The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) verified a total of 41,783 civilian casualties during Russia's invasion of Ukraine as of January 31, 2025. Of them, 29,178 people were reported to have been injured. However, OHCHR specified that the real numbers could be higher. How many people have died during the war in Ukraine? OHCHR has estimated the number of deaths of civilians, or non-armed individuals, in Ukraine at 12,605 since the start of the war on February 24, 2022. The highest death toll was recorded in March 2022, at over 3,900. The figures on soldier deaths are reported by Russia and Ukraine’s governmental authorities, but they cannot be verified at this point and thus need to be taken with caution. Conflict-related deaths in Ukraine from 2014 to 2021 After Russia annexed Crimea in 2014, Ukraine has seen a military conflict between the government and the Russia-supported separatist regions of Donetsk and Luhansk. OHCHR estimates that between 14,200 and 14,400 people, including civilians and military personnel, were killed in relation to that conflict from April 14, 2014, to December 31, 2021. Of them, at least 3,400 were civilians.

As of January 31, 2025, 12,605 civilian deaths in Ukraine were reported by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) due to the Russian invasion that started on February 24, 2022. OHCHR specified that the real figures could be significantly higher. Furthermore, the increases in the figures each week should not be attributed to that week only because they include adjustments from previous weeks.

The highest number of civilian casualties in Ukraine during the Russian invasion that began on February 24, 2022, was recorded in March 2022, with 4,312 people killed and 3,018 injured. In January 2025, 139 civilian deaths were verified by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR).

As of January 31, 2025, 12,605 civilians were reported to have been killed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine that began on February 24, 2022. Prior to the war, fighting took place in eastern Ukraine between the Ukrainian Armed Forces and separatist forces supported by the Russian government. Over the course of 2021, 25 conflict-related deaths were recorded in Ukraine. Between April 14 and December 31, 2014, the number of killed civilians exceeded 2,000. These include 298 victims of the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17) which was shot down in July 2014. Euromaidan protests and the annexation of Crimea In late 2013, the pro-Russian government of Ukraine backtracked on further integration with the European Union (EU), which led to the Euromaidan period; anti-government protests then turned violent, resulting in almost 100 deaths and thousands of casualties, before the president was ousted. This was followed by the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, as well as its backing separatist paramilitaries in the eastern Oblasts of Donetsk and Luhansk; in terms of ethnic composition, these three regions have the highest share of ethnic Russians. Within a month of the annexation, a referendum was held in Crimea and roughly 96 percent of the public voted in favor of joining Russia. The results and validity of the referendum, however, have not received international recognition, and international sanctions sent the Russian economy into recession, but Russia has held de facto control of Crimea since 2014. Ukraine after 2014 Ukraine’s president, Petro Poroshenko, was elected in 2014, and oversaw a period of further decommunization, European integration, and anti-corruption policies, as well as numerous ceasefires in the Donbas region (although none lasted more than six weeks). Poroschenko was defeated in the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election, with commentators citing various reasons, such as his own scandals, failure to engage with the Russian community, persistent corruption, and the popularity of his opponent. He was succeeded by a political outsider, the former comedian, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who ran on a populist and reformist platform.

UNICEF's country profile for Ukraine, including under-five mortality rates, child health, education and sanitation data.

The death rate in Ukraine increased by 2.9 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants (+15.68 percent) in 2022. Therefore, the death rate in Ukraine reached a peak in 2022 with 21.4 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants. The crude death rate is the annual number of deaths in a given population, expressed per 1,000 people. When looked at in unison with the crude birth rate, the rate of natural increase can be determined.Find more statistics on other topics about Ukraine with key insights such as total fertility rate, total life expectancy at birth, and infant mortality rate.

Ukraine UA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Male: per 1000 Live Births data was reported at 9.700 Ratio in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.400 Ratio for 2015. Ukraine UA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Male: per 1000 Live Births data is updated yearly, averaging 13.000 Ratio from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.500 Ratio in 1990 and a record low of 9.700 Ratio in 2017. Ukraine UA: Mortality Rate: Under-5: Male: per 1000 Live Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Under-five mortality rate, male is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn male baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to male age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.; ; Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.; Weighted average; Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Under-five mortality rates are higher for boys than for girls in countries in which parental gender preferences are insignificant. Under-five mortality captures the effect of gender discrimination better than infant mortality does, as malnutrition and medical interventions have more significant impacts to this age group. Where female under-five mortality is higher, girls are likely to have less access to resources than boys.

Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population. Crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted).

