The USD/CAD exchange rate rose to 1.3836 on September 12, 2025, up 0.07% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Canadian Dollar has weakened 0.61%, and is down by 1.85% over the last 12 months. Canadian Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

This Gallup poll focuses primarily on politically based questions. The questions ask directly about a respondents intentions and history of voting and their preferred political parties and leaders, as well as addressing other issues of political significance. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical, demographical, and social variables. The topics of interest include: American nuclear testing; whether respondents have been up in an airplane; Canadian defence policy; car ownership; the devaluation of the Canadian dollar; the upcoming federal election; whether hospital rates are too high; whether religion is increasing its influence; teenagers' behaviour improving; television's influence on children; union membership; voting behaviour; and whether women dominate their husbands or vice versa. Basic demographics variables are also included.

Home improvement industry sales reached approximately **** billion Canadian dollars in 2023. This was an increase in comparison to the figure in 2022. Canada is home to many home improvement retailers, with the largest number of stores located in Ontario. Competition for sales When it came to retailers in 2023, Home Depot was the industry leader in terms of annual sales. That year, Home Depot Canada brought in approximately **** billion Canadian dollars in sales. Home Hardware Stores and RONA followed in second and third place, with sales of *** and *** billion Canadian dollars respectively. Nationwide and global success There were a total of *** Home Depot stores in Canada in 2024. That same year, Home Depot had over *** billion customer transactions worldwide, more than double the number of customer transactions of its global competitor, Lowes.

The Gross Domestic Product per capita in Canada was last recorded at 44401.72 US dollars in 2024. The GDP per Capita in Canada is equivalent to 352 percent of the world's average. This dataset provides - Canada GDP per capita - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on mostly social issues. The questions ask opinions about the declining Canadian dollar and the issue of striking within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as the economic conditions, changes in peace of mind and the influence on religion on every day life. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and political variables. Topics of interest include: the biggest threat to Canada; the causes of the declining Canadian dollar; changes in peace of mind; the degree of difficulty with metric conversions; economic conditions; the effect of the declining Canadian dollar; energy situations in the future; essential workers striking; giving workers the right to strike; improving happiness; improving honesty; improving morals; the influence of religion on life; and the value of services provided. Basic demographic variables are also included.

Real GDP of Canada improved by 1.53% from 1,805,692,180,595 US dollars in 2023 to 1,833,284,621,684 US dollars in 2024. Since the 5.04% slump in 2020, real GDP surged by 13.79% in 2024. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2010 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is forecast to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% between 2024 and 2029.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By the Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By the Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion 
CAGR : 10.6%
Europe: Largest market in 2023

Market Summary

The Foreign Exchange (Forex) market, a global financial platform for exchanging one currency for another, is a dynamic and continuously evolving ecosystem. According to the Bank for International Settlements, daily trading volumes reached approximately USD6 trillion in April 2020, representing a significant portion of the world's financial transactions. This market's importance is underscored by its role in facilitating international trade, investment, and tourism. The Forex market's decentralized nature allows for 24/7 trading opportunities, making it an attractive proposition for businesses and investors seeking to manage currency risk or capitalize on price fluctuations. Despite the market's complexity, advanced technologies, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, are increasingly being adopted to enhance trading strategies and improve risk management.
One significant trend is the increasing use of money transfer agencies, venture capital investments, and mutual funds in foreign exchange transactions. These tools enable real-time analysis of market trends and help forecast exchange rates, providing valuable insights for businesses operating in multiple currencies. The Forex market's influence extends beyond traditional financial sectors, with applications in various industries, including tourism, import/export, and international business. As businesses expand their global footprint and economies continue to interconnect, the role and significance of the Forex market are set to grow further.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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The market, a vital component of the global financial system, operates without fail, facilitating the conversion of one currency into another. According to recent data, approximately 6% of daily global trading volume is attributed to this market. Looking ahead, growth is projected to reach over 5% annually. Consider the following comparison: the average daily trading volume in the forex market exceeds that of the New York Stock Exchange by a significant margin. In 2020, the former recorded around USD 6 trillion, while the latter saw approximately USD 136 billion. This disparity underscores the market's immense scale and influence.
Moreover, the forex market's liquidity depth enables efficient price discovery, minimizing transaction security concerns and market impact costs. Automated trading bots and order book depth analysis are essential tools for market participants, allowing for effective backtesting strategies and fraud detection systems. Leverage ratios, transaction fees, and margin requirements are essential factors influencing market accessibility and profitability. High-frequency trading and the presence of liquidity providers contribute to market efficiency and statistical arbitrage opportunities. Regulatory compliance and brokerage services further ensure a secure trading environment. Despite payment processing fees and order flow imbalance, risk tolerance levels remain a crucial consideration for participants.

