A data set of cross-nationally comparable microdata samples for 15 Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) countries (Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, USA) based on the 1990 national population and housing censuses in countries of Europe and North America to study the social and economic conditions of older persons. These samples have been designed to allow research on a wide range of issues related to aging, as well as on other social phenomena. A common set of nomenclatures and classifications, derived on the basis of a study of census data comparability in Europe and North America, was adopted as a standard for recoding. This series was formerly called Dynamics of Population Aging in ECE Countries. The recommendations regarding the design and size of the samples drawn from the 1990 round of censuses envisaged: (1) drawing individual-based samples of about one million persons; (2) progressive oversampling with age in order to ensure sufficient representation of various categories of older people; and (3) retaining information on all persons co-residing in the sampled individual''''s dwelling unit. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania provided the entire population over age 50, while Finland sampled it with progressive over-sampling. Canada, Italy, Russia, Turkey, UK, and the US provided samples that had not been drawn specially for this project, and cover the entire population without over-sampling. Given its wide user base, the US 1990 PUMS was not recoded. Instead, PAU offers mapping modules, which recode the PUMS variables into the project''''s classifications, nomenclatures, and coding schemes. Because of the high sampling density, these data cover various small groups of older people; contain as much geographic detail as possible under each country''''s confidentiality requirements; include more extensive information on housing conditions than many other data sources; and provide information for a number of countries whose data were not accessible until recently. Data Availability: Eight of the fifteen participating countries have signed the standard data release agreement making their data available through NACDA/ICPSR (see links below). Hungary and Switzerland require a clearance to be obtained from their national statistical offices for the use of microdata, however the documents signed between the PAU and these countries include clauses stipulating that, in general, all scholars interested in social research will be granted access. Russia requested that certain provisions for archiving the microdata samples be removed from its data release arrangement. The PAU has an agreement with several British scholars to facilitate access to the 1991 UK data through collaborative arrangements. Statistics Canada and the Italian Institute of statistics (ISTAT) provide access to data from Canada and Italy, respectively. * Dates of Study: 1989-1992 * Study Features: International, Minority Oversamples * Sample Size: Approx. 1 million/country Links: * Bulgaria (1992), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/02200 * Czech Republic (1991), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06857 * Estonia (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06780 * Finland (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06797 * Romania (1992), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06900 * Latvia (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/02572 * Lithuania (1989), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/03952 * Turkey (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/03292 * U.S. (1990), http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/06219

Abstract

This study is an experiment designed to compare the performance of three methodologies for sampling households with migrants:

• a stratified sample using the census to sample census tracts randomly, in which each household is then listed and screened to determine whether or not it has a migrant, with the full length questionnaire then being applied in a second phase only to the households of interest;
• a snowball survey in which households are asked to provide referrals to other households with migrant members;
• an intercept point survey (or time-and-space sampling survey), in which individuals are sampled during set time periods at a prespecified set of locations where households in the target group are likely to congregate.

Researchers from the World Bank applied these methods in the context of a survey of Brazilians of Japanese descent (Nikkei), requested by the World Bank. There are approximately 1.2-1.9 million Nikkei among Brazil’s 170 million population.

The survey was designed to provide detail on the characteristics of households with and without migrants, to estimate the proportion of households receiving remittances and with migrants in Japan, and to examine the consequences of migration and remittances on the sending households.

The same questionnaire was used for the stratified random sample and snowball surveys, and a shorter version of the questionnaire was used for the intercept surveys. Researchers can directly compare answers to the same questions across survey methodologies and determine the extent to which the intercept and snowball surveys can give similar results to the more expensive census-based survey, and test for the presence of biases.

Geographic coverage

Sao Paulo and Parana states

Analysis unit

Japanese-Brazilian (Nikkei) households and individuals

The 2000 Brazilian Census was used to classify households as Nikkei or non-Nikkei. The Brazilian Census does not ask ethnicity but instead asks questions on race, country of birth and whether an individual has lived elsewhere in the last 10 years. On the basis of these questions, a household is classified as (potentially) Nikkei if it has any of the following: 1) a member born in Japan; 2) a member who is of yellow race and who has lived in Japan in the last 10 years; 3) a member who is of yellow race, who was not born in a country other than Japan (predominantly Korea, Taiwan or China) and who did not live in a foreign country other than Japan in the last 10 years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

1) Stratified random sample survey

Two states with the largest Nikkei population - Sao Paulo and Parana - were chosen for the study.

The sampling process consisted of three stages. First, a stratified random sample of 75 census tracts was selected based on 2000 Brazilian census. Second, interviewers carried out a door-to-door listing within each census tract to determine which households had a Nikkei member. Third, the survey questionnaire was then administered to households that were identified as Nikkei. A door-to-door listing exercise of the 75 census tracts was then carried out between October 13th, 2006, and October 29th, 2006. The fieldwork began on November 19, 2006, and all dwellings were visited at least once by December 22, 2006. The second wave of surveying took place from January 18th, 2007, to February 2nd, 2007, which was intended to increase the number of households responding.

2) Intercept survey

The intercept survey was designed to carry out interviews at a range of locations that were frequented by the Nikkei population. It was originally designed to be done in Sao Paulo city only, but a second intercept point survey was later carried out in Curitiba, Parana. Intercept survey took place between December 9th, 2006, and December 20th, 2006, whereas the Curitiba intercept survey took place between March 3rd and March 12th, 2007.

