Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide, accounting for 1.82 million deaths in 2022. The second most deadly form of cancer is colorectum cancer, followed by liver cancer. However, lung cancer is only the sixth leading cause of death worldwide, with heart disease and stroke accounting for the highest share of deaths. Male vs. female cases Given that lung cancer causes the highest number of cancer deaths worldwide, it may be unsurprising to learn that lung cancer is the most common form of new cancer cases among males. However, among females, breast cancer is by far the most common form of new cancer cases. In fact, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide, followed by prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is a very close second to lung cancer among the cancers with the highest rates of new cases among men. Male vs. female deaths Lung cancer is by far the deadliest form of cancer among males but is the second deadliest form of cancer among females. Breast cancer, the most prevalent form of cancer among females worldwide, is also the deadliest form of cancer among females. Although prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer among men, it is the fifth deadliest cancer. Lung, liver, stomach, colorectum, and oesophagus cancers all have higher deaths rates among males.

In 2022, there were over 9.7 million cancer deaths worldwide. It is projected that the number of deaths due to cancer worldwide will increase to almost 18.5 million by 2050. The most prevalent type of cancer in 2022 was breast cancer with around 48 prevalent cases per 100,000 population. However, lung cancer is by far the deadliest type of cancer.

Lung Cancer Lung cancer is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. In 2022, around 1.82 million cancer deaths, or 19 percent of all cancer deaths worldwide were attributed to lung cancer. Long-term smoking is known to be a major cause of lung cancer. People who never quit smoking are 24 percent more likely to die before age 65 than people who never smoked in their lives.

Treatment In 2023, it was estimated that there were around 4,492 cancer immunotherapy products in R&D phases, as well as another 3,622 other cancer products in the R&D product pipeline. In the same year, it was projected that there were 965 active drugs for breast cancer, as well as 925 active drugs for non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer had the highest rate of death among all cancer types worldwide in 2022. In that year, there were around 17 deaths from trachea, bronchus and lung cancer per 100,000 population. The death rate for all cancers was 91.1 per 100,000 population. This statistic shows the rate of cancer deaths worldwide in 2022, by type of cancer.

Breast cancer was the cancer type with the highest rate of death among females worldwide in 2022. That year, there were around 13 deaths from breast cancer among females per 100,000 population. The death rate for all cancers among females was 76.4 per 100,000 population. This statistic displays the rate of cancer deaths among females worldwide in 2022, by type of cancer.

Introduction

Cancer Statistics: Cancer continues to be a major global health challenge, with significant increases in both incidence and mortality. In 2022, there were an estimated 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths worldwide. The most common cancers included lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, and stomach cancers. The global cancer burden is projected to rise substantially, with estimates suggesting 35.3 million new cases and 18.5 million cancer-related deaths by 2050.

This increase is attributed to factors such as population growth, aging, and exposure to risk factors like tobacco use, obesity, and environmental pollutants. The economic impact of cancer is also profound, with direct medical costs in the United States alone reaching nearly $209 billion in 2020.

These statistics underscore the urgent need for enhanced prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies to address the growing cancer burden globally. The information is presented from a market researcher's point of view, incorporating the latest data and trends.

Lung cancer was the cancer type with the highest rate of death among males worldwide in 2022. In that year there were around 25 deaths from trachea, bronchus and lung cancer among males per 100,000 population. The death rate for all cancers among males was 109 per 100,000 population. This statistic shows the rate of cancer deaths among males worldwide in 2022, by type of cancer.

