Global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels and industry totaled 37.01 billion metric tons (GtCO₂) in 2023. Emissions are projected to have risen 1.08 percent in 2024 to reach a record high of 37.41 GtCO₂. Since 1990, global CO₂ emissions have increased by more than 60 percent. Who are the biggest emitters? The biggest contributor to global GHG emissions is China, followed by the United States. China wasn't always the world's biggest emitter, but rapid economic growth and industrialization in recent decades have seen emissions there soar. Since 1990, CO₂ emissions in China have increased by almost 450 percent. By comparison, U.S. CO₂ emissions have fallen by 6.1 percent. Nevertheless, the North American country remains the biggest carbon polluter in history. Global events cause emissions to drop The outbreak of COVID-19 caused global CO₂ emissions to plummet some 5.5 percent in 2020 as a result of lockdowns and other restrictions. However, this wasn't the only time in recent history when a major global event caused emissions reductions. For example, the global recession resulted in CO₂ levels to fall by almost two percent in 2009, while the recession in the early 1980s also had a notable impact on emissions. On a percentage basis, the largest annual reduction was at the end of the Second World War in 1945, when emissions decreased by 17 percent.

Emissions by Country

Quantifying Sources and Emission Levels

By [source]

About this dataset

This dataset provides an in-depth look into the global CO2 emissions at the country-level, allowing for a better understanding of how much each country contributes to the global cumulative human impact on climate. It contains information on total emissions as well as from coal, oil, gas, cement production and flaring, and other sources. The data also provides a breakdown of per capita CO2 emission per country - showing which countries are leading in pollution levels and identifying potential areas where reduction efforts should be concentrated. This dataset is essential for anyone who wants to get informed about their own environmental footprint or conduct research on international development trends

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How to use the dataset

This dataset provides a country-level survey of global fossil CO2 emissions, including total emissions, emissions from coal, oil, gas, cement, flaring and other sources as well as per capita emissions.

For researchers looking to quantify global CO2 emission levels by country over time and understand the sources of these emissions this dataset can be a valuable resource.

The data is organized using the following columns: Country (the name of the country), ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 (the three letter code for the country), Year (the year of survey data), Total (the total amount of CO2 emitted by the country in that year), Coal (amount of CO2 emitted by coal in that year), Oil (amount emitted by oil) , Gas (amount emitted by gas) , Cement( amount emitted by cement) , Flaring(flaring emission levels ) and Other( other forms such as industrial processes ). In addition there is also one extra column Per Capita which provides an insight into how much personal carbon dioxide emission is present in each Country per individual .

To make use of these columns you can aggregate sum up Total column for a specific region or help define how much each source contributes to Total column such as how many percent it accounts for out of 100 or construct dashboard visualizations to explore what sources are responsible for higher level emission across different countries similar clusters or examine whether individual countries Focusing on Flaring — emissions associated with burning off natural gas while drilling—can improve overall Fossil Fuel Carbon Emission profiles better understanding of certain types nuclear power plants etc.

The main purpose behind this dataset was to facilitate government bodies private organizations universities NGO's research agencies alike applying analytical techniques tracking environment changes linked with influence cross regions providing resources needed analyze process monitor developing directed ways managing efficient ways get detailed comprehensive verified information

With insights gleaned from this dataset one can begin identify strategies efforts pollutant mitigation climate change combat etc while making decisions centered around sustainable developments with continent wide unified plans policy implementations keep an eye out evidences regional discrepancies being displayed improving quality life might certainly seem likely assure task easy quickly done “Global Fossil Carbon Dioxide Emissions:Country Level Survey 2002 2022 could exactly what us

Research Ideas

• Using the per capita emissions data, develop a reporting system to track countries' progress in meeting carbon emission targets and give policy recommendations for how countries can reach those targets more quickly.
• Analyze the correlation between different fossil fuel sources and CO2 emissions to understand how best to reduce CO2 emissions at a country-level.
• Create an interactive map showing global CO2 levels over time that allows users to visualize trends by country or region across all fossil fuel sources

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: GCB2022v27_MtCO2_flat.csv | Column name | Description ...