Consultations with Nikkei community organizations, local researchers and officers of the bank Sudameris, which provides remittance services to this community, were used to select a broad range of locations. Interviewers were assigned to visit each location during prespecified blocks of time. Two fieldworkers were assigned to each location. One fieldworker carried out the interviews, while the other carried out a count of the number of people with Nikkei appearance who appeared to be 18 years old or older who passed by each location. For the fixed places, this count was made throughout the prespecified time block. For example, between 2.30 p.m. and 3.30 p.m. at the sports club, the interviewer counted 57 adult Nikkeis. Refusal rates were carefully recorded, along with the sex and approximate age of the person refusing.

In all, 516 intercept interviews were collected.

3) Snowball sampling survey

The questionnaire that was used was the same as used for the stratified random sample. The plan was to begin with a seed list of 75 households, and to aim to reach a total sample of 300 households through referrals from the initial seed households. Each household surveyed was asked to supply the names of three contacts: (a) a Nikkei household with a member currently in Japan; (b) a Nikkei household with a member who has returned from Japan; (c) a Nikkei household without members in Japan and where individuals had not returned from Japan.

The snowball survey took place from December 5th to 20th, 2006. The second phase of the snowballing survey ran from January 22nd, 2007, to March 23rd, 2007. More associations were contacted to provide additional seed names (69 more names were obtained) and, as with the stratified sample, an adaptation of the intercept survey was used when individuals refused to answer the longer questionnaire. A decision was made to continue the snowball process until a target sample size of 100 had been achieved.

The final sample consists of 60 households who came as seed households from Japanese associations, and 40 households who were chain referrals. The longest chain achieved was three links.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

1) Stratified sampling and snowball survey questionnaire

This questionnaire has 36 pages with over 1,000 variables, taking over an hour to complete.

If subjects refused to answer the questionnaire, interviewers would leave a much shorter version of the questionnaire to be completed by the household by themselves, and later picked up. This shorter questionnaire was the same as used in the intercept point survey, taking seven minutes on average. The intention with the shorter survey was to provide some data on households that would not answer the full survey because of time constraints, or because respondents were reluctant to have an interviewer in their house.

2) Intercept questionnaire

The questionnaire is four pages in length, consisting of 62 questions and taking a mean time of seven minutes to answer. Respondents had to be 18 years old or older to be interviewed.

Response rate

1) Stratified random sampling 403 out of the 710 Nikkei households were surveyed, an interview rate of 57%. The refusal rate was 25%, whereas the remaining households were either absent on three attempts or were not surveyed because building managers refused permission to enter the apartment buildings. Refusal rates were higher in Sao Paulo than in Parana, reflecting greater concerns about crime and a busier urban environment.

2) Intercept Interviews 516 intercept interviews were collected, along with 325 refusals. The average refusal rate is 39%, with location-specific refusal rates ranging from only 3% at the food festival to almost 66% at one of the two grocery stores.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Dwelling

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: No - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Group quarters: A collective household is a group of persons that does not live in an ordinary household, but lives in a collective establishment, sharing meal times.

Universe

Residents of France, of any nationality. Does not include French citizens living in other countries, foreign tourists, or people passing through.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

SAMPLE UNIT: Private dwellings and individuals for group quarters and compte a part

SAMPLE FRACTION: 5%

SAMPLE UNIVERSE: The microdata sample includes mainland France and Corsica.

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 2,934,758

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Form 1A for dwelling consists of (1) dwelling characteristics, (2) List A. permanent occupants of the dwelling, (3) List B. household members who do not live in the dwelling of enumeration, and (4) building characteristics; Form 2B. Individual form.

This study was conducted under the auspices of the Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology at the University of Washington. It is a nationally representative sample of the population of the United States in 1900, drawn from the manuscript returns of individuals enumerated in the 1900 United States Census. Household variables include region, state and county of household, size of household, and type and ownership of dwelling. Individual variables for each household member include relationship to head of household, race, sex, age, marital status, number of children, and birthplace. Immigration variables include parents' birthplace, year of immigration and number of years in the United States. Occupation variables include occupation, coded by both the 1900 and 1950 systems, and number of months unemployed. Education variables include number of months in school, whether respondents could read or write a language, and whether they spoke English.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Household

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: No - Vacant units: No - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes (institutional)

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Not available - Households: An individual or group of people who inhabit part or all of the physical or census building, usually live together, who eat from one kitchen or organize daily needs together as one unit. - Group quarters: A special household includes people living in dormitories, barracks, or institutions in which daily needs are under the responsibility of a foundation or other organization. Also includes groups of people in lodging houses or buildings, where the total number of lodgers is ten or more.

Universe

All population residing in the geographic area of Indonesia regardless of residence status. Diplomats and their families residing in Indonesia were excluded.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: Statistics Indonesia

SAMPLE DESIGN: Geographically stratified systematic sample (drawn by MPC).

SAMPLE UNIT: Household

SAMPLE FRACTION: 10%

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 20,112,539

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

L1 questionnaire for buildings and households; L2 questionnaire for permanent residents; and L3 questionnaire for non-permanent residents (boat people, homeless persons, etc).

The Urban Household Sample of the 1860 United States Census was designed to supplement the Bateman-Foust rural sample with observations from urban areas. The sample covers both northern and southern towns and cities and permits examination of female occupations and labor force participation rates. Information on individuals includes occupation, city of residence, age, sex, race, dollar value of real and personal property owned, whether American or foreign born, and literacy. The second release of this collection adds nine constructed variables, including several weight variables, collapsed occupation, ICPSR state code, region, and unique internal family and household identifier numbers.

Abstract

The 2007/08 Agricultural Sample Census was designed to meet the data needs of a wide range of users down to district level including policy makers at local, regional and national levels, rural development agencies, funding institutions, researchers, NGOs, farmers' organizations, and others. The dataset is both more numerous in its sample and detailed in its scope and coverage so as to meet the user demand.

