This dataset provides monthly, quarterly and annual average regular or premium unleaded gasoline pump prices, taxes and ex-tax pump prices in Canada, USA, France, Germany, Britain and Japan, all converted to Canadian cents per litre.

To view charts and current fuel price data you can also "https://www.ontario.ca/page/motor-fuel-prices">visit the motor fuel prices page.

*[USA]: United States of America

This table contains 5 series, with data for years 1972 - 2010 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2010-05-12. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...) Commodity (5 items: Total; all commodities; Food; Total excluding energy; Energy ...).

The datasets contain the computer code and data required to determine the cost and economic impacts of phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater in Canada and the United States. The datasets supply data to (i) calculate the efficiency and cost of phosphorus recovery from the aqueous phase of digestate and sewage sludge for wastewater resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) as shown in Figure 1; (ii) estimate the average annual per capita phosphorus recovery cost and the household affordability index (HAI) across the second-level territory divisions (census divisions (Canada) and counties (United States)) when excluding and including the offset cost derived from avoiding potential environmental damage caused by phosphorus releases as shown in Figure 2; (iii) supply the distribution of population in urban and rural areas, the treatment level of the WRRFs, and the phosphorus recovery points as a function of the WRRF scale in the studied regions of Canada and the United States as shown in Figure 3; and (iv) describe the distribution of the average phosphorus recovery cost, annual per capita phosphorus recovery costs, and the HAI per studied regions as shown in Figure 4. Data describing the WRRFs’ location and characteristics across the studied regions of Canada and the United States are retrieved from the HydroWASTE database (https://www.hydrosheds.org/products/hydrowaste), including their spatial coordinates, treatment level, treatment design capacity, and population served. The HydroWASTE database reports the WRRF treatment level as primary, secondary, and advanced treatment. Since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency does not define numeric nutrient water quality criteria for secondary wastewater treatment effluents, we consider that only the WRRFs with advanced treatments have specific processes for removing phosphorus from the liquid effluent. To perform the analysis at the second-level divisions, data on total population, distribution of population in urban and rural areas, total income, and average annual income per capita are retrieved at the census division and county level for Canada and the United States, respectively. Data for the year 2020 is considered since it is the most recent information available for both countries. The first-level divisions level corresponds to census divisions of the United States, which provide territorial divisions similar in terms of development, demographic characteristics, and economic activities, being extensively used for collecting and analyzing data throughout the United States. A table of the states included in each United States census division can be found in the Supplementary Information file. The equivalent of the United States census divisions for Canada is the Canadian provinces and territories, although it must be noted that, unlike the case of the United States, their definition is guided by administrative and political considerations instead of statistical criteria.

This table contains 1 series, with data for years 1952 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-18. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Type of exchange rate, United States (1 items: Canadian cents per United States dollar; spot rate adjusted; by working days ...).

This table contains 680 series, with data for years 1968 - 1985 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Import and export major groups and Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) (174 items: Total; import commodity classes;Section I imports; live animals;Section II imports; food; feed; beverages and tobacco;Meat and meat preparations; imports ...), Trading area (2 items: All countries;United States ...), Weighting (2 items: Paasche current weighted;Laspeyres fixed weighted ...).

This dataset provides monthly, quarterly and annual average regular or premium unleaded gasoline pump prices, taxes and ex-tax pump prices in Canada, USA, France, Germany, Britain and Japan, all converted to Canadian cents per litre. To view charts and current fuel price data you can also visit the motor fuel prices page. *[USA]: United States of America