ObjectiveLung cancer is responsible for millions of deaths yearly, and its burden is severe worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the burden of lung cancer in the population of Wuhan based on the surveillance data from 2010 to 2019.MethodsData of this study was obtained from the Mortality Register System established by the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The study systematically analyzed the burden of lung cancer deaths in the population of Wuhan and its 13 administrative regions from 2010 to 2019 via the Joinpoint regression models, Age-Period-Cohort (APC) models, and decomposition analysis.ResultsThis study found the upward and downward trends in the age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and age-standardized years of life lost rates (ASYLLRs) of lung cancer from 2010 to 2019. In Joinpoint regression models, the corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were 1.00% and -1.90%, 0.60%, and -3.00%, respectively. In APC models, lung cancer mortality tended to increase with age for both sexes in Wuhan, peaking at the 85-89 age group; The period effects for different populations have started to gradually decline in recent years. In addition, the cohort effects indicated that the risk of lung cancer death was highest among those born in the 1950s-1955s, at 1.08 (males) and 1.01 (females). Among all administrative districts in Wuhan, the ASMR of lung cancer in the Xinzhou District has remained the highest over the study period. In decomposition analysis, both population aging (P

IntroductionThe burden of cancer-related mortality of common malignancies has been reported worldwide. However, whether bone cancer (BC), as a highly aggressive and heterogeneous group of rare cancers, followed a similar or distinct epidemiological pattern during such process remains largely unknown. We aimed to analyze the mortality and the temporal trends of BC in relation to gender, age, and premature death in Shanghai, China.MethodsWe conducted a population-based analysis of the mortality data of BC in Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA) from 2005 to 2020. The epidemiological characteristics and long-term trends in crude mortality rates (CMRs), age-standardized mortality rates worldwide (ASMRWs), and rate of years of life lost (YLL) was analyzed using the Joinpoint regression program. The demographic and non-demographic factors affecting the mortality rate were evaluated by the decomposition method.ResultsThere are 519 BC-specific deaths accounting for 0.15% of all 336,823 deaths and 0.49% of cancer-specific death in PNA. The CMR and ASMRW of BC were 1.15/105 person-year and 0.61/105 person-year, respectively. The YLL due to premature death from BC was 6,539.39 years, with the age group of 60–69 years having the highest YLL of 1,440.79 years. The long-term trend of CMR, ASMRW, and YLL rate significantly decreased by −5.14%, −7.64%, and −7.27%, respectively, per year (all p < 0.05) in the past 16 years. However, the proportion of BC-specific death within the total cancer-specific death dropped to a plateau without further improvement since 2016, and a remarkable gender and age disparity was noticed in the observed reduction in mortality. Specifically, the elderly benefited less but accounted for a larger percentage of BC population in the last decades. Although the overall mortality of BC decreased, there was still a significant upward trend toward an increased mortality rate caused by the aging of the BC patients.ConclusionOur study provides novel insights on the epidemiological characteristics and longitudinal dynamics of BC in a fast urbanization and transitioning city. As a rare disease affecting all ages, the burden of BC among the elderly emerged to form an understudied and unmet medical need in an aging society.

Age-standardised rate of mortality from oral cancer (ICD-10 codes C00-C14) in persons of all ages and sexes per 100,000 population.RationaleOver the last decade in the UK (between 2003-2005 and 2012-2014), oral cancer mortality rates have increased by 20% for males and 19% for females1Five year survival rates are 56%. Most oral cancers are triggered by tobacco and alcohol, which together account for 75% of cases2. Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of the more common forms of oral cancer. The risk among cigarette smokers is estimated to be 10 times that for non-smokers. More intense use of tobacco increases the risk, while ceasing to smoke for 10 years or more reduces it to almost the same as that of non-smokers3. Oral cancer mortality rates can be used in conjunction with registration data to inform service planning as well as comparing survival rates across areas of England to assess the impact of public health prevention policies such as smoking cessation.References:(1) Cancer Research Campaign. Cancer Statistics: Oral – UK. London: CRC, 2000.(2) Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Winn DM et al. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res 1988; 48: 3282-7. (3) La Vecchia C, Tavani A, Franceschi S et al. Epidemiology and prevention of oral cancer. Oral Oncology 1997; 33: 302-12.Definition of numeratorAll cancer mortality for lip, oral cavity and pharynx (ICD-10 C00-C14) in the respective calendar years aggregated into quinary age bands (0-4, 5-9,…, 85-89, 90+). This does not include secondary cancers or recurrences. Data are reported according to the calendar year in which the cancer was diagnosed.Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2019 have been adjusted where needed to take account of the MUSE ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2020. Detailed guidance on the MUSE implementation is available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/causeofdeathcodinginmortalitystatisticssoftwarechanges/january2020Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2013 have been double adjusted by applying comparability ratios from both the IRIS coding change and the MUSE coding change where needed to take account of both the MUSE ICD-10 coding change and the IRIS ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2014. The detailed guidance on the IRIS implementation is available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/impactoftheimplementationofirissoftwareforicd10causeofdeathcodingonmortalitystatisticsenglandandwales/2014-08-08Counts of deaths for years up to and including 2010 have been triple adjusted by applying comparability ratios from the 2011 coding change, the IRIS coding change and the MUSE coding change where needed to take account of the MUSE ICD-10 coding change, the IRIS ICD-10 coding change and the ICD-10 coding change introduced in 2011. The detailed guidance on the 2011 implementation is available at https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160108084125/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/classifications/international-standard-classifications/icd-10-for-mortality/comparability-ratios/index.htmlDefinition of denominatorPopulation-years (aggregated populations for the three years) for people of all ages, aggregated into quinary age bands (0-4, 5-9, …, 85-89, 90+)