The census was carried out in order to:

• Identify any structural changes,in the size of farm household holdings, crop and livestock production, farm input and implement use. It also seeks to determine if there are any improvements in the rural infrastructure and the level of agricultural households living conditions;

-Provide benchmark data on productivity, production and agricultural practices in relation to policies and interventions promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security and other stakeholders; and

• Obtain data that will be used to address specific issues such as: food security, rural poverty, gender, agro-processing, marketing and service delivery.

Geographic coverage

Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar

Analysis unit

Community, Household, Individual

Universe

Small scale farmers, Large Scale Farmers, Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Mainland sample consisted of 3,192 villages. The total Mainland sample was 47,880 agricultural households while in Zanzibar, a total of 317 EAs were selected and 4,755 agricultural households were covered.

The villages were drawn from the National Master Sample (NMS) developed by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) to serve as a national framework for the conduct of household based surveys in the country. The National Master Sample was developed from the previous 2002 Population and Housing Census.

The numbers of villages/Enumeration Areas (EAs) were selected for the first stage with a probability proportional to the number of villages/EAs in each district. In the second stage, 15 households were selected from a list of agricultural households in each village/EA using systematic random sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The census used three different questionnaires: - Small scale farm questionnaire - Community level questionnaire - Large scale farm questionnaire

The small scale farm questionnaire was the main census instrument and it included questions related to crop and livestock production and practices; population demographics; access to services, community resources and infrastructure; issues on poverty and gender. The main topics covered were:

• Household demographics and activities of the household members
• Land access, ownership, tenure and use
• Crop and livestock production and productivity
• Access to inputs and farming implements
• Access and use of credit
• Access to infrastructure (roads, district and regional headquarters, markets, advisory services, schools, hospitals).
• Crop marketing, storage and agro processing
• Tree farming, agro-forestry, and fish farming
• Access and use of communal resources (grazing land, communal forests, water for humans and livestock, beekeeping)
• Investment activities ( irrigation structures, water harvesting, erosion control, fencing)
• Off farm income and non agricultural related activities
• Households living conditions (housing, sanitary facilities )
• Livelihood constraints
• Poverty Indicators

The community level questionnaire was designed to collect village level data such as access and use of common resources, community tree plantation and seasonal farm gate prices.

The Large Scale Farm questionnaire was administered to large farms either privately or corporately managed.

Cleaning operations

Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including: - Manual cleaning exercisePrior to scanning. (Questionnaires found dirty or damaged and generally unsuitable for scanning were put aside for manual data entry ) - CSPro was used for data entry of all Large Scale Farms and Community based questionnaires - Scanning and ICR data capture technology for the smallholder questionnaire - There was an Interactive validation during the ICR extraction process. - The use of a batch validation program developed in CSPro. This was used in order to identify inconsistencies within a questionnaire. - Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to produce the Census tabulations - Microsoft Excel was used to organize the tables, charts and compute additional indicators -Arc GIS (Geographical Information System) was used in producing the maps. - Microsoft Word was used in compiling and writing up the reports

Abstract

The 2005 Republic of Palau Census of Population and Housing will be used to give a snapshot of Republic of Palau's population and housing at the mid-point of the decade. This Census is also important because it measures the population at the beginning of the implementation of the Compact of Free Association. The information collected in the census is needed to plan for the needs of the population. The government uses the census figures to allocate funds for public services in a wide variety of areas, such as education, housing, and job training. The figures also are used by private businesses, academic institutions, local organizations, and the public in general to understand who we are and what our situation is, in order to prepare better for our future needs.

The fundamental purpose of a census is to provide information on the size, distribution and characteristics of a country's population. The census data are used for policymaking, planning and administration, as well as in management and evaluation of programmes in education, labour force, family planning, housing, health, transportation and rural development. A basic administrative use is in the demarcation of constituencies and allocation of representation to governing bodies. The census is also an invaluable resource for research, providing data for scientific analysis of the composition and distribution of the population and for statistical models to forecast its future growth. The census provides business and industry with the basic data they need to appraise the demand for housing, schools, furnishings, food, clothing, recreational facilities, medical supplies and other goods and services.

Geographic coverage

A hierarchical geographic presentation shows the geographic entities in a superior/subordinate structure in census products. This structure is derived from the legal, administrative, or areal relationships of the entities. The hierarchical structure is depicted in report tables by means of indentation. The following structure is used for the 2005 Census of the Republic of Palau:

Republic of Palau State Hamlet/Village Enumeration District Block

Analysis unit

Individuals Families Households General Population

Universe

The Census covered all the households and respective residents in the entire country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable to a full enumeration census.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The 2005 Palau Census of Population and Housing comprises three parts: 1. Housing - one form for each household 2. Population - one for for each member of the household 3. People who have left home - one form for each household.

Cleaning operations

Full scale processing and editing activiities comprised eight separate sessions either with or separately but with remote guidance of the U.S. Census Bureau experts to finalize all datasets for publishing stage.

Processing operation was handled with care to produce a set of data that describes the population as clearly and accurately as possible. To meet this objective, questionnaires were reviewed and edited during field data collection operations by crew leaders for consistency, completeness, and acceptability. Questionnaires were also reviewed by census clerks in the census office for omissions, certain inconsistencies, and population coverage. For example, write-in entries such as "Don't know" or "NA" were considered unacceptable in certain quantities and/or in conjunction with other data omissions.

