The index ranges from 0.0, when all families (households) have equal shares of income (implies perfect equality), to 1.0 when one family (household) has all the income and the rest have none (implies perfect inequality). Index data is provided for California and its counties, regions, and large cities/towns. The data is from the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey. The table is part of a series of indicators in the Healthy Communities Data and Indicators Project of the Office of Health Equity. Income is linked to acquiring resources for healthy living. Both household income and the distribution of income across a society independently contribute to the overall health status of a community. On average Western industrialized nations with large disparities in income distribution tend to have poorer health status than similarly advanced nations with a more equitable distribution of income. Approximately 119,200 (5%) of the 2.4 million U.S. deaths in 2000 are attributable to income inequality. The pathways by which income inequality act to increase adverse health outcomes are not known with certainty, but policies that provide for a strong safety net of health and social services have been identified as potential buffers.Dataset taken from https://data.chhs.ca.gov/dataset/income-inequalityData Dictionary: COLUMN NAMEDEFINITIONFORMATCODINGind_idIndicator IDPlain Text770ind_definitionDefinition of indicator in plain languagePlain TextFree textreportyearYear(s) that the indicator was reportedPlain Text2005-2007, 2008-2010, 2006-2010. 2005-2007, 2008-2010, and 2006-2010 data is from the American Community Survey (ACS), U.S. Census Bureau. The ACS is a continuous survey. ACS estimates are period estimates that describe the average characteristics of the population in a period of data collection. The multiyear estimates are averages of the characteristics over several years. For example, the 2005-2007 ACS 3-year estimates are averages over the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2007. Multiyear estimates cannot be used to say what was going on in any particular year in the period, only what the average value is over the full time period (Source: http://www.census.gov/acs/www/about_the_survey/american_community_survey/).race_eth_codenumeric code for a race/ethnicity groupPlain Text9=Totalrace_eth_nameName of race/ethnic groupPlain Text9=TotalgeotypeType of geographic unitPlain TextPL=Place (includes cities, towns, and census designated places -CDP-. It does not include unincorporated communities); CO=County; RE=region; CA=StategeotypevalueValue of geographic unitPlain Text9-digit Census tract code; 5-digit FIPS place code; 5-digit FIPS county code; 2-digit region ID; 2-digit FIPS state codegeonameName of geographic unitPlain Textplace name, county name, region name, or state namecounty_nameName of county that geotype is inPlain TextNot available for geotypes RE and CAcounty_fipsFIPS code of county that geotype is inPlain Text2-digit census state code (06) plus 3-digit census county coderegion_nameMetopolitan Planning Organization (MPO)-based region name: see MPO_County List TabPlain TextMetropolitan Planning Organizations (MPO) regions as reported in the 2010 California Regional Progress Report (http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tpp/offices/orip/Collaborative%20Planning/Files/CARegionalProgress_2-1-2011.pdf).region_codeMetopolitan Planning Organization (MPO)-based region code: see MPO_CountyList tabPlain Text01=Bay Area; 08=Sacramento Area; 09=San Diego; 14=Southern CaliforniaNumber_HouseholdsNumber of households in a jurisdictionNumericGini_indexCumulative percentage of household income relative to the cumulative percentage of the number of households expressed on a 0 to 1 scale called the Gini Index. The index ranges from 0.0, when all families (households) have equal shares of income, to 1.0, when one family (household) has all the income and the rest none (https://www.census.gov/prod/2000pubs/p60-204.pdf).NumericLL_95CILower limit of 95% confidence intervalNumericLower limit of 95% confidence interval. The 95% confidence limits depict the range within which the percentage would probably occur in 95 of 100 sets of data (if data similar to the present set were independently acquired on 100 separate occasions). In five of those 100 data sets, the percentage would fall outside the limits.UL_95CIUpper limit of 95% confidence intervalNumericUpper limit of 95% confidence interval. The 95% confidence limits depict the range within which the percentage would probably occur in 95 of 100 sets of data (if data similar to the present set were independently acquired on 100 separate occasions). In five of those 100 data sets, the percentage would fall outside the limits.seStandard error of percent NumericThe standard error (SE) of the estimate of the mean is a measure of the precision of the sample mean. The standard error falls as the sample size increases. (Reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1255808/)rseRelative standard error (se/percent * 100) expressed as a percentNumericThe relative standard error (RSE) provides the rational basis for determining which rates may be considered “unreliable.” Conforming to National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) standards, rates that are calculated from fewer than 20 data elements, the equivalent of an RSE of 23 percent or more, are considered unreliable. From: http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/ohir/Documents/OHIRProfiles2014.pdfCA_decileDecilesNumeric"CA_decile" groups places or census tracts into 10 groups (or deciles) according to the distribution of values of the index (Gini_index). The first decile (1) corresponds to the highest Gini indices; the tenth decile (10) corresponds to the lowest Gini indices. Equal values or 'ties' are assigned the mean decile rank. For example, in a database of 100 records where 70 records equal 0, 0 values span from the 1st to 7th deciles (70% of all data records). As a result, all 0 values will be assigned to the 4th decile: the mean between the 1st and 7th deciles. The deciles are only calculated for places and/or census tracts.CA_RRIndex ratio to state indexNumericRatio of local index to state index. This indicates how many times the local index is higher or lower than the state index (Reference: http://health.mo.gov/training/epi/RateRatio-b.html). Values higher than 1 indicate local index is higher than state index.Median_HH_incomeMedian household income data is provided for users to stratify the Gini index by income deciles for places and countiesNumericMedian_HH_decileMedian household income data is provided for users to stratify the Gini index by income deciles for places and countiesNumericversionDate/time stamp of version of dataDate/Timemm/DD/CCYY hh:mm:ss