On the continental scale, climate is an important determinant of the distributions of plant taxa and ecoregions. To quantify and depict the relations between specific climate variables and these distributions, we placed modern climate and plant taxa distribution data on an approximately 25-kilometer (km) equal-area grid with 27,984 points that cover Canada and the continental United States (Thompson and others, 2015). The gridded climatic data include annual and monthly temperature and precipitation, as well as bioclimatic variables (growing degree days, mean temperatures of the coldest and warmest months, and a moisture index) based on 1961-1990 30-year mean values from the University of East Anglia (UK) Climatic Research Unit (CRU) CL 2.0 dataset (New and others, 2002), and absolute minimum and maximum temperatures for 1951-1980 interpolated from climate-station data (WeatherDisc Associates, 1989). As described below, these data were used to produce portions of the "Atlas of relations between climatic parameters and distributions of important trees and shrubs in North America" (hereafter referred to as "the Atlas"; Thompson and others, 1999a, 1999b, 2000, 2006, 2007, 2012a, 2015). Evolution of the Atlas Over the 16 Years Between Volumes A & B and G: The Atlas evolved through time as technology improved and our knowledge expanded. The climate data employed in the first five Atlas volumes were replaced by more standard and better documented data in the last two volumes (Volumes F and G; Thompson and others, 2012a, 2015). Similarly, the plant distribution data used in Volumes A through D (Thompson and others, 1999a, 1999b, 2000, 2006) were improved for the latter volumes. However, the digitized ecoregion boundaries used in Volume E (Thompson and others, 2007) remain unchanged. Also, as we and others used the data in Atlas Volumes A through E, we came to realize that the plant distribution and climate data for areas south of the US-Mexico border were not of sufficient quality or resolution for our needs and these data are not included in this data release. The data in this data release are provided in comma-separated values (.csv) files. We also provide netCDF (.nc) files containing the climate and bioclimatic data, grouped taxa and species presence-absence data, and ecoregion assignment data for each grid point (but not the country, state, province, and county assignment data for each grid point, which are available in the .csv files). The netCDF files contain updated Albers conical equal-area projection details and more precise grid-point locations. When the original approximately 25-km equal-area grid was created (ca. 1990), it was designed to be registered with existing data sets, and only 3 decimal places were recorded for the grid-point latitude and longitude values (these original 3-decimal place latitude and longitude values are in the .csv files). In addition, the Albers conical equal-area projection used for the grid was modified to match projection irregularities of the U.S. Forest Service atlases (e.g., Little, 1971, 1976, 1977) from which plant taxa distribution data were digitized. For the netCDF files, we have updated the Albers conical equal-area projection parameters and recalculated the grid-point latitudes and longitudes to 6 decimal places. The additional precision in the location data produces maximum differences between the 6-decimal place and the original 3-decimal place values of up to 0.00266 degrees longitude (approximately 143.8 m along the projection x-axis of the grid) and up to 0.00123 degrees latitude (approximately 84.2 m along the projection y-axis of the grid). The maximum straight-line distance between a three-decimal-point and six-decimal-point grid-point location is 144.2 m. Note that we have not regridded the elevation, climate, grouped taxa and species presence-absence data, or ecoregion data to the locations defined by the new 6-decimal place latitude and longitude data. For example, the climate data described in the Atlas publications were interpolated to the grid-point locations defined by the original 3-decimal place latitude and longitude values. Interpolating the data to the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values would in many cases not result in changes to the reported values and for other grid points the changes would be small and insignificant. Similarly, if the digitized Little (1971, 1976, 1977) taxa distribution maps were regridded using the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values, the changes to the gridded distributions would be minor, with a small number of grid points along the edge of a taxa's digitized distribution potentially changing value from taxa "present" to taxa "absent" (or vice versa). These changes should be considered within the spatial margin of error for the taxa distributions, which are based on hand-drawn maps with the distributions evidently generalized, or represented by a small, filled circle, and these distributions were subsequently hand digitized. Users wanting to use data that exactly match the data in the Atlas volumes should use the 3-decimal place latitude and longitude data provided in the .csv files in this data release to represent the center point of each grid cell. Users for whom an offset of up to 144.2 m from the original grid-point location is acceptable (e.g., users investigating continental-scale questions) or who want to easily visualize the data may want to use the data associated with the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values in the netCDF files. The variable names in the netCDF files generally match those in the data release .csv files, except where the .csv file variable name contains a forward slash, colon, period, or comma (i.e., "/", ":", ".", or ","). In the netCDF file variable short names, the forward slashes are replaced with an underscore symbol (i.e., "_") and the colons, periods, and commas are deleted. In the netCDF file variable long names, the punctuation in the name matches that in the .csv file variable names. The "country", "state, province, or territory", and "county" data in the .csv files are not included in the netCDF files. Data included in this release: - Geographic scope. The gridded data cover an area that we labelled as "CANUSA", which includes Canada and the USA (excluding Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and other oceanic islands). Note that the maps displayed in the Atlas volumes are cropped at their northern edge and do not display the full northern extent of the data included in this data release. - Elevation. The elevation data were regridded from the ETOPO5 data set (National Geophysical Data Center, 1993). There were 35 coastal grid points in our CANUSA study area grid for which the regridded elevations were below sea level and these grid points were assigned missing elevation values (i.e., elevation = 9999). The grid points with missing elevation values occur in five coastal areas: (1) near San Diego (California, USA; 1 grid point), (2) Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) and the Olympic Peninsula (Washington, USA; 2 grid points), (3) the Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada) and southeast Alaska (USA, 9 grid points), (4) the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (22 grid points), and (5) Newfoundland (Canada; 1 grid point). - Climate. The gridded climatic data provided here are based on the 1961-1990 30-year mean values from the University of East Anglia (UK) Climatic Research Unit (CRU) CL 2.0 dataset (New and others, 2002), and include annual and monthly temperature and precipitation. The CRU CL 2.0 data were interpolated onto the approximately 25-km grid using geographically-weighted regression, incorporating local lapse-rate estimation and correction. Additional bioclimatic variables (growing degree days on a 5 degrees Celsius base, mean temperatures of the coldest and warmest months, and a moisture index calculated as actual evapotranspiration divided by potential evapotranspiration) were calculated using the interpolated CRU CL 2.0 data. Also included are absolute minimum and maximum temperatures for 1951-1980 interpolated in a similar fashion from climate-station data (WeatherDisc Associates, 1989). These climate and bioclimate data were used in Atlas volumes F and G (see Thompson and others, 2015, for a description of the methods used to create the gridded climate data). Note that for grid points with missing elevation values (i.e., elevation values equal to 9999), climate data were created using an elevation value of -120 meters. Users may want to exclude these climate data from their analyses (see the Usage Notes section in the data release readme file). - Plant distributions. The gridded plant distribution data align with Atlas volume G (Thompson and others, 2015). Plant distribution data on the grid include 690 species, as well as 67 groups of related species and genera, and are based on U.S. Forest Service atlases (e.g., Little, 1971, 1976, 1977), regional atlases (e.g., Benson and Darrow, 1981), and new maps based on information available from herbaria and other online and published sources (for a list of sources, see Tables 3 and 4 in Thompson and others, 2015). See the "Notes" column in Table 1 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1650-g/table1.html) and Table 2 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1650-g/table2.html) in Thompson and others (2015) for important details regarding the species and grouped taxa distributions. - Ecoregions. The ecoregion gridded data are the same as in Atlas volumes D and E (Thompson and others, 2006, 2007), and include three different systems, Bailey's ecoregions (Bailey, 1997, 1998), WWF's ecoregions (Ricketts and others, 1999), and Kuchler's potential natural vegetation regions (Kuchler, 1985), that are each based on distinctive approaches to categorizing ecoregions. For the Bailey and WWF ecoregions for North America and the Kuchler potential natural vegetation regions for the contiguous United States (i.e.,