As a result of this review operation, a telephone or personal visit follow-up was made to obtain missing information. Potential coverage errors were included in the follow-up, as well as questionnaires with omissions or inconsistencies beyond the completeness and quality tolerances specified in the review procedures.

Subsequent to field operations, remaining incomplete or inconsistent information on the questionnaires was assigned using imputation procedures during the final automated edit of the collected data. Allocations, or computer assignments of acceptable data in place of unacceptable entries or blanks, were needed most often when an entry for a given item was lacking or when the information reported for a person or housing unit on that item was inconsistent with other information for that same person or housing unit. As in previous censuses, the general procedure for changing unacceptable entries was to assign an entry for a person or housing unit that was consistent with entries for persons or housing units with similar characteristics. The assignment of acceptable data in lace of blanks or unacceptable entries enhanced the usefulness of the data.

Another way to make corrections during the computer editing process is substitution. Substitution is the assignment of a full set of characteristics for a person or housing unit. Because of the detailed field operations, substitution was not needed for the 2005 Census.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling Error is not applicable to full enumeration censuses.

Data appraisal

In any large-scale statistical operation, such as the 2005 Census of the Republic of Palau, human- and machine-related errors were anticipated. These errors are commonly referred to as nonsampling errors. Such errors include not enumerating every household or every person in the population, not obtaining all required information form the respondents, obtaining incorrect or inconsistent information, and recording information incorrectly. In addition, errors can occur during the field review of the enumerators' work, during clerical handling of the census questionnaires, or during the electronic processing of the questionnaires.

To reduce various types of nonsampling errors, a number of techniques were implemented during the planning, data collection, and data processing activities. Quality assurance methods were used throughout the data collection and processing phases of the census to improve the quality of the data.

Abstract

The 2005 Census of Population and Housing was the third comprehensive data collection of population and housing characteristics taken by the Republic since Compact Implementation in October 1994. The 2005 Census of Palau had two volumes. This first volume contained the basic tables, which can be used instantly for planning and policy determination. A second volume, the Census monograph, contained analyses of trends and comparisons of the States.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Individuals Families Households General Population

Universe

The Census covered all the households and respective residents in the entire country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable to a full enumeration census. For details please refer to the attached Basic Tables and Monograph.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Full scale processing and editing activiities comprised eight separate sessions either with or separately but with remote guidance of the U.S. Census Bureau experts to finalize all datasets for publishing stage.

Response rate

In any large-scale statistical operation, such as the 2005 Census of the Republic of Palau, human- and machine-related errors do occur. These errors are commonly referred to as nonsampling errors. Such errors include not enumerating every household or every person in the population, not obtaining all required information form the respondents, obtaining incorrect or inconsistent information, and recording information incorrectly. In addition, errors can occur during the field review of the enumerators' work, during clerical handling of the census questionnaires, or during the electronic processing of the questionnaires.

To reduce various types of nonsampling errors, a number of techniques were implemented during the planning, data collection, and data processing activities. Quality assurance methods were used throughout the data collection and processing phases of the census to improve the quality of the data.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling Error is not applicable to censuses; however, a processing operation was handled with care to produce a set of data that describes the population as clearly and accurately as possible. To meet this objective, questionnaires were reviewed and edited during field data collection operations by crew leaders for consistency, completeness, and acceptability. Questionnaires were also reviewed by census clerks in the census office for omissions, certain inconsistencies, and population coverage. For example, write-in entries such as “Don't know” or “NA” were considered unacceptable in certain quantities and/or in conjunction with other data omissions.

As a result of this review operation, a telephone or personal visit follow-up was made to obtain missing information. Potential coverage errors were included in the follow-up, as well as questionnaires with omissions or inconsistencies beyond the completeness and quality tolerances specified in the review procedures.

Subsequent to field operations, remaining incomplete or inconsistent information on the questionnaires was assigned using imputation procedures during the final automated edit of the collected data. Allocations, or computer assignments of acceptable data in place of unacceptable entries or blanks, were needed most often when an entry for a given item was lacking or when the information reported for a person or housing unit on that item was inconsistent with other information for that same person or housing unit. As in previous censuses, the general procedure for changing unacceptable entries was to assign an entry for a person or housing unit that was consistent with entries for persons or housing units with similar characteristics. The assignment of acceptable data in lace of blanks or unacceptable entries enhanced the usefulness of the data.

Another way to make corrections during the computer editing process is substitution. Substitution is the assignment of a full set of characteristics for a person or housing unit. Because of the detailed field operations, substitution was not needed for the 2005 Census.

Data appraisal

In any large-scale statistical operation, such as the 2005 Census of the Republic of Palau, human- and machine-related errors were anticipated. These errors are commonly referred to as nonsampling errors. Such errors include not enumerating every household or every person in the population, not obtaining all required information form the respondents, obtaining incorrect or inconsistent information, and recording information incorrectly. In addition, errors can occur during the field review of the enumerators' work, during clerical handling of the census questionnaires, or during the electronic processing of the questionnaires.

To reduce various types of nonsampling errors, a number of techniques were implemented during the planning, data collection, and data processing activities. Quality assurance methods were used throughout the data collection and processing phases of the census to improve the quality of the data.

The 1961 Census Microdata for Great Britain: 9% Sample: Secure Access dataset was created from existing digital records from the 1961 Census. It comprises a larger population sample than the other files available from the 1961 Census (see below) and so contains sufficient information to constitute personal data, meaning that it is only available to Accredited Researchers, under restrictive Secure Access conditions. See Access section for further details.