How is this Foreign Exchange Industry segmented?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is a dynamic and intricate financial ecosystem where businesses and investors transact in various currencies to manage internationa

Nearly half of the surveyed Canadian homeowners planned to spend up to 10,000 Canadian dollars on home renovations in 2021. Nearly a quarter of homeowners had more expensive plans, with anticipated spending of up to 25,000 Canadian dollars. The most popular area to renovate was the outdoor space.

This statistic displays how much consumers spent in an average month in DIY and home improvement stores in Canada as of March 2019. According to a survey carried out by ProdegeMR, some *** percent of respondents stated that they spent over *** Canadian dollars on average per month in DIY and home improvement stores.

Pressures from external competition from banks offering foreign exchange services have limited growth. More foreign currency exchange houses provide services to financial institutions by participating in the supply chain of foreign exchange, supplying banks with banknotes wholesale, or providing the service directly as an outsourced agent. Alongside favorable economic trends during the majority of the five years and the proliferation of online services, operators have expanded demand by extending the reach of their services. In addition, the significant jump in the inbound international travel and international trips by Canadian residents has contributed to boosting industry revenue. Overall, revenue has climbed at a CAGR of 3.1% to $296.4 million over the past five years, including an expected decrease of 1.3% in 2025 alone. Industry profit has climbed to 1.1% of revenue in 2025 due to the growth in travel. Traditional brick-and-mortar locations have benefited from growing inbound international travel that has expanded demand for foreign exchange services in airports and urban centres during most of the period; however, the adverse effects of the pandemic have still played a significant role throughout the reporting period. The growing number of operators offering online services through platforms has expanded the reach of companies, which has increased demand to benefit the industry. The proliferation of foreign currency exchange houses offering online platforms for their services is expected to continue alongside the growth of foreign exchange services for financial institutions. In addition, traditional branch locations are expected to expand due to increased travel patterns and improve economic growth in Canada and globally. However, heavy external competition from financial institutions is unlikely to weaken and will continue to pressure revenue. Overall, revenue is expected to decline at a CAGR of 0.2% to $293.3 million over the five years to 2030.

In 2024, home centers' sales in the United States amounted to an estimated *** billion U.S. dollars. This is a decrease of about three percent compared to the previous year. The total sales of all three home improvement store types in the country combined reached over *** billion U.S. dollars that year.

PPP for private consumption of Canada fell by 1.35% from 1.2 LCU per international dollars in 2023 to 1.2 LCU per international dollars in 2024. Since the 1.80% improve in 2019, PPP for private consumption dropped by 8.61% in 2024. Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for private consumption (i.e., household final consumption expenditure).

Key information about Canada Labour Productivity Growth

• Canada Labour Productivity improved by 0.47 % YoY in Dec 2024, compared with a growth of 0.03 % in the previous quarter
• Canada Labour Productivity Growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1977 to Dec 2024, averaging at 0.79 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 4.15 % in Sep 1999 and a record low of -2.81 % in Dec 1986