Introducing the Indeed Job Postings Index

Hiring Lab's Job Postings Tracker is being re-released as the Indeed Job Postings Index. By Chris Glynn

Indeed Hiring Lab is re-releasing our Job Postings Tracker as the Indeed Job Postings Index, a daily measure of labor market activity that is updated and will continue to be released weekly. Covering seven national markets in the US, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, and Australia, the Indeed Job Postings Index meets one of Hiring Lab’s primary goals: produce high quality and high frequency labor market metrics using Indeed’s proprietary data.

The primary difference between the Indeed Job Postings Index and the legacy Job Postings Tracker is the level. The Indeed Job Postings Index is set to 100 on February 1, 2020, and this effectively provides a uniform level shift of 100 to the existing Job Postings Tracker across all time points.The Job Postings Tracker measured the percent change in postings from February 1st, 2020. For example, if the Job Postings Tracker were 40%, the corresponding Indeed Job Postings Index on the same date would be 140. Additionally, we are now including year-over-year and month-over-month percent changes in the Indeed Job Postings Index as part of our data portal on hiringlab.org/data and on our GitHub page. Month-over-month changes are calculated as 28 day (4 week) differences to control for day of week.

As Covid-19 fades from the global labor market discussion, moving to an index better reflects current economic conditions. The Indeed Job Postings Index allows us to compare job postings more naturally across flexible date ranges as opposed to comparing to the pre-pandemic baseline. It also places Indeed’s job postings metric in a broader class of macroeconomic indexes such as the Case Shiller Index that measures house price appreciation and the Consumer Price Index that measures inflation.

Data Schema Each market covered by a Hiring Lab economist has a folder in this repo. Each folder contains the following files:

aggregate_job_postings_{country_code}.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings and new jobs postings (on Indeed for 7 days or fewer) for that market, as well as non-seasonally adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings.

job_postings_by_sector_{country_code}.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for occupational sectors for that market. We do not share sectoral data for Ireland.

For certain markets, we also share subnational job postings trends. In the United States, we provide:

metro_job_postings_us.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings in US metropolitan areas with a population of at least 500,000 people.

state_job_postings_us.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings in the US states and the District of Columbia.

In Canada, we provide:

provincial_postings_ca.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings in each Canadian provinces. In the United Kingdom, we provide:

regional_postings_gb.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings in each region in the UK.

city_postings_gb.csv This file contains the % change in seasonally-adjusted postings since February 1, 2020 for total job postings in each city in the UK.

Github link: https://github.com/hiring-lab/job_postings_tracker#data-schema Hiring Lab Link: https://www.hiringlab.org/2022/12/15/introducing-the-indeed-job-postings-index/

This table contains 7 series, with data starting from 1972 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada), Commodity (7 items: Total, all commodities; Total excluding energy; Energy; Metals and Minerals; ...).

