Data on drug overdose death rates, by drug type and selected population characteristics. Please refer to the PDF or Excel version of this table in the HUS 2019 Data Finder (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/contents2019.htm) for critical information about measures, definitions, and changes over time. SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, numerator data from annual public-use Mortality Files; denominator data from U.S. Census Bureau national population estimates; and Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Kochanek KD, Arias E, Tejada-Vera B. Deaths: Final data for 2018. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 69 no 13. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/nvsr.htm. For more information on the National Vital Statistics System, see the corresponding Appendix entry at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus19-appendix-508.pdf.

Data on use of selected substances in the past 30 days among 12th graders, 10th graders, and 8th graders in the United States, by sex and race. Data are from Health, United States. Source: Monitoring the Future, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, supported by National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse. Search, visualize, and download these and other estimates from over 150 health topics with the NCHS Data Query System (DQS), available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/dataquery/index.htm.

This data set includes the estimated number of individuals in Pennsylvania with Drug Use Disorder, which is an approximation for Opioid Use Disorder prevalence. The estimates are developed by applying mortality weights derived from the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics to statewide illicit drug use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration).

The National Hospital Care Survey (NHCS) collects data on patient care in hospital-based settings to describe patterns of health care delivery and utilization in the United States. Settings currently include inpatient and emergency departments (ED). From this collection, the NHCS contributes data that may inform emerging national health threats such as the current opioid public health emergency. The 2022 - 2024 NHCS are not yet fully operational so it is important to note that the data presented here are preliminary and not nationally representative.

The data are from 24 hospitals submitting inpatient and 23 hospitals submitting ED Uniform Bill (UB)-04 administrative claims from October 1, 2022–September 30, 2024. Even though the data are not nationally representative, they can provide insight into the use of opioids and other overdose drugs. The NHCS data is submitted from various types of hospitals (e.g., general/acute, children’s, etc.) and can show results from a variety of indicators related to drug use, such as overall drug use, comorbidities, and drug and polydrug overdose. NHCS data can also be used to report on patient conditions within the hospital over time.

This data set includes the estimated number of individuals in Pennsylvania with Drug Use Disorder, which is an approximation for Opioid Use Disorder prevalence. The estimates are developed by applying mortality weights derived from the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics to statewide illicit drug use estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration).

ObjectiveU.S. drug-related overdose deaths and Emergency Department (ED) visits rose in 2020 and again in 2021. Many academic studies and the news media attributed this rise primarily to increased drug use resulting from the societal disruptions related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. A competing explanation is that higher overdose deaths and ED visits may have reflected a continuation of pre-pandemic trends in synthetic-opioid deaths, which began to rise in mid-2019. We assess the evidence on whether increases in overdose deaths and ED visits are likely to be related primarily to the COVID-19 pandemic, increased synthetic-opioid use, or some of both.MethodsWe use national data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on rolling 12-month drug-related deaths (2015–2021); CDC data on monthly ED visits (2019-September 2020) for EDs in 42 states; and ED visit data for 181 EDs in 24 states staffed by a national ED physician staffing group (January 2016-June 2022). We study drug overdose deaths per 100,000 persons during the pandemic period, and ED visits for drug overdoses, in both cases compared to predicted levels based on pre-pandemic trends.ResultsMortality. National overdose mortality increased from 21/100,000 in 2019 to 26/100,000 in 2020 and 30/100,000 in 2021. The rise in mortality began in mid-to-late half of 2019, and the 2020 increase is well-predicted by models that extrapolate pre-pandemic trends for rolling 12-month mortality to the pandemic period. Placebo analyses (which assume the pandemic started earlier or later than March 2020) do not provide evidence for a change in trend in or soon after March 2020. State-level analyses of actual mortality, relative to mortality predicted based on pre-pandemic trends, show no consistent pattern. The state-level results support state heterogeneity in overdose mortality trends, and do not support the pandemic being a major driver of overdose mortality.ED visits. ED overdose visits rose during our sample period, reflecting a worsening opioid epidemic, but rose at similar rates during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.ConclusionThe reasons for rising overdose mortality in 2020 and 2021 cannot be definitely determined. We lack a control group and thus cannot assess causation. However, the observed increases can be largely explained by a continuation of pre-pandemic trends toward rising synthetic-opioid deaths, principally fentanyl, that began in mid-to-late 2019. We do not find evidence supporting the pandemic as a major driver of rising mortality. Policymakers need to directly address the synthetic opioid epidemic, and not expect a respite as the pandemic recedes.

