When resource competition occurs between close relatives the negative effects of competition are potentially amplified. However, kin selection theory predicts that natural selection should promote the evolution of mechanisms that minimize the intensity of competition between kin. Experimental tests of these hypotheses are mixed, however. Moreover, there is little consensus regarding the generality of either outcome, suggesting that the conditions important in determining the effects of competition between kin are likely complex and not fully understood. We performed two experiments using spadefoot toad tadpoles (Spea multiplicata) to evaluate the hypothesis that individuals can minimize the negative effects of exploitative competition by using alternative resources when competing with close relatives. Supporting our hypothesis, we found that only when individuals had access to alternative resources were the negative effects of competition between siblings less than between unrelated competitors. We suggest that mechanisms to lessen kin competition may be more likely to evolve in environments where alternative resources are available, and that selection to minimize exploitative competition between kin may promote the evolution of resource polyphenism.

Video captioning dataset based on 6 popular TV shows

Table of Broadband Serviceable Locations from version 4 of the FCC Broadband Serviceable Location dataset that are eligible for funding through the North Carolina Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program. These locations represent the unserved and underserved locations in the state after the results of the BEAD state challenge process. All locations in this table are reflected in the CostQuest Broadband Serviceable Location (BSL) dataset, version 4. Post-challenge modifications were made to remove recent enforceable commitments from the Completing Access to Broadband (CAB) state funding program, as well as to remove locations that have been removed in the most recent version of the fabric (version 6). This data table includes all fields that are required to be included in BSL tab of the project data template for any provider applying to the BEAD program during the application window. Eligible Community Anchor Institutions (CAIs) locations are not included in this table and are provided in a separate downloadable table on NC OneMap. ELIGIBLE LOCATIONS LAST UPDATED ON 7/7

Range of values for the national social vulnerability index.

Based on SC Broadband Office (SCBBO) analysis of FCC Broadband Data Collection (fcc.gov), Jun. 30, 2023 (as of Mar. 19, 2024), submissions that were audited through the SC BEAD Challenge process which concluded on Jun. 30, 2024. The SC BEAD Challenge process relied upon FCC BSL Fabric Jun. 30, 2023, Version 3.2 (pub. Jul. 21, 2023). Satellite and mobile broadband services are excluded. Population and K-12 estimates are derived from residential unit level data based on the FCC BSL fabric. Broadband investment data based on SCBBO actual BSL contract data in the case of state-managed funds (when available) and best-available federal data in the case of FCC and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) managed investments. County-level investments are based upon data provided to the SCBBO. The SCBBO is neither responsible nor liable for damages or injuries caused by failure of performance, error, omission, inaccuracy, inaccessibility, incompleteness or any other errors of this information period or formatting on this slide. This data should be used for general reference purposes only. Additional broadband information regarding South Carolina may be found at www.scdigitaldrive.org. Submit comments or questions to broadband@ors.sc.gov

Based on SC Broadband Office (SCBBO) analysis of FCC Broadband Data Collection (fcc.gov), Jun. 30, 2023 (as of Mar. 19, 2024), submissions that were audited through the SC BEAD Challenge process which concluded on Jun. 30, 2024. The SC BEAD Challenge process relied upon FCC BSL Fabric Jun. 30, 2023, Version 3.2 (pub. Jul. 21, 2023). Satellite and mobile broadband services are excluded. Population and K-12 estimates are derived from residential unit level data based on the FCC BSL fabric. Broadband investment data based on SCBBO actual BSL contract data in the case of state-managed funds (when available) and best-available federal data in the case of FCC and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) managed investments. County-level investments are based upon data provided to the SCBBO. The SCBBO is neither responsible nor liable for damages or injuries caused by failure of performance, error, omission, inaccuracy, inaccessibility, incompleteness or any other errors of this information period or formatting on this slide. This data should be used for general reference purposes only. Additional broadband information regarding South Carolina may be found at www.scdigitaldrive.org. Submit comments or questions to broadband@ors.sc.gov

Range of values for the national expected annual losses index.

Range of values for the national community resilience score.

Based on SC Broadband Office (SCBBO) analysis of FCC Broadband Data Collection (fcc.gov), Jun. 30, 2023 (as of Mar. 19, 2024), submissions that were audited through the SC BEAD Challenge process which concluded on Jun. 30, 2024. The SC BEAD Challenge process relied upon FCC BSL Fabric Jun. 30, 2023, Version 3.2 (pub. Jul. 21, 2023). Satellite and mobile broadband services are excluded. Population and K-12 estimates are derived from residential unit level data based on the FCC BSL fabric. Broadband investment data based on SCBBO actual BSL contract data in the case of state-managed funds (when available) and best-available federal data in the case of FCC and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) managed investments. County-level investments are based upon data provided to the SCBBO. The SCBBO is neither responsible nor liable for damages or injuries caused by failure of performance, error, omission, inaccuracy, inaccessibility, incompleteness or any other errors of this information period or formatting on this slide. This data should be used for general reference purposes only. Additional broadband information regarding South Carolina may be found at www.scdigitaldrive.org. Submit comments or questions to broadband@ors.sc.gov