The file was created under a project known as Enhancing and Enriching Historic Census Microdata Samples (EEHCM), which was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council with input from the Office for National Statistics and National Records of Scotland. The project ran from 2012-2014 and was led from the UK Data Archive, University of Essex, in collaboration with the Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research (CMIST) at the University of Manchester and the Census Offices. In addition to the 1961 data, the team worked on files from the 1971 Census and 1981 Census.

The original 1961 records preceded current data archival standards and were created before microdata sets for secondary use were anticipated. A process of data recovery and quality checking was necessary to maximise their utility for current researchers, though some imperfections remain (see the User Guide for details).

Three other 1961 Census datasets have been created; users should obtain the other datasets in the series first to see whether they are sufficient for their research needs before considering making an application for this study (SN 8275), the Secure Access version:

• SN 8272 - 1961 Census Microdata Individual File for Great Britain: 5% Sample, which contains information on individuals in larger local authorities;
• SN 8273 - 1961 Census Microdata Household File for Great Britain: 0.95% Sample, which links household members together to allow individuals to be understood within their household context. SNs 8272 and 8273 are both available to registered UK Data Service users based in the United Kingdom (see Access section for non-UK access restrictions); and
• SN 8274 - 1961 Census Microdata Teaching Dataset for Great Britain: 1% Sample: Open Access, which can be used as a taster file and is freely available for anyone to download under an Open Government Licence.

This layer shows Population. This is shown by state and county boundaries. This service contains the 2018-2022 release of data from the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year data, and contains estimates and margins of error. There are also additional calculated attributes related to this topic, which can be mapped or used within analysis. This layer is symbolized to show the point by Population Density and size of the point by Total Population. The size of the symbol represents the total count of housing units. Population Density was calculated based on the total population and area of land fields, which both came from the U.S. Census Bureau. Formula used for Calculating the Pop Density (B01001_001E/GEO_LAND_AREA_SQ_KM). To see the full list of attributes available in this service, go to the "Data" tab, and choose "Fields" at the top right. Current Vintage: 2018-2022ACS Table(s): B01001, B09020Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey Date of API call: January 18, 2024National Figures: data.census.govThe United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS):About the SurveyGeography & ACSTechnical DocumentationNews & UpdatesThis ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data.Data Note from the Census:Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see Accuracy of the Data). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables.Data Processing Notes:Boundaries come from the Cartographic Boundaries via US Census TIGER geodatabases. Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates, and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines clipped for cartographic purposes. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters). The States layer contains 52 records - all US states, Washington D.C., and Puerto Rico. The Counties (and equivalent) layer contains 3221 records - all counties and equivalent, Washington D.C., and Puerto Rico municipios. See Areas Published. Percentages and derived counts, and associated margins of error, are calculated values (that can be identified by the "_calc_" stub in the field name), and abide by the specifications defined by the American Community Survey.Field alias names were created based on the Table Shells.Margin of error (MOE) values of -555555555 in the API (or "*****" (five asterisks) on data.census.gov) are displayed as 0 in this dataset. The estimates associated with these MOEs have been controlled to independent counts in the ACS weighting and have zero sampling error. So, the MOEs are effectively zeroes, and are treated as zeroes in MOE calculations. Other negative values on the API, such as -222222222, -666666666, -888888888, and -999999999, all represent estimates or MOEs that can't be calculated or can't be published, usually due to small sample sizes. All of these are rendered in this dataset as null (blank) values.

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, the decennial census is the official source of population totals for April 1st of each decennial year. In between censuses, the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units and the group quarters population for states and counties..Information about the American Community Survey (ACS) can be found on the ACS website. Supporting documentation including code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing, and a full list of ACS tables and table shells (without estimates) can be found on the Technical Documentation section of the ACS website.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates.ACS data generally reflect the geographic boundaries of legal and statistical areas as of January 1 of the estimate year. For more information, see Geography Boundaries by Year..Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Users must consider potential differences in geographic boundaries, questionnaire content or coding, or other methodological issues when comparing ACS data from different years. Statistically significant differences shown in ACS Comparison Profiles, or in data users' own analysis, may be the result of these differences and thus might not necessarily reflect changes to the social, economic, housing, or demographic characteristics being compared. For more information, see Comparing ACS Data..Employment and unemployment estimates may vary from the official labor force data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics because of differences in survey design and data collection. For guidance on differences in employment and unemployment estimates from different sources go to Labor Force Guidance..Armed Forces data are not shown for the population 65 years and over..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on 2020 Census data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:- The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution. For a 5-year median estimate, the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself.N The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area. (X) The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.median- The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "2,500-")median+ The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "250,000+").** The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.*** The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.***** A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.

Geographic coverage

The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir (for central sample), (ii) interior villages of Nagaland situated beyond five kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remain inaccessible throughout the year.

Analysis unit

Household, Individual

Universe

The following rules regarding the population to be covered were applied in listing of households and persons:

1. Under-trial prisoners in jails and indoor patients of hospitals, nursing homes etc., are to be excluded, but residential staff therein will be listed while listing is done in such institutions. The persons of the first category will be considered as normal members of their parent households and will be counted there. Convicted prisoners undergoing sentence will be outside the coverage of the survey.

2. Floating population, i.e., persons without any normal residence will not be listed. But households residing in open space, roadside shelter, under a bridge, etc., more or less regularly in the same place, will be listed.

3. Foreign nationals will not be listed, nor their domestic servants, if by definition the latter belong to the foreign national's household. If, however, a foreign national becomes an Indian citizen for all practical purposes, he or she will be covered.

4. Persons residing in barracks of military and paramilitary forces (like police, BSF, etc.) will be kept outside the survey coverage due to difficulty in conduct of survey therein. However, civilian population residing in their neighbourhood, including the family quarters of service personnel, are to be covered. Permission for this may have to be obtained from appropriate authorities.