1995-2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System. E-Cigarette Legislation—Smokefree Indoor Air. The STATE System houses current and historical state-level legislative data on tobacco use prevention and control policies. Data are reported on a quarterly basis. Data include information related to state legislation on smokefree indoor air in areas such as: Bars, Commercial Day Care Centers, Government Multi-Unit Housing, Government Worksites, Home-Based Day Care Centers, Hotels and Motels, Personal Vehicles, Private Multi-Unit Housing, Private Worksites, Restaurants, Bingo Halls, Casinos, Enclosed Arenas, Grocery Stores, Hospitals, Hospital Campuses, Malls, Mental Health Outpatient and Residential Facilities, Prisons, Public Transportation, Racetrack Casinos, Substance Abuse Outpatient and Residential Facilities.

1995-2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System. Legislation – Smokefree Indoor Air. The STATE System houses current and historical state-level legislative data on tobacco use prevention and control policies. Data are reported on a quarterly basis. Data include information related to state legislation on smokefree indoor air in areas such as: Bars, Commercial Day Care Centers, Government Multi-Unit Housing, Government Worksites, Home-Based Day Care Centers, Hotels and Motels, Personal Vehicles, Private Multi-Unit Housing, Private Worksites, Restaurants, Bingo Halls, Casinos, Enclosed Arenas, Grocery Stores, Hospitals, Hospital Campuses, Malls, Mental Health Outpatient and Residential Facilities, Prisons, Public Transportation, Racetrack Casinos, Substance Abuse Outpatient and Residential Facilities.

Data on prescription drug use in the past 30 days in the United States, by sex, race and Hispanic origin, and age group. Data are from Health, United States. SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Search, visualize, and download these and other estimates from over 120 health topics with the NCHS Data Query System (DQS), available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/dataquery/index.htm.

A variety of surveys and data systems other than the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) collect data on substance use and mental health problems. It is useful to consider the results of these other studies when discussing NSDUH data. This document briefly describes one of these other data systems that publish State estimates and presents selected comparisons with NSDUH results. The State-level survey that collects data on substance use discussed in this document is the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Another CDC data system that provides State-level substance use estimates for most but not all States is the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS).

Characteristics associated with low availability of treatment facilities and high rates of opioid overdose mortality were analyzed using a cross-sectional analysis design that combined county-level data from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Data for 3,130 counties in 50 states and Washington D.C. from several sources were accessed through PolicyMap, including American Community Survey (ACS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA).