This dataset represents the annual greenhouse gas emissions produced by the City of Boston from 2005 to 2021. The annual inventory is based on a combination of direct data and estimates for data that cannot be obtained directly. Data sources vary, and include City records, utility company reports, and information from state and federal agencies. Reporting is separated into community-wide and local government operations inventories. Because the data for these inventories is collected using separate protocols on separate timescales, the Local Government Operations Inventory should be considered to be overlapping, but not completely contained within the Citywide Inventory.

You can view the inventory report on the City's main website.

Note: We reviewed our community methodology and updated emissions data across the 2005-2021 period accordingly. Please contact environment@boston.gov if you would like to access past datasets or discuss the methodology.

Energy consumption in the United States produced 4.8 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (GtCO₂) in 2024 - a decrease of 0.4 percent from the previous year. U.S. CO₂ emissions from energy consumption have fallen by approximately 20 percent since 2005. Sources of emissions in the U.S. The main source of CO₂ emissions in the U.S. is the transportation sector. For many years, the power sector was the country’s biggest contributor to CO₂ emissions, but the transition towards cleaner energy sources and a shift away from coal-fired power generation – the most carbon intensive fossil fuel – have slashed emissions from this sector. Meanwhile, transportation emissions have continued to rise, except for an unprecedented drop in 2020 due to the outbreak of COVID-19. U.S. transportation emissions The U.S. is the biggest contributor to global transportation emissions by far. The states with the largest transportation-related emissions in the U.S. are Texas and California, which combined account for almost one quarter of total U.S. transportation emissions.

This CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions dataset is a collection of key metrics maintained by Our World in Data. It is updated regularly and includes data on CO2 emissions (annual, per capita, cumulative and consumption-based), other greenhouse gases, energy mix, and other relevant metrics.

For further details, please refer to https://github.com/owid/co2-data

In 2023, China was the biggest carbon polluter in the world by far, having released 11.9 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (GtCO₂). Although the U.S. was the second-biggest emitter, with 4.9 GtCO₂ in 2023, its CO₂ emissions have declined by 13 percent since 2010. By comparison, China’s CO₂ emissions have increased by more than 38 percent in the same period. Cumulative emissions Although China is currently the world's largest carbon polluter, the U.S. has released far more historical carbon dioxide emissions, at more than 400 GtCO₂ since 1750. The wide gap between the two countries is because China's emissions have mostly been produced in the past two decades. Combined, the U.S. and China account for roughly 40 percent of cumulative CO₂ emissions since the Industrial Revolution began. Sources of emissions One of the largest sources of global CO₂ emissions is the power sector, with electricity produced by coal-fired power plants a significant contributor. In China, emissions from coal-fired electricity generation have soared since the turn of the century, and reached 5.2 GtCO₂ in 2023.

Introduction:

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most abundant greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, is the primary source of CO₂ emissions. Other human activities, such as deforestation and industrial processes, also contribute to CO₂ emissions.

CO₂ emissions are a major driver of climate change. Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place. Climate change could refer to a particular location or the planet as a whole. Climate change may cause weather patterns to be less predictable. A region might experience lower or higher-than-average temperatures. Climate change may cause more frequent and severe weather events, such as storms, floods, and droughts.

Hurricane Beryl: Caribbean leader calls out rich countries for climate failures as ‘horrendous’ storm makes landfall. link

The effects of climate change are already being felt around the world, and they are expected to become more severe in the future. These effects include rising sea levels, more extreme weather events, changes in precipitation patterns, and loss of biodiversity.