5. Orphanages, rescue homes, ashrams and vagrant houses are outside the survey coverage. However, persons staying in old age homes, students staying in ashrams/ hostels and the residential staff (other than monks/ nuns) of these ashrams may be listed. For orphanages, although orphans are not to be listed, the persons looking after them and staying there may be considered for listing.

DEFINITION OF A HOUSEHOLD:

A group of persons normally living together and taking food from a common kitchen will constitute a household. It will include temporary stay-aways (those whose total period of absence from the household is expected to be less than 6 months) but exclude temporary visitors and guests (expected total period of stay less than 6 months). Even though the determination of the actual composition of a household will be left to the judgment of the head of the household, the following procedures will be adopted as guidelines.

(i) Each inmate (including residential staff) of a hostel, mess, hotel, boarding and lodging house, etc., will constitute a single-member household. If, however, a group of persons among them normally pool their income for spending, they will together be treated as forming a single household. For example, a family living in a hotel will be treated as a single household.

(ii) In deciding the composition of a household, more emphasis is to be placed on 'normally living together' than on 'ordinarily taking food from a common kitchen'. In case the place of residence of a person is different from the place of boarding, he or she will be treated as a member of the household with whom he or she resides.

(iii) A resident employee, or domestic servant, or a paying guest (but not just a tenant in the household) will be considered as a member of the household with whom he or she resides even though he or she is not a member of the same family.

(iv) When a person sleeps in one place (say, in a shop or in a room in another house because of space shortage) but usually takes food with his or her family, he or she should be treated not as a single member household but as a member of the household in which other members of his or her family stay.

(v) If a member of a family (say, a son or a daughter of the head of the family) stays elsewhere (say, in hostel for studies or for any other reason), he/ she will not be considered as a member of his/ her parent's household. However, he/ she will be listed as a single member household if the hostel is listed.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 64th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) was the 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. However, for the newly declared towns and out growths (OGs) in census 2001 for which UFS had not yet been done, each individual town/ OG was considered as an FSU. The ultimate stage units (USU) was be households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs i.e. villages/ towns/ blocks requiring hamlet-group (hg)/ sub-block (sb) formation, one intermediate stage was the selection of two hgs/ sbs from each FSU.

Sampling Frame for First Stage Units: For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages (Panchayat wards for Kerala) constitute the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks and for non-UFS towns list of such towns/ OGs was considered as the sampling frame.

Stratification: Within each district of a State/ UT, generally speaking, two basic strata were formed: i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising of all the urban areas of the district. However, within the urban areas of a district, if there were one or more towns with population 10 lakhs or more as per population census 2001 in a district, each of them formed a separate basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district was considered as another basic stratum. For a few districts, particularly in case of Tamil Nadu, if total number of towns in the district for which UFS was not yet done exceeds certain number, all such towns taken together formed another basic stratum. Otherwise, they were merged with the UFS towns for stratification.

Sub-stratification in the Rural sector: If "r" be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of sub-strata formed is "r/4?. The villages within a district as per frame were first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to "r/4" were demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal population.

Sub-stratification in the Urban sector: If "u" be the sample size for a urban stratum, "u/4" number of sub-strata were formed. The towns within a district, except those with population 10 lakhs or more and also the non-UFS towns, were first arranged in ascending order of population. Next, UFS blocks of each town were arranged by IV unit no. × block no. in ascending order. From this arranged frame of UFS blocks of all the towns, "u/4? number of sub-strata were formed in such a way that each sub-stratum had more or less equal number of FSUs. For towns with population 10 lakhs or more, the urban blocks were first arranged by IV unit no. × block no. in ascending order. Then "u/4? number of sub-strata were formed in such a way that each sub-stratum had more or less equal number of blocks. All non-UFS towns taken together within the district formed one sub-stratum.

Total sample size (FSUs): 12688 FSUs for central sample and 13624 FSUs for state sample have been allocated at all-India level.

Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs is allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2001 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators had been kept in view.

Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample was allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 8 FSUs was allocated to each state/ UT separately for rural and urban areas. Further the State level allocation for both rural and urban have been adjusted marginally in a few cases to ensure that each stratum gets a minimum allocation of 4 FSUs.

==========

More information on the sampling methodology is available in the document " Instructions to Field Staff - Volume-I"

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

In the 64th round survey, a separate schedule on employment and unemployment (Schedule 10.2), with provision for collecting information on migration particulars, will be canvassed.

The broad structure of the employment and unemployment part of Schedule 10.2 will be the same as that of the schedule canvassed during the NSS 60th round with the following modifications: a) Information on vocational training will not be collected. b) Particulars of persons unemployed on all the 7 days will not be collected in the present round.

The scope for collecting information on migration particulars has been enlarged with the provision for collecting information on: a) Migration particulars of the households which migrated to the place of enumeration during the last 365 days, such as location of last usual residence, pattern of migration and reason for migration. b) Particulars of out-migrants who migrated out to other village/ town, from the household, any time in the past, such as present place of residence, reason for migration, period

Abstract

The key objective of every census is to count every person (man, woman, child) resident in the country on census night, and also collect information on assorted demographic (sex, age, marital status, citizenship) and socio-economic (education/qualifications; labour force and economic activity) information, as well as data pertinent to household and housing characteristics. This count provides a complete picture of the population make-up in each village and town, of each island and region, thus allowing for an assessment of demographic change over time.