New York was the state with the greatest gap between rich and poor, with a Gini coefficient score of 0.52 in 2023. Although not a state, District of Columbia was among the highest Gini coefficients in the United States that year.

In 2023, **** percent of Black people living in the United States were living below the poverty line, compared to *** percent of white people. That year, the total poverty rate in the U.S. across all races and ethnicities was **** percent. Poverty in the United States Single people in the United States making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year and families of four making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year are considered to be below the poverty line. Women and children are more likely to suffer from poverty, due to women staying home more often than men to take care of children, and women suffering from the gender wage gap. Not only are women and children more likely to be affected, racial minorities are as well due to the discrimination they face. Poverty data Despite being one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the United States had the third highest poverty rate out of all OECD countries in 2019. However, the United States' poverty rate has been fluctuating since 1990, but has been decreasing since 2014. The average median household income in the U.S. has remained somewhat consistent since 1990, but has recently increased since 2014 until a slight decrease in 2020, potentially due to the pandemic. The state that had the highest number of people living below the poverty line in 2020 was California.

In 2023, the around 11.1 percent of the population was living below the national poverty line in the United States. Poverty in the United StatesAs shown in the statistic above, the poverty rate among all people living in the United States has shifted within the last 15 years. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines poverty as follows: “Absolute poverty measures poverty in relation to the amount of money necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. The concept of absolute poverty is not concerned with broader quality of life issues or with the overall level of inequality in society.” The poverty rate in the United States varies widely across different ethnic groups. American Indians and Alaska Natives are the ethnic group with the most people living in poverty in 2022, with about 25 percent of the population earning an income below the poverty line. In comparison to that, only 8.6 percent of the White (non-Hispanic) population and the Asian population were living below the poverty line in 2022. Children are one of the most poverty endangered population groups in the U.S. between 1990 and 2022. Child poverty peaked in 1993 with 22.7 percent of children living in poverty in that year in the United States. Between 2000 and 2010, the child poverty rate in the United States was increasing every year; however,this rate was down to 15 percent in 2022. The number of people living in poverty in the U.S. varies from state to state. Compared to California, where about 4.44 million people were living in poverty in 2022, the state of Minnesota had about 429,000 people living in poverty.

CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data was reported at 0.159 USD in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.139 USD for 2007. CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data is updated yearly, averaging 0.159 USD from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2010, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.195 USD in 2000 and a record low of 0.139 USD in 2007. CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed in US dollars (2011 PPP). The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.; ; World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.; Weighted average;

Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data was reported at 0.060 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.048 % for 2007. Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data is updated yearly, averaging 0.060 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2010, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.076 % in 2000 and a record low of 0.037 % in 1994. Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, as a percentage of the $1.90 poverty line. The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.;World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019. NOTE: This indicator has been discontinued as of December 2021. Please see the following indicators: SH.UHC.FBP1.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP2.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP1.TO and SH.UHC.FBP2.TO.;Weighted average;

Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data was reported at 0.050 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.043 % for 2007. Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data is updated yearly, averaging 0.050 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2010, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.061 % in 2000 and a record low of 0.043 % in 2007. Canada CA: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % of Poverty Line data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, as a percentage of the $3.20 poverty line. The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.; ; World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.; Weighted average;