Brent fell to 63.05 USD/Bbl on December 2, 2025, down 0.19% from the previous day. Over the past month, Brent's price has fallen 2.84%, and is down 14.36% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Brent crude oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

On October 27, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 65.14 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 61.31 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 67.54 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. Oil prices rose slightly that week.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for global oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (where a contract is agreed upon while product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

View market daily updates and historical trends for Brent Crude Oil Spot Price. Source: Energy Information Administration. Track economic data with YChart…

Crude Oil fell to 59.17 USD/Bbl on December 2, 2025, down 0.25% from the previous day. Over the past month, Crude Oil's price has fallen 3.08%, and is down 15.40% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Crude Oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

As of August 2025, the average annual price of Brent crude oil stood at 71.3 U.S. dollars per barrel. This is over nine U.S. dollars lower than the 2024 average. Brent is the world's leading price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. Crude oil is one of the most closely observed commodity prices as it influences costs across all stages of the production process and consequently alters the price of consumer goods as well. What determines crude oil benchmarks? In the past decade, crude oil prices have been especially volatile. Their inherent inelasticity regarding short-term changes in demand and supply means that oil prices are erratic by nature. However, since the 2009 financial crisis, many commercial developments have greatly contributed to price volatility, such as economic growth by BRIC countries like China and India, and the advent of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling in the U.S. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war are examples of geopolitical events dictating prices. Light crude oils - Brent and WTI Brent Crude is considered a classification of sweet light crude oil and acts as a benchmark price for oil around the world. It is considered a sweet light crude oil due to its low sulfur content and low density and may be easily refined into gasoline. This oil originates in the North Sea and comprises several different oil blends, including Brent Blend and Ekofisk crude. Often, this crude oil is refined in Northwest Europe. Another sweet light oil often referenced alongside UK Brent is West Texas Intermediate (WTI). WTI oil prices amounted to 76.55 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2024.

Brent crude oil is projected to have an average annual spot price of 67.22 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2025, according to a forecast from May 2025. This would mean a decrease of more than 13 U.S. dollars compared to the previous year and also reflect a reduced forecast WTI crude oil price. Lower economic activity, an increase in OPEC+ production output, and uncertainty over trade tariffs all impacted price forecasting. All about Brent Also known as Brent Blend, London Brent, and Brent petroleum, Brent Crude is a crude oil benchmark named after the exploration site in the North Sea's Brent oilfield. It is a sweet light crude oil but slightly heavier than West Texas Intermediate. In this context, sweet refers to a low sulfur content and light refers to a relatively low density when compared to other crude oil benchmarks. Price development in the 2020s Oil prices are volatile, impacted by consumer demand and discoveries of new oilfields, new extraction methods such as fracking, and production caps routinely placed by OPEC on its member states. The price for Brent crude oil stood at an average of just 42 U.S. dollars in 2020, when the coronavirus pandemic resulted in a sudden demand drop. Two years later, sanctions on Russian energy imports had pushed up prices to a new decade-high, above 100 U.S. dollars per barrel.

Investing in crude oil Brent involves buying contracts for the future delivery of Brent crude oil. Learn about the different methods of investing in Brent crude oil, such as futures contracts, ETFs, and stocks of oil companies. Understand the risks and factors that can impact the oil market, and the importance of conducting thorough research and diversifying investment portfolios. Find out more about investing in Brent crude oil for potential returns.

Context

Extracted data from Investing .com by building a web scraper which could extract data if Start and End Date are given as parameters. You could find the scaper code here. Copper ,Gold, Crude Oil , Brent Oil , Natural Gas, Silver Prices variation of each of the commodities from the last 10 Years .

Copper

Copper prices are up 20% year to date, supported in part by a rebounding economy in the U.S. and other parts of the world as the pandemic comes under control. Improving economies are key to copper demand since it's an industrial metal that's a good conductor of electricity. Copper is found in a host of items from air conditioning units and televisions to cars. The base metal may also benefit from President Joe Biden's infrastructure plan and the growing appetite for electric vehicles. That's spurred investor interest in the red metal, but buyers need to do plenty of research. Commodities are unlike traditional stock and bond investing, as these markets have different fundamental drivers that affect pricing.