CLICK ON THE ABOVE IMAGE TO LAUNCH THE MAP - Healthcare access issues vary greatly between urban and rural areas of New Mexico. Launch the map to explore alternate ways to classify geographies as urban or rural. These classifications are often used for food access as well as healthcare access.BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH LINKS:Rural Definitions for Health Policy, Harvey Licht, a presentation for the University of New Mexico Center for Health Policy: : http://nmcdc.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=7076f283b8de4bb69bf3153bc42e0402New Mexico Rural-Urban Counties Comparison Tables - October 2017, Harvey Licht, A preliminary compilation for the National Conference of State Legislators Rural Health Plan Taskforce : https://nmcdc.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=d3ca56e99f8b45c58522b2f9e061999eFrontier and Remote Areas Map - http://nmcdc.maps.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=56b4005256244499a58f863c17bbac8aFURTHER READING:What is Rural? Rural Health Information Hub: https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topics/what-is-ruralDefining Rural. Research and Training Center on Disability in Rural Communities: http://rtc.ruralinstitute.umt.edu/resources/defining-rural/What is Rural? USDA: https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/rural-economy-population/rural-classifications/what-is-rural/National Center for Health Statistics Urban–Rural Classification Scheme: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/urban_rural.htm.Health-Related Behaviors by Urban-Rural County Classification — United States, 2013, CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6605a1.htm?s_cid=ss6605a1_wExtending Work on Rural Health Disparities, The Journal of Rural Health: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jrh.12241/fullMinority Populations Driving Community Growth in the Rural West, Headwaters Economics: https://headwaterseconomics.org/economic-development/trends-performance/minority-populations-driving-county-growth/ Methodology - https://headwaterseconomics.org/wp-content/uploads/Minorities_Methods.pdfThe Role of Medicaid in Rural America, Kaiser Family Foundation: http://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-brief/the-role-of-medicaid-in-rural-america/The Future of the Frontier: Water, Energy & Climate Change in America’s Most Remote Communities: http://frontierus.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/FUTURE-OF-THE-FRONTIER_Final-Version_Spring-2017.pdfRural and Urban Differences in Passenger-Vehicle–Occupant Deaths and Seat Belt Use Among Adults — United States, 2014, CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/ss6617a1.htm

Health, United States is the report on the health status of the country. Every year, the report presents an overview of national health trends organized around four subject areas: health status and determinants, utilization of health resources, health care resources, and health care expenditures and payers.

1997-2018. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Synar Reports: Youth Tobacco Sales. Policy – Youth Tobacco Sales. SAMHSA’s Synar Report on Youth Tobacco Sales presents findings on compliance of the Synar Amendment aimed at decreasing youth access to tobacco, and reviews progress in enforcing State youth tobacco access laws and in reducing the percentage of retailers selling tobacco products to minors.

Number of deaths in the United States caused by Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and all other causes from 2005 to 2017.

This repository includes data from the Health Resources & Services Administration's Area Health Resources Files (years 2000, 2004-2019), CDC Wonder, National Conference of State Legislatures, and the Drug Enforcement Agency's Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (ARCOS).

Please cite the following publication when using this dataset:

KN Griffith, Y Feyman, SG Auty, EL Crable, TW Levengood. (in press). County-level data on U.S. opioid distributions, demographics, healthcare supply, and healthcare access, Data in Brief.

These data were originally collected for the following research article:

Griffith, KN, Feyman, Y, Crable, EL, & Levengood, TW. (in press). “Implications of county-level variation in U.S. opioid distribution.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence.

Odds ratios for the association of demographic factors with death caused by Substance Use Disorders (SUD).

This report describes the results of data collection efforts conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) related to the behavioral health (mental health and substance use) of residents of the Gulf Coast affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The data collection efforts described in this report, which were funded by BP, focused on residents of the counties or parishes in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi that were most directly affected by the spill. The report uses data from SAMHSA\'s National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and Gulf States Population Survey (GSPS) from CDC.

Statistical data on the prevalence and impact of co-occurring disorders in the United States from authoritative health organizations.

"The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) is a set of surveys that track behaviors that can lead to poor health in students grades 9 through 12. The surveys are administered every other year. Some of the health-related behaviors and experiences monitored are:* Student demographics: sex, sexual identity, race and ethnicity, and grade* Youth health behaviors and conditions: sexual, injury and violence, bullying, diet and physical activity, obesity, and mental health, including suicide* Substance use behaviors: electronic vapor product and tobacco product use, alcohol use, and other drug use* Student experiences: parental monitoring, school connectedness, unstable housing, and exposure to community violence"(Taken from https://web.archive.org/web/20231011104407/https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/overview.htm)This deposit consists of ASCII datasets, SAS input syntax, and .csv datasets for the National YRBS/YRBSS datasets for 1991-2021. The data were downloaded in October of 2023 for a student who wished to use the data for a thesis.