Liberia LR: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70 data was reported at 17.600 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 17.200 % for 2015. Liberia LR: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70 data is updated yearly, averaging 18.000 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.000 % in 2005 and a record low of 17.200 % in 2015. Liberia LR: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Liberia – Table LR.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD is the percent of 30-year-old-people who would die before their 70th birthday from any of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, or chronic respiratory disease, assuming that s/he would experience current mortality rates at every age and s/he would not die from any other cause of death (e.g., injuries or HIV/AIDS).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

Number and rate of new cancer cases diagnosed annually from 1992 to the most recent diagnosis year available. Included are all invasive cancers and in situ bladder cancer with cases defined using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Groups for Primary Site based on the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3). Random rounding of case counts to the nearest multiple of 5 is used to prevent inappropriate disclosure of health-related information.

For both sexes of all ages, the total number of cancer deaths was estimated to be approximately 9.74 million in 2022. Almost one fifth of these deaths were from lung cancer. This statistic describes the distribution of cancer deaths worldwide in 2022, sorted by type of cancer.

BackgroundUnderstanding the effects of demographic drivers on lung cancer mortality trends is critical for lung cancer control. We have examined the drivers of lung cancer mortality at the global, regional, and national levels.MethodsData on lung cancer death and mortality were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for lung cancer and all-cause mortality were calculated to measure temporal trends in lung cancer from 1990 to 2019. Decomposition analysis was used to analyze the contributions of epidemiological and demographic drivers to lung cancer mortality.ResultsDespite a non-significant decrease in ASMR [EAPC = −0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.1 to 0.49], the number of deaths from lung cancer increased by 91.8% [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 74.5–109.0%] between 1990 and 2019. This increase was due to the changes in the number of deaths attributable to population aging (59.6%), population growth (56.7%), and non-GBD risks (3.49%) compared with 1990 data. Conversely, the number of lung cancer deaths due to GBD risks decreased by 19.8%, mainly due to tobacco (−12.66%), occupational risks (−3.52%), and air pollution (−3.47%). More lung cancer deaths (1.83%) were observed in most regions, which were due to high fasting plasma glucose levels. The temporal trend of lung cancer ASMR and the patterns of demographic drivers varied by region and gender. Significant associations were observed between the contributions of population growth, GBD risks and non-GBD risks (negative), population aging (positive), and ASMR in 1990, the sociodemographic index (SDI), and the human development index (HDI) in 2019.ConclusionPopulation aging and population growth increased global lung cancer deaths from 1990 to 2019, despite a decrease in age-specific lung cancer death rates due to GBD risks in most regions. A tailored strategy is needed to reduce the increasing burden of lung cancer due to outpacing demographic drivers of epidemiological change globally and in most regions, taking into account region- or gender-specific risk patterns.