Gold

Gold has traditionally been regarded as a superior investment asset. It has become a safe haven for investors all around the world in recent years. Gold, in particular, possesses all of the characteristics that a traditional investor seeks in an asset class. Investing in gold has always shown to be a successful approach to combat inflation.

Crude Oil

Crude oil is at the heart of many global industries. It is the power that moves most vehicles, allows factories to operate and is used to generate electricity. Oil’s importance to mankind has made it a valuable commodity for many companies and countries. Along with its derivatives, crude oil is the most traded commodity in the world.

Brent Oil

Brent oil is a major benchmark price for purchases of oil worldwide. While Brent Crude oil is sourced from the North Sea the oil production coming from Europe, Africa and the Middle East flowing West tends to be priced relative to this oil. The Brent prices displayed in Trading Economics are based on over-the-counter (OTC) and contract for difference (CFD) financial instruments. Our market prices are intended to provide you with a reference only, rather than as a basis for making trading decisions. Trading Economics does not verify any data and disclaims any obligation to do so.

Natural Gas

The US Energy Information Administration says natural gas is the most widely used fuel for space heating in the US, and it has also started to beat out coal as the top fuel for power generation. Even so, demand for natural gas around the world can be volatile as it is very much dependent on the weather.

Silver

Silver may be used as an investment like other precious metals. It has been regarded as a form of money and store of value for more than 4,000 years, although it lost its role as legal tender in developed countries when the use of the silver standard came to a final end in 1935.

Acknowledgements

For this dataset I depended upon Investing.com to scrape the data . It's the premier source for financial, economic, and alternative datasets, serving investment professionals. Investing’s platform is used by over 400,000 people, including analysts from the world’s top hedge funds, asset managers and investment banks.

Urals Oil fell to 54.22 USD/Bbl on December 1, 2025, down 0.37% from the previous day. Over the past month, Urals Oil's price has fallen 7.52%, and is down 17.95% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Urals Crude.

Graph and download economic data for CBOE Crude Oil ETF Volatility Index (OVXCLS) from 2007-05-10 to 2025-12-01 about ETF, VIX, volatility, crude, stock market, oil, and USA.

The 2025 annual OPEC basket price stood at ***** U.S. dollars per barrel as of August. This would be lower than the 2024 average, which amounted to ***** U.S. dollars. The abbreviation OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and includes Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and the United Arab Emirates. The aim of the OPEC is to coordinate the oil policies of its member states. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq. The OPEC Reference Basket The OPEC crude oil price is defined by the price of the so-called OPEC (Reference) basket. This basket is an average of prices of the various petroleum blends that are produced by the OPEC members. Some of these oil blends are, for example: Saharan Blend from Algeria, Basra Light from Iraq, Arab Light from Saudi Arabia, BCF 17 from Venezuela, et cetera. By increasing and decreasing its oil production, OPEC tries to keep the price between a given maxima and minima. Benchmark crude oil The OPEC basket is one of the most important benchmarks for crude oil prices worldwide. Other significant benchmarks are UK Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and Dubai Crude (Fateh). Because there are many types and grades of oil, such benchmarks are indispensable for referencing them on the global oil market. The 2025 fall in prices was the result of weakened demand outlooks exacerbated by extensive U.S. trade tariffs.

Context

This is the oil price and the share price of a few companies.

Content

The share price contains the following columns: Date,Open,High,Low,Close,Adj Close,Volume The oil price contains the following columns: date and brent oil price

Acknowledgements

The oil price is obtained from the website of the U.S Energy Information administration: https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=rbrte&f=D

Share price dataset in a daily frequency from a few companies:

To download the dataset I use Yahoo finance. The following link is an example to download the share price dataset: https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/quote/RDSB.L/history?period1=946684800&period2=1499122800&interval=1d&filter=history&frequency=1d