Ukraine UA: Losses Due To Theft and Vandalism: % of Annual Sales for Affected Firms data was reported at 3.800 % in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.600 % for 2008. Ukraine UA: Losses Due To Theft and Vandalism: % of Annual Sales for Affected Firms data is updated yearly, averaging 3.700 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2013, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.800 % in 2013 and a record low of 3.600 % in 2008. Ukraine UA: Losses Due To Theft and Vandalism: % of Annual Sales for Affected Firms data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.World Bank.WDI: Company Statistics. Average losses as a result of theft, robbery, vandalism or arson that occurred on the establishment’s premises calculated as a percentage of annual sales. The value represents the average losses for all firms which reported losses (please see indicator IC.FRM.THEV.ZS).; ; World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).; Unweighted average;

In 2022, the infant mortality rate in Ukraine did not change in comparison to the previous year. The infant mortality rate remained at seven deaths per 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate refers to the number of infants who do not survive past the first year of life, expressed as a value per 1,000 births.Find more statistics on other topics about Ukraine with key insights such as total life expectancy at birth, death rate, and total fertility rate.

As of May 8, 2020, the highest average mortality rate from the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Ukraine was recorded at 8.7 percent in the Chernivtsi Oblast, which also had the largest number of disease cases in the country. The average COVID-19 death rate across Ukraine was measured at 2.5 percent as of that date.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

The damage to housing facilities from the Russian invasion of Ukraine was estimated at 57.6 billion U.S. dollars between February 24, 2022, and December 31, 2024. A further 36.7 billion U.S. dollars were recorded in losses from damages to transportation. The total war damage to Ukrainian sectors was estimated at 176 billion U.S. dollars over that period. War impact on the Ukrainian economy Ukraine’s gross domestic product (GDP) fell by 29 percent in 2022 as a result of the Russian invasion and was expected to grow by four percent in between 2023 and 2024. On the one hand, the country suffers from damage to its infrastructure which would require time and financial resources to be restored. On the other hand, the war threatens Ukraine’s international trade. The military actions disrupt the routes used for transporting goods for exports and imports. In July 2022, a deal has been signed between Russia and Ukraine in Istanbul to provide for a corridor for Ukrainian grain exports via the Black Sea; however, it was suspended a year after. Which are the largest industries in Ukraine? Wholesale and retail trade occupied the largest share of the GDP of Ukraine, at nearly 14 percent in 2021. Agriculture, having ranked second with over 10 percent, was another major sector, especially important for export trade. The value added by agriculture, forestry, and fishing reached over seven percent of Ukraine’s GDP in 2023.

As of 2022, the countries with the highest death rates worldwide were Ukraine, Bulgaria, and Moldova. In these countries, there were 17 to 21 deaths per 1,000 people. The country with the lowest death rate is Qatar, where there is just one death per 1,000 people. Leading causes of death The leading causes of death worldwide are by far, ischaemic heart disease and stroke, accounting for a combined 27 percent of all deaths in 2019. In that year, there were 8.89 million deaths worldwide from ischaemic heart disease and 6.19 million from stroke. Interestingly, a worldwide survey from that year found that people greatly underestimate the proportion of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease, but overestimate the proportion of deaths caused by suicide, interpersonal violence, and substance use disorders. Death in the United States In 2022, there were around 3.27 million deaths in the United States. The leading causes of death in the United States are currently heart disease and cancer, accounting for a combined 40 percent of all deaths in 2022. Lung and bronchus cancer is the deadliest form of cancer worldwide, as well as in the United States. In the U.S. this form of cancer is predicted to cause around 65,790 deaths among men alone in the year 2024. Prostate cancer is the second-deadliest cancer for men in the U.S. while breast cancer is the second deadliest for women. In 2022, the fourth leading cause of death in the United States was COVID-19. Deaths due to COVID-19 resulted in a significant rise in the total number of deaths in the U.S. in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019.

Out of 361 deaths caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Ukraine as of May 8, 2020, nearly 28 percent were in the age group between 60 and 69 years old. In total, the country had over 20 thousand COVID-19 cases as of May 22, 2020.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

In 2023 there was one operational death in the British Armed Forces, the same number as in 2022 and 2021. Since 1945, the deadliest year for British Armed forces was 1951, when there were 851 operational deaths. This was due to three separate conflicts: the Malayan Emergency, the 1951 Anglo-Egyptian War and the Korean War. Between 1959 and 2009 there were only three years that had more than 100 operational deaths: 1972, 1973 and 1982. The spike in deaths in the early 1970s were the result of the political violence in Northern Ireland at the time, and 237 of the 297 deaths in 1982 happened during the Falklands War. Over this period, there have been a total of 7,193 British military deaths in conflicts. Size of armed forces at a historic low in 2023 The British Armed Forces are composed of four separate branches, the British Army, the Royal Navy, the Royal Air Force and the Royal Marines. Of these branches, the British Army has more personnel than the other three combined at 77,540. The Royal Air Force had 32,180 personnel, the Navy 26,330, and the Marines 6,510 amounting to 142,560 active personnel. This was the fewest number of personnel in modern times, and is partly explained by modernization efforts, which sought to de-emphasize the importance of a large army based on manpower in favor of a more advanced one based on technology. Long-term defense cuts   These cutbacks in personnel are also a result of the UK government spending far less on defense than it used to. In 1984, for example the UK spent around 5.5 percent of GDP on defense, compared with just 2.3 percent in 2021. The end of the Cold War in the early 1990s made it difficult to justify 1980s-levels of military spending during this time period, along with the UK having far fewer overseas commitments than in the past. Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, however, may reverse this trend, with many NATO allies pledging to increase their defense budgets in light of the new geopolitical situation. This particular issue will become even more pertinent if Donald Trump, a known skeptic of NATO, is elected as U.S. President in November 2024.