Users can access data about cancer statistics, specifically incidence and mortality worldwide for the 27 major types of cancer. Background Cancer Mondial is maintained by the Section of Cancer Information (CIN) of International Agency for Research on Cancer by the World Health Organization. Users can access CIN databases including GLOBOCAN, CI5(Cancer Incidence in Five Continents), WHO, ACCIS(Automated Childhood Cancer Information System), ECO (European Cancer Observatory), NORDCAN and Survcan. User functionality Users can access a variety of databases. CIN Databases: GLOBOCAN provides acces s to the most recent estimates (for 2008) of the incidence of 27 major cancers and mortality from 27 major cancers worldwide. CI5 (Cancer Incidence in Five Continents) provides access to detailed information on the incidence of cancer recorded by cancer registries (regional or national) worldwide. WHO presents long time series of selected cancer mortality recorded in selected countries of the world. Collaborative projects: ACCIS (Automated Childhood Cancer Information System) provides access to data on cancer incidence and survival of children collected by European cancer registries. ECO (European Cancer Observatory) provides access to the estimates (for 2008) of the incidence of, and mortality f rom 25 major cancers in the countries of the European Union (EU-27). NORDCAN presents up-to-date long time series of cancer incidence, mortality, prevalence and survival from 40 cancers recorded by the Nordic countries. SurvCan presents cancer survival data from cancer registries in low and middle income regions of the world. Data Notes Data is available in different formats depending on which type of data is accessed. Some data is available in table, PDF, and html formats. Detailed information about the data is available.

Introduction

Breast Cancer Statistics: Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent and concerning health challenges, mostly among women. It is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in the United States. The impact of breast cancer is significant, with millions of new cases diagnosed each year and hundreds of thousands of deaths attributed to the disease.

This article will provide critical insights into the incidence, survival rates, mortality, and disparities across different demographics, including age, race, and ethnicity. Understanding the latest statistics on breast cancer is crucial for driving progress in reducing the incidence and mortality rates, improving survival outcomes, and ultimately, finding a cure.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Cancer Cachexia market size is USD XX million in 2024 and will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX from 2024 to 2031.

• The global Cancer Cachexia market will expand significantly by XX% CAGR between 2024 and 2031. • North America held a market of around XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. • Asia Pacific held the major market of more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. • Latin America's market will have more than XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. • Middle East and Africa held the major market of around XX% of the global revenue with a market size of USD XX million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% from 2024 to 2031. • According to Cognitive Market Research, Progestogens is the dominant therapeutic segment for the cancer cachexia market. • According to Cognitive Market Research, Appetite Stimulators is the dominant mechanism action segment for the cancer cachexia market.

MARKET DYNAMICS:

Key Drivers

Increase in the incidence of cancer fuels the demand for Cancer Cachexia Treatment

One of the key drivers behind the significant growth in cancer cachexia treatment is the rising prevalence of cancer globally. As cancer rates continue to increase, particularly in aging populations, the demand for effective cachexia management strategies grows accordingly. For instance. For instance, The International Agency Research on Cancer- Globocan 2020 report states that out of 19,292,789 new cancer cases recognized worldwide in 2020, 9,958,133 deaths were attributed to cancer. There will be 50,550,287 cancer cases worldwide in the next five years, according to forecasts. By 2040, 28,887,940 new cases of cancer are expected worldwide. (Source:https://www.uicc.org/news/globocan-2020-global-cancer-data) Furthermore, according to GLOBOCAN 2020, 495,773 pancreatic, 604,100 esophageal, 1,414,259 prostate, and 1,148,515 colon cancer cases were identified worldwide in 2020, accounting for 2,206771 new cancer cases. Cachexia is very common in patients with the cancer types listed above, so over the next few years, there will be a growing need for cancer cachexia treatment. Thus, the increase in cancer incidence surges demand for advanced therapeutics drugs, which drives the growth of cancer cachexia market.