The Dollar and Variety Store industry in Canada has been resilient and adaptable in the face of economic shifts and inflationary pressures. Industry revenue has risen over the past five years at a CAGR of 2.8%. With an anticipated growth of 1.0% this year, it will reach $8.3 billion in 2025. These stores have evolved beyond their basic, impulse-buy roots, gaining traction with middle-income consumers by diversifying product lines and enhancing customer experiences. With over 85% of Canadians living within 10 kilometres of a Dollarama, according to the company’s estimates, their accessibility and broadened offerings have made them essential in the retail landscape. Despite tight and fluctuating profit driven by volatile input costs, the temperance of inflation promises more predictability, setting the stage for future growth. Over the past five years, these stores have skillfully leveraged economic volatility to their advantage. The spike in 2020 revenue by 11.8% highlights their ability to capture budget-conscious shoppers during the pandemic downturn. They’ve navigated through shifts in per capita disposable income and spikes in the consumer price index by emphasizing their affordable essentials. Dollar stores’ adaptability and emphasis on in-store innovations, like strategic product placements and optimized queue lines, have kept them afloat against external competition. By revamping aesthetics and introducing national brands, dollar stores have shattered negative stereotypes and set new standards for chic, budget-friendly shopping. The next five years hold promising potential, tempered with challenges. Revenue is projected to climb at a CAGR of 1.1%, hitting $8.8 billion in 2030. Major chains like Dollarama and Dollar Tree are expected to drive this growth through aggressive expansion and tech investments. These strategies will ensure they remain competitive amid increased pressure from major retailers like Amazon and Temu. As consumers continue tightening their wallets with an expected 0.7% annual decline in disposable income, dollar stores are poised to capture this bargain-hunting demographic. By embracing advancements in AI and inventory management, they aim to enhance shopping experiences and extend their market reach. With anticipated interest rate cuts potentially lowering operational costs, these stores are set to consolidate their position in Canada’s evolving retail scene.

As of June 2023, there were ***** home improvement centers across Canada, of which *** were in the province of Ontario. In contrast, there were only **** home improvement stores in Yukon. In 2022, The Home Depot was the leading home improvement retailer in the country, with sales amounting over ** billion Canadian dollars.

Personal remittances, received of Canada improved by 0.50% from 847,193,219 US dollars in 2023 to 851,437,898 US dollars in 2024. Since the 37.35% slump in 2020, personal remittances, received grew by 3.60% in 2024. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Wire and cable manufacturers have endured significant volatility in recent years. Producers have been subject to significant demand fluctuations, largely from the construction and manufacturing sectors. Unfavourable macroeconomic conditions, including high interest rates and economic uncertainty, have contributed to weaker demand from the construction and telecommunications markets. Similarly, economic uncertainty caused manufacturing activity to weaken, contributing to revenue losses. However, the ongoing economic recovery and significant investment in new infrastructure from the government have supported growth and enabled the industry to recover from pandemic-related losses. These trends have led revenue to grow at an estimated 0.7% to $3.2 billion through the end of 2024, including revenue remaining steady during that year. Domestic manufacturers face significant competition from foreign manufacturers, as lower operating costs in countries like Mexico and China attract price-conscious buyers, while imports from the United States appeal to buyers looking for high-quality, innovative products. These trends have resulted in import penetration accounting for nearly half of domestic demand, harming domestic producers. Imports have become more of a threat in recent years, as the strengthening of the loonie makes imported wire and cable more attractive to domestic buyers. Fluctuating metal prices, largely copper and aluminum, have experienced extreme volatility recently. Wire and cable producers generally pass rising purchase costs to consumers through higher prices, enabling revenue to grow. However, price-based competition, enhanced by heightened import penetration, has prevented manufacturers from efficiently passing down these cost increases, pressuring profit. Improving economic conditions will benefit manufacturers over the coming years. Copper and aluminum prices are set to grow during this time, supporting revenue growth, albeit slower than the previous period. However, significant input price volatility creates threats for the future, particularly as import penetration and price-based competition remain high. Although the depreciation of the Canadian dollar will weaken import penetration, foreign manufacturers' significant cost advantages will keep imported wire and cable relevant within the industry. The continuous recovery of the construction and manufacturing sectors will support revenue growth. As a result, revenue is set to grow at an estimated CAGR of 2.7% to $3.6 billion through 2029.