Inspiration

This study investigates the impact of oil market uncertainty on the volatility of Chinese sector indexes. We utilize commonly used realized volatility of WTI and Brent oil price along with the CBOE crude oil volatility index (OVX) to embody the oil market uncertainty. Based on the sample span from Mar 16, 2011 to Dec 31, 2019, this study utilizes vector autoregression (VAR) model to derive the impacts of the three different uncertainty indicators on Chinese stock volatilities. The empirical results show, for all sectors, the impact of OVX on sectors volatilities are more economically and statistically significant than that of realized volatility of both WTI and Brent oil prices, especially after the Chinese refined oil pricing reform of March 27, 2013. That implies OVX is more informative than traditional WTI and Brent oil prices with respect to volatility spillover from oil market to Chinese stock market. This study could provide some important implications for the participants in Chinese stock market.

Maximum unit root module of each VAR models (GARCH volatilities).

Context

Data series employed in this study include 2197 daily observations of crude oil price, sustainability benchmark indices of the United States, and India for the period 2011-2019 daily. The crude oil prices (Brent crude in US dollars per barrel) are collected from the website of the U.S. Energy Information Administration (www.eia.gov). The Indian sustainability benchmark index is S&P BSE-Carbonex, and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI), the US benchmark index for sustainability. The closing values of India and the US's sustainability indices are collected from the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and S&P Global websites. The S&P BSE Carbonex index is intended to provide equity investors an opportunity to mitigate the climate change-related risks connected to their investments in the long run. It is based on S&P BSE 100 weights compared to the companies' carbon performance (level of greenhouse gas emissions). DJSI-US, the United States' sustainability index, has 126 constituents and ensures the investment option in U.S securities that applies sustainability practices (BSE, 2014; S&P Global, 2021).

Acknowledgements

A, BHUVANESKUMAR (2021), “Dataset on crude oil prices and sustainability indices of the USA and India”, Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/c29vkmx2y2.1

Graph and download economic data for Crude Oil Prices: Brent - Europe (MCOILBRENTEU) from May 1987 to Oct 2025 about crude, oil, Europe, commodities, and price.

Returns of the series used in the publication "Return connectedness between energy commodities and stock markets: New evidence from 31 energy sector companies in Europe" (Just M, Kliber A, Echaust K)

This data is made up of daily stock prices and commodities' futures of a range of variables including NASDAQ clean focused price index, ARCA technology price index, Brent oil futures, Henry hub natural gas futures, Newcastle coal futures, carbon emission futures and green information technology stock price. The dataset supports empirical analysis which examines the volatility of clean energy stock returns (CERs) given the aggregate influence of energy security elements (ESEs) internal to CERs and the individuals influences of a range of exogenous variables including oil futures, natural gas futures, coal futures, carbon emission futures and green information technology stock price.

{"The file dataset.xlsx contains structured financial time series data prepared for an event study analysis (ESA) examining market reactions to the onset of the Russia–Ukraine war. The dataset encompasses observations from a diversified selection of asset classes, including: (i) safe-haven assets (gold, silver, platinum, Bitcoin), (ii) energy commodities (Brent crude oil, WTI crude oil, natural gas, coal, EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) allowances), (iii) energy equities (68 stocks from the S&P 1500 classified under the Energy sector), (iv) the S&P 500 index, and (v) energy-related cryptocurrencies (Electrify.Asia, Energy Web Token, Grid+, Power Ledger, SunContract, Efforce, and WePower). For abnormal return estimation, each asset group is matched with an appropriate benchmark index in accordance with ESA methodology: the Dow Jones Precious Metals Index (for gold, silver, and platinum), the CMC Crypto 200 Index (for Bitcoin and energy-related cryptocurrencies), the S&P GSCI Index (for energy commodities), the S&P 500 Index (for energy equities), and the MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI) for the general market. Event date is set to February 24, 2022, marking the outbreak of the full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. The estimation window comprises 252 daily price observations ending on December 31, 2021 (inclusive). The event window extends from t = –30 to t = +30 relative to the event date. The dataset is formatted to facilitate empirical testing of market efficiency, price sensitivity to geopolitical shocks, and asset class-specific abnormal return dynamics."}

The p values of PP test of WTI, Brent and 11 Chinese sector volatilities estimated from GARCH models.