, and the captured point-in-time data are supplied to the VML by the following September. The reporting period is generally the financial year. For example, the 2000 BSD file is produced in September 2000, using data captured from the IDBR in April 2000. The data will reflect the financial year of April 1999 to March 2000. However, the ONS may, during this time, update the IDBR with data on companies from its own business surveys, such as the Annual Business Survey (SN 7451).

The data are divided into 'enterprises' and 'local units'. An enterprise is the overall business organisation. A local unit is a 'plant', such as a factory, shop, branch, etc. In some cases, an enterprise will only have one local unit, and in other cases (such as a bank or supermarket), an enterprise will own many local units.

For each company, data are available on employment, turnover, foreign ownership, and industrial activity based on Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)92, SIC 2003 or SIC 2007. Year of 'birth' (company start-up date) and 'death' (termination date) are also included, as well as postcodes for both enterprises and their local units. Previously only pseudo-anonymised postcodes were available but now all postcodes are real.

The ONS is continually developing the BSD, and so researchers are strongly recommended to read all documentation pertaining to this dataset before using the data.

Linking to Other Business Studies
These data contain IDBR reference numbers. These are anonymous but unique reference numbers assigned to business organisations. Their inclusion allows researchers to combine different business survey sources together. Researchers may consider applying for other business data to assist their research.

Latest Edition Information
For the sixteenth edition (March 2024), data files and a variable catalogue document for 2023 have been added.

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Data base of large business groups and their structure. Updated: Ad hoc. Data available for 2005/06

Numbers of enterprises and local units produced from a snapshot of the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) taken on 8 March 2024.

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Details of ministerial, official and Freedom of Information correspondence. External person name, SPVA case officer and remarks.

United Kingdom E Commerce: Business: Over Website: 1000+ Employees data was reported at 45.700 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 43.700 % for 2015. United Kingdom E Commerce: Business: Over Website: 1000+ Employees data is updated yearly, averaging 44.200 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2016, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.500 % in 2012 and a record low of 33.000 % in 2008. United Kingdom E Commerce: Business: Over Website: 1000+ Employees data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.S031: E Commerce: Proportion of Businesses Making E Commerce Sales.

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The Annual Respondents Database X (ARDx) has been created to allow users of Annual Respondents Database (ARD) (held at the UK Data Archive under SN 6644) to continue analysis even though the Annual Business Inquiry (ABI) which was used to create ARD ceased in 2008. ARDx contains harmonised variables from 1997 to 2020.

ARDx is created from two ONS surveys, the Annual Business Inquiry (ABI; 1998-2008, held at the UK Data Archive under SN 6644) and the Annual Business Survey (ABS; 2009 onwards, held at the UK Data Archive under SN 7451). The ABI has an employment survey (ABI1) and a second survey for financial information (ABI2). ABS only collects financial data, and so is supplemented with employment data from the Business Register and Employment Survey (BRES; 2009 onwards, held at the UK Data Archive under SN 7463).

ARDx consists of six types of files: 'respondent files' which have reported and derived information from survey questionnaire responses; and 'universe files' which contain limited information on all business that are within scope of the ABI/ABS. These files are provided at both the Reporting Unit and Local Unit levels. There are also 'register panel' and "capital stock" files.

Linking to other business studies
These data contain Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) reference numbers. These are anonymous but unique reference numbers assigned to business organisations. Their inclusion allows researchers to combine different business survey sources together. Researchers may consider applying for other business data to assist their research.

For the fifth edition (December 2023), ARDx Version 4.0 for 1997-2020 has been provided, replacing Version 3. Coverage has thus been expanded to include 1997 and 2015-2020.

Note to users
Due to the limited nature of the documentation available for ARDx, users are advised to consult the documentation for the Annual Business Survey (UK Data Archive SN 7451) for detailed information about the data.

For Secure Lab projects applying for access to this study as well as to SN 6697 Business Structure Database and/or SN 7683 Business Structure Database Longitudinal, only postcode-free versions of the data will be made available.

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Operators in this industry develop, publish and distribute database management, storage and remote-backup software systems. Operators may also assist in the installation and maintenance of the software systems. This industry further includes the development and publishing of middleware, which acts as an intermediary between databases and business analytics software. The industry does not include hardware manufacturing, operating system publishing or business analytics software publishing.

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UK: Other Taxes Payable by Businesses: % of Commercial Profits data was reported at 1.700 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.600 % for 2016. UK: Other Taxes Payable by Businesses: % of Commercial Profits data is updated yearly, averaging 1.600 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2017, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.600 % in 2009 and a record low of 1.500 % in 2013. UK: Other Taxes Payable by Businesses: % of Commercial Profits data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Business Environment. Other taxes payable by businesses include the amounts paid for property taxes, turnover taxes, and other small taxes such as municipal fees and vehicle and fuel taxes.; ; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Unweighted average; Data are presented for the survey year instead of publication year.

Real-time database to accompany revision triangles, by quarter, chained volume measures, seasonally adjusted, UK.

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