Carl Sagan testified before Congress in 1985 on climate change.link

Unveiling the Composition of Air - A Glimpse into Earth's Breath: - Introduction: - Air, an essential and seemingly ubiquitous part of our daily lives, has a composition that remained a mystery for centuries. Only through groundbreaking discoveries and experiments did scientists unravel the complex tapestry of gases that make up Earth's atmosphere. - The Elemental Journey: - Ancient Greeks, over 2,500 years ago, identified air, along with earth, fire, and water, as fundamental elements of creation. However, it took until the late 18th century for this perspective to be challenged by the daring English chemist Joseph Priestley. His experiments shattered the belief that air was an elementary substance, revealing it as a composite mixture of gases. - Priestley's Revelation: - In 1774, Priestley's experiments led to the identification of "dephlogisticated air," later named oxygen by Antoine Lavoisier. This groundbreaking discovery marked the end of a 23-century-old notion that air was indestructible and unalterable, opening the door to a more sophisticated understanding of the gases enveloping our planet. - The Mid-18th Century and Elemental Evolution: - During the mid-18th century, the concept of elements was evolving, with researchers grappling to understand the nature of air and its role in chemical processes. The era saw a surge of interest in gases, driven by the transformative impact of the steam engine on civilisation. - British Chemists and Gas Exploration: - British chemists, including Joseph Black and Henry Cavendish, played a pivotal role in exploring gases. Black identified "fixed air" (now carbon dioxide) in 1754, and Cavendish produced hydrogen in 1766. - Daniel Rutherford's 1772 experiments led to the discovery of nitrogen, as he burned material in a bell jar, leaving behind a gas termed "noxious air." - Conclusion: - The composition of air, once thought to be a simple and unalterable substance, has been unveiled through the efforts of pioneering scientists. Priestley's revelation of oxygen, along with contributions from fellow chemists, has reshaped our understanding of the gases that constitute Earth's atmosphere. In this delicate balance of elements, air reveals itself as a dynamic and essential force, sustaining life on our planet.

The composition of air.

The air we breathe is primarily composed of a mixture of gases. The approximate composition of dry air, excluding water vapour, is as follows:

1. Nitrogen (N₂) - Approximately 78%
2. Oxygen (O₂) - Approximately 21%
3. Argon (Ar) - Approximately 0.93%
4. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) - Approximately 0.04%
5. Neon (Ne) - Approximately 0.0018%
6. Helium (He) - Approximately 0.0005%
7. Methane (CH₄) - Approximately 0.0002%
8. Krypton (Kr) - Approximately 0.0001%
9. Hydrogen (H₂) - Approximately 0.00005%
10. Xenon (Xe) - Approximately 0.000009%

Additionally, trace amounts of other gases, such as ozone (O₃), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulphur dioxide (SO₂), are present in the atmosphere.

It's important to note that these percentages can vary slightly based on factors such as location, altitude, and environmental conditions. Water vapour is also a variable component of the atmosphere, with its concentration ranging from near zero to about 4% in humid conditions.

Greenhouse Effect:

The study of the greenhouse effect and global warming has a fascinating history, and it's amazing to see how early scientists like Arrhenius and Callendar laid the ground...

The EV-GHG Mobile Source Data asset contains measured mobile source GHG emissions summary compliance information on light-duty vehicles, by model, for certification as required by the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act, and as driven by the 2010 Presidential Memorandum Regarding Fuel Efficiency and the 2005 Supreme Court ruling in Massachusetts v. EPA that supported the regulation of CO2 as a pollutant. Manufacturers submit data on an annual basis, or as needed to document vehicle model changes. This asset will be expanded to include medium and heavy duty vehicles in the future.The EPA performs targeted GHG emissions tests on approximately 15% of vehicles submitted for certification. Confirmatory data on vehicles is associated with its corresponding submission data to verify the accuracy of manufacturer submissions beyond standard business rules.Submitted data comes in XML format or as documents, with the majority of submissions sent in XML, and includes descriptive information on the vehicle itself, emissions information, and the manufacturer's testing approach. This data may contain proprietary information (CBI) such as information on estimated sales or other data elements indicated by the submitter as confidential. CBI data is not publically available; however, CBI data can accessed within EPA under the restrictions of the Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) CBI policy [RCS Link]. Pollutants data includes CO2, CH4, N2O. Datasets are divided by vehicle/engine model and/or year with corresponding emission, test, and certification data. Data assets are stored in EPA's Verify system.Coverage began in 2011, with summary light duty data available to the public on request. Raw data is only available to select EPA employees.EV-GHG Mobile Source Data submission documents with metadata, certificate and summary decision information is stored in Verify after it has been quality assured. Where summary data appears inaccurate, OTAQ returns the entries for review to their originator.

The Asia-Pacific region produced 19 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (GtCO₂) from energy use in 2024. China's CO₂ emissions are by far the highest in the Asia-Pacific region, at more than 10 GtCO₂ per year. The second most polluting region in 2024 was North America, where 5.6 GtCO₂ were generated, the majority of which came from the U.S. Global CO₂ emissions growth Global CO₂ emissions from energy consumption have more than doubled since 1970, reaching a record high of 35.5 GtCO₂ in 2024. The rise in emissions is mainly due to rapidly growing economies and increasing energy demand in developing regions. This is especially the case in the Asia-Pacific region, where emissions have almost tripled since the turn of the century. The Middle East has also seen a dramatic rise in emissions, going from producing the lowest CO₂ emissions worldwide in 1965, to the fourth-highest as of 2024. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations The increased burning of fossil fuels - as well as deforestation and other human activities - has seen atmospheric CO₂ concentrations surge in recent decades. In 2023, global atmospheric concentrations of CO₂ reached a record high of 424.61 parts per million, which is roughly 50 percent higher than before the industrial revolution.