The need for a national census became obvious to the Census Office (Bureau of Statistics) during 1997 when a memo was submitted to government officials proposing the need for a national census in an attempt to update old socio-economic figures. The then Acting Director of the Bureau of Statistics and his predecessor shared a similar view: that the 'heydays' and 'prosperity' were nearing their end. This may not have been apparent, as it took until almost mid-2001 for the current Acting Government Statistician to receive instructions to prepare planning for a national census targeted for 2002. It has been repeatedly said that for adequate planning at the national level, information about the characteristics of the society is required. With such information, potential impacts can be forecast and policies can be designed for the improvement and benefit of society. Without it, the people, national planners and leaders will inevitably face uncertainties.

Geographic coverage

National coverage as the Population Census covers the whole of Nauru.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual (in a private household dwelling, institutions and non-private dwelling).

Universe

The Census covers all individuals living in private and non-private dwellings and institutions.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling deviation

There is no sampling for the population census, full coverage.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire was based on the Pacific Islands Model Population and Housing Census Form and the 1992 census, and comprised two parts: a set of household questions, asked only of the head of household, and an individual questionnaire, administered to each household member. Unlike the previous census, which consisted of a separate household form plus two separate individual forms for Nauruans and non-Nauruans, the 2 002 questionnaire consisted of only one form separated into different parts and sections. Instructions (and skips) were desi

The questionnaire cover recorded various identifiers: district name, enumeration area, house number, number of households (family units) residing, total number of residents, gender, and whether siblings of the head of the house were also recorded. The second page, representing a summary page, listed every individual residing within the house. This list was taken by the enumerator on the first visit, on the eve of census night. The first part of the census questionnaire focused on housing-related questions. It was administered only once in each household, with questions usually asked of the household head. The household form asked the same range of questions as those covered in the 1992 census, relating to type of housing, structure of outer walls, water supply sources and storage, toilet and cooking facilities, lighting, construction materials and subsistence-type activities. The second part of the census questionnaire focused on individual questions covering all household members. This section was based on the 1992 questions, with notable differences being the exclusion of income-level questions and the expansion of fertility and mortality questions. As in 1992, a problem emerged during questionnaire design regarding the question of who or what should determine a ‘Nauruan’. Unlike the 1992 census, where the emphasis was on blood ties, the issue of naturalisation and citizenship through the sale of passports seriously complicated matters in 2 002. To resolve this issue, it was decided to apply two filtering processes: Stage 1 identified persons with tribal heritage through manual editing, and Stage 2 identified persons of Nauruan nationality and citizenship through designed skips in the questionnaire that were incorporated in the data-processing programming.

The topics of questions for each of the parts include: - Person Particulars: - name - relationship - sex - ethnicity - religion - educational attainment - Economic Activity (to all persons 15 years and above): - economic activity - economic inactive - employment status - Fertility: - Fertility - Mortality - Labour Force Activity: - production of cash crops - fishing - own account businesses - handicrafts. - Disability: - type of disability - nature of disability - Household and housing: - electricity - water - tenure - lighting - cooking - sanitation - wealth ownerships

Cleaning operations

Coding, data entry and editing Coding took longer than expected when the Census Office found that more quality-control checks were required before coding could take place and that a large number of forms still required attention. While these quality-control checks were supposed to have been done by the supervisors in the field, the Census Office decided to review all census forms before commencing the coding. This process took approximately three months, before actual data processing could begin. The amount of additional time required to recheck the quality of every census form meant that data processing fell behind schedule. The Census Office had to improvise, with a little pressure from external stakeholders, and coding, in conjunction with data entry, began after recruiting two additional data entry personnel. All four Census Office staff became actively involved with coding, with one staff member alternating between coding and data entry, depending on which process was dropping behind schedule. In the end, the whole process took almost two months to complete. Prior to commencing data entry, the Census Office had to familiarise itself with the data entry processing system. For this purpose, SPC’s Demography/Population Programme was invited to lend assistance. Two office staff were appointed to work with Mr Arthur Jorari, SPC Population Specialist, who began by revising their skills for the data processing software that had been introduced by Dr McMurray. This training attachment took two weeks to complete. Data entry was undertaken using the 2 .3 version of the US Census Bureau’s census and surveying processing software, or CSPro2.3. This version was later updated to CSPro2.4, and all data were transferred accordingly. Technical assistance for data editing was provided by Mr Jorari over a two-week period. While most edits were completed during this period, it was discovered that some batches of questionnaires had not been entered during the initial data capturing. Therefore, batch-edit application had to be regenerated. This process was frequently interrupted by power outages prevailing at the time, which delayed data processing considerably and also required much longer periods of technical support to the two Nauru data processing staff via phone or email (when available).

Data appraisal

Data was compared with Administrative records after the Census to review the quality and reliability of the data.

The American Community Survey Education Tabulation (ACS-ED) is a custom tabulation of the ACS produced for the National Center of Education Statistics (NCES) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The ACS-ED provides a rich collection of social, economic, demographic, and housing characteristics for school systems, school-age children, and the parents of school-age children. In addition to focusing on school-age children, the ACS-ED provides enrollment iterations for children enrolled in public school. The data profiles include percentages (along with associated margins of error) that allow for comparison of school district-level conditions across the U.S. For more information about the NCES ACS-ED collection, visit the NCES Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE) program at: https://nces.ed.gov/programs/edge/Demographic/ACSAnnotation values are negative value representations of estimates and have values when non-integer information needs to be represented. See the table below for a list of common Estimate/Margin of Error (E/M) values and their corresponding Annotation (EA/MA) values.All information contained in this file is in the public domain. Data users are advised to review NCES program documentation and feature class metadata to understand the limitations and appropriate use of these data.