This table contains 30 series, with data for years 1986 - 2012 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2013-01-09. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (10 items: Canada; United States; France; United Kingdom ...), Consumer Price Index (CPI) (1 items: Consumer Price Index (CPI) ...), Base year (3 items: 1995=100; 2005=100; 2000=100 ...).

These datasets explore disparities in COVID-19 mortality observed in the US and Canada between January 2020 and early March 2021. Table 1 provides counts of deaths, hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and cases, by age, for Ontario, Canada (Canada's most populous province).

Table 2 estimates deaths averted by Canada's response to the COVID-19 pandemic, relative to that in the United States, by "Canada-standardizing" the US epidemic (i.e., by applying US age-specific mortality to Canadian populations, in order to estimate the deaths that would have occurred in a Canadian pandemic with the same rates of death as have been observed in the US). Observed Canadian deaths are compared to "expected" deaths with a US-like response in order to estimate both deaths averted and SMR (Table 2).

As Canadian age groups for purposes of death reporting are slightly different from those used in the US (e.g., 0-17 in the US vs. 0-19 in Canada), we reallocate Canadian deaths based on proportions of deaths occurring in 2-year age categories in Ontario (Table 1).

Ontario age-specific case-fatality is used to inflate the deaths averted, in order to estimate cases averted. Ontario age-specific hospitalization and ICU risk (again derived from Table 1) are used to estimate hospitalizations and ICU admissions averted (Table 2).

As of August 9, 2022, a new dataset has been added which applies the methodology described above to compare deaths in Canada to those in the United Kingdom, France, and Australia. Estimates of QALY loss, and healthcare costs averted, have also been added. Uncertainty bounds are estimated either as parametric confidence intervals, or as upper and lower bound 95% credible intervals through simulation (implemented using the random draw funding in Microsoft Excel).

Errors in confidence intervals for QALY losses in France and Australia corrected February 28, 2023.

The USD/CAD exchange rate fell to 1.3994 on December 2, 2025, down 0.04% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Canadian Dollar has strengthened 0.44%, and is up by 0.54% over the last 12 months. Canadian Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

This table contains 63 series, with data for years 1947 - 2009 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: United States); Components (63 items: Total federal government current receipts; Federal personal current taxes; Federal government income tax receipts; Federal government estate and gift taxes receipts; ...).

This table contains 342 series, with data for years 1986 - 1996 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Trading area (2 items: All countries;United States ...), Weighting (2 items: Paasche current weighted;Laspeyres fixed weighted ...), Import and export major groups and Standard International Trade Classification (SITC revision 2) (150 items: Total; import commodity classes;Section I imports; live animals;Section II imports; food; feed; beverages and tobacco;Meat and meat preparations; imports ...).

This table contains 35 series, with data for years 1913 - 2006 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: United States ...) Components (35 items: Total; all items; Food away from home; Food; Food at home ...).

This product provides Selected Economic Indicators for a thirty-five year period, such as Alberta vs. Canada's Consumer Price Index; Canada Interest (Bank and Prime) Rates; and the Trend of Canada -United States Exchange Rate (US$ per Canada$) for a twenty-five year period.

The North America Surface Water Values point dataset contains the current water level and stream flow values as recorded by Canadian and USA hydrometric gauging station locations.

Daily values are recorded as well as comparisons with historical measurements, including difference in values from the previous day, the mean level for that calendar date, the annual mean water level, and maximum and minumum recorded levels. Percentile values based on historical average for both water level and stream flow are also included.

Real-time gauging station data for Canada is available here: https://wateroffice.ec.gc.ca/search/statistics_e.html

Real-time gauging station data for the United States is available here: https://waterservices.usgs.gov/rest/Statistics-Service.html

Index Time Series for iShares MSCI Multifactor USA Index ETF (CAD- Hedged). The frequency of the observation is daily. Moving average series are also typically included. NA

Time series data for the statistic Net_Trade_in_Goods_and_Services_USD and country Canada. Indicator Definition:Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.The statistic "Net Trade in Goods and Services USD" stands at -5,947,032,089.70 United States Dollars as of 12/31/2024, the lowest value since 12/31/2021. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an decrease of -7,302,317,029.83 United States Dollars compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change is -7,302,317,029.83 United States Dollars.The 3 year change is -7,974,342,342.03 United States Dollars.The 5 year change is 19,591,070,686.02 United States Dollars.The 10 year change is 10,373,966,908.91 United States Dollars.The Serie's long term average value is 2,301,612,109.86 United States Dollars. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is -8,248,644,199.56 United States Dollars lower, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in United States Dollars from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2015, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +32,636,743,781.75 .The Serie's change in United States Dollars from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2005, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is -51,625,142,702.60 .

Lumber fell to 537 USD/1000 board feet on December 1, 2025, down 1.29% from the previous day. Over the past month, Lumber's price has fallen 1.47%, and is down 9.54% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Lumber - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.