Key Restrain

The stringent government policies and high cost associated with the treatment hampers Cancer Cachexia market growth

The stringent government policies and the high costs associated with the treatment presents a significant barrier to the growth of the market. Since terminally sick cancer patients are more likely to experience cancer cachexia, yet medications used to treat this disorder typically have to closely follow the same guidelines as other cancer medications. Many countries have lengthy approval processes for pharmaceuticals, particularly those connected to cancer, due to strict regulatory standards. The amount of time needed for countries to approve cancer medications following their current national regulatory criteria varies greatly. For instance, The CHMP in Europe has 210 days to provide its opinion. This is followed by a period of decision-making phase which may extend upto three months. As a result, patients typically acquire access to promising medications (such as those for cancer cachexia) at varying times. This significantly limits the majority of large corporations' capacity marketing ability. Many individuals miss out on potentially necessary treatment that might be utilized to improve their quality of life because cancer cachexia drugs are given to terminally ill patients due to delayed authorization in various nations (Source:https://extranet.who.int/prequal/sites/default/files/document_files/article_58_guidelines.pdf) In addition, the expense of treating cancer patients with cachexia is significantly higher than that of t...

BackgroundThe exponential growth of the cancer burden attributable to metabolic factors deserves global attention. We investigated the trends of cancer mortality attributable to metabolic factors in 204 countries and regions between 1990 and 2019.MethodsWe extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 and assessed the mortality, age-standardized death rate (ASDR), and population attributable fractions (PAFs) of cancers attributable to metabolic factors. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to assess the changes in the ASDR. The cancer mortality burden was evaluated according to geographic location, SDI quintiles, age, sex, and changes over time.ResultsCancer attributable to metabolic factors contributed 865,440 (95% UI, 447,970-140,590) deaths in 2019, a 167.45% increase over 1990. In the past 30 years, the increase in the number of deaths and ASDR in lower SDI regions have been significantly higher than in higher SDI regions (from high to low SDIs: the changes in death numbers were 108.72%, 135.7%, 288.26%, 375.34%, and 288.26%, and the AAPCs were 0.42%, 0.58%, 1.51%, 2.36%, and 1.96%). Equatorial Guinea (AAPC= 5.71%), Cabo Verde (AAPC=4.54%), and Lesotho (AAPC=4.42%) had the largest increase in ASDR. Large differences were observed in the ASDRs by sex across different SDIs, and the male-to-female ratios of ASDR were 1.42, 1.50, 1.32, 0.93, and 0.86 in 2019. The core population of death in higher SDI regions is the age group of 70 years and above, and the lower SDI regions are concentrated in the age group of 50-69 years. The proportion of premature deaths in lower SDI regions is significantly higher than that in higher SDI regions (from high to low SDIs: 2%, 4%, 7%, 7%, and 9%). Gastrointestinal cancers were the core burden, accounting for 50.11% of cancer deaths attributable to metabolic factors, among which the top three cancers were tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, followed by colon and rectum cancer and breast cancer.ConclusionsThe cancer mortality burden attributable to metabolic factors is shifting from higher SDI regions to lower SDI regions. Sex differences show regional heterogeneity, with men having a significantly higher burden than women in higher SDI regions but the opposite is observed in lower SDI regions. Lower SDI regions have a heavier premature death burden. Gastrointestinal cancers are the core of the burden of cancer attributable to metabolic factors.

cancer therapeutics and biotherapeutics Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global cancer therapeutics and biotherapeutics market size stood at USD 195.8 billion in 2024, reflecting robust demand and innovation in oncology treatments. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 8.7% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 418.7 billion by 2033. This impressive growth is driven by the increasing incidence of cancer worldwide, rapid advancements in biotherapeutic modalities, and the ongoing introduction of novel, targeted therapies that enhance patient outcomes.

A key growth factor for the cancer therapeutics and biotherapeutics market is the rising global cancer burden. According to the World Health Organization, cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with over 20 million new cases and 10 million deaths in 2024. The aging population, lifestyle changes, environmental factors, and improved diagnostic capabilities are contributing to the escalating prevalence of various cancer types. This has led to a heightened demand for innovative and effective therapeutic solutions, spurring investments in research and development by both public and private entities. In particular, the emergence of precision medicine and personalized therapies has revolutionized cancer care, offering hope for improved survival rates and quality of life for patients.