Inflationary headwinds have strained consumers' discretionary budgets, limiting their use of airlines even as they prioritized travel. Airlines repurposed many of their aircraft into "preighters" (passenger freighters) to address supply chain issues by carrying cargo and making up for lost revenue, but high interest rates have weighed on freight volumes. Inbound travel has surged as Canada becomes an increasingly popular tourist destination, but many of these passengers choose to fly aboard competing airlines based overseas. Revenue has been expanding at a CAGR of 23.8% to an estimated $32.8 billion over the five years to 2025, including an expected 2.7% rise in 2025 alone. The double-digit CAGR is attributed to the low baseline caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Airlines have slowly liberalized in recent years as the Canadian government has eased aviation regulation, enabling the emergence of low-cost carriers and altering the competitive environment. In 2019, the industry's largest operator, Air Canada, announced plans to acquire the leisure airline Air Transat, but regulators struck the acquisition down. Despite this, Air Canada still dominates air travel nationwide, accounting for over half of the industry's revenue. In 2024, the landscape remains challenging. The discount airline market has seen contractions with major discount carriers declaring bankruptcy, leading to increased market concentration and benefiting established airlines like Air Canada. While high operational costs continue slowing the profit recovery, profitability remains on an uptrend. In addition, inbound tourism from international travelers is outpacing Canadian travel abroad, which supports demand for the airline sector. Looking ahead, the Canadian airline sector faces both opportunities and risks. Rising consumer incomes and a potential increase in corporate travel will support growth in demand for air travel. The expansion of high-income households is expected to positively impact revenue. Nevertheless, macroeconomic uncertainties, including potential trade tensions and a volatile Canadian dollar, pose risks that may dampen international travel. Falling oil prices might improve profitability by reducing operational costs, yet heightened competition could limit the ability to raise ticket prices. The industry's outlook remains clouded, with macroeconomic conditions, the trade war, in particular, playing a pivotal role in shaping its future trajectory. Revenue is forecast to decline at a CAGR of 0.1% over the next five years, reaching an estimated $32.6 billion in 2030.

Producers of athletic and sporting goods have faced significant revenue volatility in recent years. Shifts in consumer behaviour increasingly prioritizing well-being and health care have made athletic and sporting goods more attractive to buyers. In recent years, manufacturers have struggled with significant supply chain disruptions, contributing to significant input price volatility (mainly impacting crude oil, rubber and textiles), pushing operating costs higher and harming domestic sales. Volatile operating costs have also directly impacted profit, but growing sales have made producers more lucrative. Improving macroeconomic conditions, including rising disposable income and cooling inflation, have supported revenue gains in recent years, but these have been unable to make up for revenue losses in 2020 and 2021, when the pandemic tampered with physical activity amid stay-at-home orders and social distancing requirements. These trends have resulted in revenue weakening at an estimated CAGR of 3.4% to $1.1 billion through 2025, including a 2.3% gain that year alone. Domestic producers face significant competition from foreign manufacturers, as lower operating costs overseas, mainly in the form of lower wage requirements and fewer environmental regulations, result in affordable imports. Since consumers are becoming increasingly price-conscious, elevated import penetration threatens domestic performance. Although the Canadian dollar has been weakening, supporting export activity, lower-priced imports continue to hold significant influence over the domestic market. More recently, Canadian producers have faced heightened uncertainty surrounding trade relations with the United States, a major trading partner. Tariffs on Canadian goods, excluding those protected by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, will likely impact trade dynamics moving forward, threatening export performance. Over the coming years, domestic producers will benefit from growing interest in sports. Governments and organizations around the world will continue to raise awareness regarding the health benefits of exercise. A hike in consumer spending and per capita disposable income will boost demand for apparel and equipment related to exercise and sports. Manufacturers will continue to target specific markets, creating customer-centric product portfolios to remain competitive. Similarly, producers will focus on developing innovative, high-quality equipment to appeal to other international markets. Imported equipment will remain more affordable and continue to threaten demand for domestic producers. Moreover, trade conditions, particularly with the United States, will remain uncertain over the coming years. Sporting goods manufacturing revenue is forecast to expand at a CAGR of 0.6% to $1.2 billion through 2030.

Energy intensity of Canada slipped by 1.68% from 6.55 MJ per dollar of GDP in 2021 to 6.44 MJ per dollar of GDP in 2022. Since the 1.01% improve in 2017, energy intensity dropped by 8.39% in 2022. Energy intensity level of primary energy is the ratio between energy supply and gross domestic product measured at purchasing power parity at constant prices of 2011. Energy intensity is an indication of how much energy is used to produce one unit of economic output. Lower ratio indicates that less energy is used to produce one unit of output.