This statistic shows the top ten countries with the highest alcohol-related mortality rates in 2012. Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Lithuania, and Russia made it to the top 5. Belarus was leading the ranking with roughly 35 percent of alcohol-attributable deaths in 2012.

In Europe, the Baltic countries of Latvia and Lithuania had the highest and third highest homicide rates respectively in 2022. Latvia had the highest rate at over four per 100,000 inhabitants. Meanwhile, the lowest homicide rate was found in Liechtenstein, with zero murders The most dangerous country worldwide Saint Kitts and Nevis is the world's most dangerous country to live in in terms of murder rate. The Caribbean country had a homicide rate of 65 per 100,000 inhabitants. Nine of the 10 countries with the highest murder rates worldwide are located in Latin America and the Caribbean. Whereas Celaya in Mexico was listed as the city with the highest murder rate worldwide, Colima in Mexico was the city with the highest homicide rate in Latin America, so the numbers vary from source to source. Nevertheless, several Mexican cities rank among the deadliest in the world when it comes to intentional homicides. Violent conflicts worldwide Notably, these figures do not include deaths that resulted from war or a violent conflict. While there is a persistent number of conflicts worldwide, resulting casualties are not considered murders. Partially due to this reason, homicide rates in Latin America are higher than those in countries such as Ukraine or the DR Congo. A different definition of murder in these circumstances could change the rate significantly.

Over the course of the Second World War, approximately 44.5 percent of the Soviet population and 8.7 of Soviet territory was occupied by the Axis forces at some point. Despite being allied in the war's early stages, with both countries invading Poland in 1939 via the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Germany would launch Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the USSR, in 1941, which would become the largest military invasion in history. Movement of the Eastern Front The surprise invasion began on June 22, and Axis forces caught the Soviets off-guard, quickly pushing their way eastward along a frontline that stretched from the Baltic to Black seas. The length of the front-line allowed Axis forces to execute pincer movements around cities and strongholds, which cut off large numbers of Soviet soldiers from their supply lines, as well as preventing reinforcements; in this process millions of Soviet troops were taken as prisoner. Within three weeks, the Germans had taken much of present-day Poland, Belarus, and the Baltic states, before taking Moldova and Ukraine in September, and pushing into western Russia between September and December. The front lines had reached the outskirts of Moscow by November, before exhaustion and cold weather helped Soviet forces hold the line and stall the German offensive. The Red Army was then able to regroup and turning the Germans' own tactics against them, using two-pronged attacks to encircle large numbers of troops, although harsh weather made this stage of the conflict much slower.

The lines remained fairly static until mid-1942, when the Germans focused their offensive on the south, concentrating on the Caucasian oil fields and the Volga River. By November 1942, Axis forces had pushed into these regions, establishing what would ultimately be the largest amount of occupied Soviet territory during the war. Once again, winter halted the Axis advance, and allowed the Red Army to regroup. Learning from the previous year, the Axis command strengthened their forces near Moscow in anticipation of the Soviet counter-offensive, but were caught off-guard by a second counter-offensive in the south, most famously at Stalingrad. The Battle of Stalingrad would come to epitomize the extreme loss, destruction, and brutality of war on the eastern front, with conflict continuing in the city months after the rest of the Axis forces had been pushed west. As 1943 progressed, the Red Army gained momentum by targeting inferiorly-trained and equipped non-German regiments. The spring then became something of a balancing act for the Axis powers, as the Soviets consistently attacked weak points, and German regiments were transferred to reinforce these areas. In the summer of 1943, the front line was static once more, however the momentum was with the Soviets, who were able to capitalize on victories such as Kursk and gradually force the Axis powers back. By 1944, the Red Army had re-captured much of Ukraine, and had re-taken the south by the summer. When the Western Allies arrived in France in June, the Soviets were already pushing through Ukraine and Belarus, towards Berlin. In August 1944, the last Axis forces were pushed out of Soviet territory, and Soviet forces continued their push towards the German capital, which fell in May 1945. Soviet death toll In addition to the near-five million Soviet troops who died during Operation Barbarossa, millions of civilians died through starvation, areal bombardment, forced labor, and systematic murder campaigns. Due to the nature and severity of Soviet losses, total figures are difficult to estimate; totals of 15-20 million civilians and 7-9 million military deaths are most common. Further estimates suggest that the disruption to fertility, in addition to the high death toll, meant that the USSR's population in 1946 was 40 million lower than it would have been had there been no war.