Another significant driver is the rapid advancement and adoption of biotherapeutics, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and cell therapies. These modalities have demonstrated superior efficacy and safety profiles compared to traditional chemotherapies, leading to their widespread adoption in clinical practice. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are increasingly focusing on the development of next-generation biotherapeutics, leveraging cutting-edge technologies like CRISPR, CAR-T, and bispecific antibodies. The expanding pipeline of innovative drugs, coupled with expedited regulatory approvals and favorable reimbursement policies in key markets, is accelerating the commercialization of novel cancer therapies and broadening patient access to life-saving treatments.

Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and digital health tools is transforming the landscape of cancer therapeutics and biotherapeutics. These technologies are enabling more accurate tumor profiling, better patient stratification, and optimized treatment regimens, ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes. Collaborations between academic institutions, research organizations, and industry stakeholders are fostering a vibrant ecosystem for oncology innovation. Additionally, growing awareness among patients and healthcare providers about the benefits of targeted and immunotherapeutic approaches is driving uptake and supporting market expansion. The convergence of scientific breakthroughs, supportive policy frameworks, and patient-centric care models is expected to sustain the robust growth trajectory of the cancer therapeutics and biotherapeutics market over the forecast period.

Regionally, North America remains the dominant market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States, in particular, benefits from a well-established healthcare infrastructure, strong R&D capabilities, and high healthcare expenditure. However, the Asia Pacific region is witnessing the fastest growth, fueled by rising cancer incidence, increasing healthcare investments, and expanding access to advanced therapies in countries like China, Japan, and India. Europe continues to play a pivotal role, driven by supportive regulatory environments and active participation in global oncology research initiatives. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually emerging as promising markets, supported by improving healthcare access and growing awareness about cancer therapies.

Product Type Analysis

The cancer therapeutics and biother

Annual percent change and average annual percent change in age-standardized cancer incidence rates since 1984 to the most recent diagnosis year. The table includes a selection of commonly diagnosed invasive cancers, as well as in situ bladder cancer. Cases are defined using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Groups for Primary Site based on the World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) from 1992 to the most recent data year and on the International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) from 1984 to 1991.

BackgroundNASH-associated liver cancer (NALC) is a significant contributor to global cancer mortality, closely linked to the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study comprehensively examines the global burden of NALC from 1990 to 2021.MethodsThis study used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to analyze NALC death and age-standardized death rates (ASDR) globally and regionally from 1990 to 2021. We applied Joinpoint regression analysis to assess temporal trends, calculating the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Decomposition analysis was performed to break down mortality changes into contributions from population aging, growth, and epidemiological changes. A frontier analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between NALC burden and sociodemographic development using the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). Prediction analysis of NALC deaths and ASDR from 2021 to 2045 were estimated using the Nordpred model.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the global burden of NALC deaths increased significantly, with the ASDR rising from 0.38 per 100,000 in 1990 to 0.48 per 100,000 in 2021. Age-specific data in 2021 revealed that NALC deaths peaked in the 65–69 age group for men and 70–74 age group for women. Decomposition analysis indicated that population growth was the most significant contributor to the global NALC death toll, followed by population aging and epidemiological changes. Frontier analysis showed that countries like Mongolia and Gambia were farthest from the disease burden frontier, while Morocco and Ukraine were closest. Prediction analysis suggest a significant increase in NALC deaths by 2045 compared to 2021, with a larger rise in deaths among women.ConclusionThrough this study, a data-driven approach is provided to reduce the global disease burden of NALC. Essential data support for public health prevention strategies is offered, helping guide the development of targeted government interventions. Trends across global regions, countries, age groups, and genders have been analyzed, providing valuable insights for the formulation of evidence-based policies aimed at mitigating the impact of NALC worldwide.