This offer includes high-precision, carbon emission-focused LCA datasets covering a wide range of industry materials, including alloys, minerals, polymers, composites, construction materials, and sinters. These datasets provide detailed CO₂ emission factors for material extraction, processing, and lifecycle emissions, allowing companies to accurately calculate Product Carbon Footprints (PCF) and optimize material selection.

The data is region-specific, ensuring that businesses can assess the environmental impact of materials based on country-specific energy mixes and industrial practices. This level of granularity is essential for companies seeking to compare materials across different suppliers and minimize their carbon footprint while maintaining cost efficiency.

Updated bi-annually, these datasets align with ISO 14067, GHG Protocol standards and Catena-X requirements, ensuring regulatory compliance for Scope 3 emissions tracking and sustainability reporting.

Customers can access the data via API, CSV files, or the sustamize Data Platform, allowing seamless integration into LCA tools, PLM systems, and procurement workflows. By leveraging these comprehensive datasets, companies can enhance supply chain transparency, make informed sourcing decisions, and ensure compliance with global sustainability regulations.

Please refer to: https://docs.sustamizer.com/knowledge-hub/database-overview/materials for more info.

Graph and download economic data for Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions From All Sectors, All Fuels for Florida (EMISSCO2TOTVTTTOFLA) from 1970 to 2021 about carbon dioxide emissions, fuels, sector, FL, and USA.

The emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydro-fluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride and total greenhouse gas emissions, by industry (SIC 2007 group – around 130 categories), UK, 1990 to 2023.

Graph and download economic data for Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions From All Sectors, All Fuels for California (EMISSCO2TOTVTTTOCAA) from 1970 to 2021 about carbon dioxide emissions, fuels, sector, CA, and USA.

The dataset provides the statistics on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Intensity in Hong Kong.

Greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide equivalents), by industries and households. Industry aggregation is at the L-level of the input-output accounts of Statistics Canada.

The datasets comprise greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors (Factors) for 1,016 U.S. commodities as defined by the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The Factors are based on GHG data for 2022. Factors are given for all NAICS-defined commodities at the 6-digit level except for electricity, government, and households. Each record consists of three factor types as in the previous releases: Supply Chain Emissions without Margins (SEF), Margins of Supply Chain Emissions (MEF), and Supply Chain Emissions with Margins (SEF+MEF). One set of Factors provides kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) per 2022 U.S. dollar (USD) for all GHGs combined using 100-yr global warming potentials from IPCC 5th report (AR5) to calculate the equivalents. In this dataset there is one SEF, MEF and SEF+MEF per commodity. The other dataset of Factors provides kg of each unique GHG emitted per 2022 dollar per commodity without the CO2e calculation. The dollar in the denominator of all factors uses purchaser prices. See the supporting file 'Aboutv1.3SupplyChainGHGEmissionFactors.docx' for complete documentation of this dataset.

The average American was responsible for emitting 13.8 metric tons of carbon dioxide (tCO₂) in 2023. U.S. per capita fossil CO₂ emissions have fallen by more than 30 percent since 1990. Global per capita emission comparisons Despite per capita emissions in the U.S. falling notably in recent decades, they remain roughly three times above global average per capita CO₂ emissions. In fact, the average American emits more CO₂ in one day than the average Somalian does throughout the entire year. Additionally, while China is now the world’s biggest emitter, the average Chinese citizen’s annual carbon footprint is roughly half the average American’s. Which U.S. state has the largest carbon footprint? Per capita energy-related CO₂ emissions in the U.S. vary greatly by state. Wyoming was the biggest CO₂ emitter per capita in 2022, with 97 tCO₂ per person. The least-populated state’s high per capita emissions are mainly due to its heavily polluting coal industry. In contrast, New Yorkers had the one of the smallest carbon footprints in 2022, at less than nine tCO₂ per person.