-9

An '-9' entry in the estimate and margin of error columns indicates that data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.

-8

An '-8' means that the estimate is not applicable or not available.

-6

A '-6' entry in the estimate column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution.

-5

A '-5' entry in the margin of error column indicates that the estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate.

-3

A '-3' entry in the margin of error column indicates that the median falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate.

-2

A '-2' entry in the margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate.

Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties..Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section.Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section..Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2017-2021 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables..Methodological changes to citizenship edits may have affected citizenship data for those born in American Samoa. Users should be aware of these changes when using 2018 data or multi-year data containing data from 2018. For more information, see: American Samoa Citizenship User Note..When information is missing or inconsistent, the Census Bureau logically assigns an acceptable value using the response to a related question or questions. If a logical assignment is not possible, data are filled using a statistical process called allocation, which uses a similar individual or household to provide a donor value. The "Allocated" section is the number of respondents who received an allocated value for a particular subject..The 2017-2021 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the March 2020 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities..Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization..Explanation of Symbols:- The estimate could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations. For a ratio of medians estimate, one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution. For a 5-year median estimate, the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself.N The estimate or margin of error cannot be displayed because there were an insufficient number of sample cases in the selected geographic area. (X) The estimate or margin of error is not applicable or not available.median- The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "2,500-")median+ The median falls in the highest interval of an open-ended distribution (for example "250,000+").** The margin of error could not be computed because there were an insufficient number of sample observations.*** The margin of error could not be computed because the median falls in the lowest interval or highest interval of an open-ended distribution.***** A margin of error is not appropriate because the corresponding estimate is controlled to an independent population or housing estimate. Effectively, the corresponding estimate has no sampling error and the margin of error may be treated as zero.

The State Legislative District Summary File (Sample) (SLDSAMPLE) contains the sample data, which is the information compiled from the questions asked of a sample of all people and housing units. Population items include basic population totals; urban and rural; households and families; marital status; grandparents as caregivers; language and ability to speak English; ancestry; place of birth, citizenship status, and year of entry; migration; place of work; journey to work (commuting); school enrollment and educational attainment; veteran status; disability; employment status; industry, occupation, and class of worker; income; and poverty status. Housing items include basic housing totals; urban and rural; number of rooms; number of bedrooms; year moved into unit; household size and occupants per room; units in structure; year structure built; heating fuel; telephone service; plumbing and kitchen facilities; vehicles available; value of home; monthly rent; and shelter costs. The file contains subject content identical to that shown in Summary File 3 (SF 3).

Abstract

The programme for the World Census of Agriculture 2000 is the eighth in the series for promoting a global approach to agricultural census taking. The first and second programmes were sponsored by the International Institute for Agriculture (IITA) in 1930 and 1940. Subsequent ones up to 1990 were promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO). FAO recommends that each country should conduct at least one agricultural census in each census programme decade and its programme for the World Census of Agriculture 2000 for instance corresponds to agricultural census to be undertaken during the decade 1996 to 2005. Many countries do not have sufficient resources for conducting an agricultural census. It therefore became an acceptable practice since 1960 to conduct agricultural census on sample basis for those countries lacking the resources required for a complete enumeration.

In Nigeria's case, a combination of complete enumeration and sample enumeration is adopted whereby the rural (peasant) holdings are covered on sample basis while the modern holdings are covered on complete enumeration. The project named “National Agricultural Sample Census” derives from this practice. Nigeria through the National Agricultural Sample Census (NASC) participated in the 1970's, 1980's, 1990's programmes of the World Census of Agriculture. Nigeria failed to conduct the Agricultural Census in 2003/2004 because of lack of funding. The NBS regular annual agriculture surveys since 1996 had been epileptic and many years of backlog of data set are still unprocessed. The baseline agricultural data is yet to be updated while the annual regular surveys suffered set back. There is an urgent need by the governments (Federal, State, LGA), sector agencies, FAO and other International Organizations to come together to undertake the agricultural census exercise which is long overdue. The conduct of 2006/2008 National Agricultural Sample Census Survey is now on course with the pilot exercise carried out in the third quarter of 2007.

The National Agricultural Sample Census (NASC) 2006/08 is imperative to the strengthening of the weak agricultural data in Nigeria. The project is phased into three sub-projects for ease of implementation; the Pilot Survey, Modern Agricultural Holding and the Main Census. It commenced in the third quarter of 2006 and to terminate in the first quarter of 2008. The pilot survey was implemented collaboratively by National Bureau of Statistics.

The main objective of the pilot survey was to test the adequacy of the survey instruments, equipments and administration of questionnaires, data processing arrangement and report writing. The pilot survey conducted in July 2007 covered the two NBS survey system-the National Integrated Survey of Households (NISH) and National Integrated Survey of Establishment (NISE). The survey instruments were designed to be applied using the two survey systems while the use of Geographic Positioning System (GPS) was introduced as additional new tool for implementing the project.

The Stakeholders workshop held at Kaduna on 21st-23rd May 2007 was one of the initial bench marks for the take off of the pilot survey. The pilot survey implementation started with the first level training (training of trainers) at the NBS headquarters between 13th - 15th June 2007. The second level training for all levels of field personnels was implemented at headquarters of the twelve (12) concerned states between 2nd - 6th July 2007. The field work of the pilot survey commenced on the 9th July and ended on the 13th of July 07. The IMPS and SPSS were the statistical packages used to develop the data entry programme.

Geographic coverage

State

Analysis unit

Households who are rearing livestock or kept poultry

Universe

Livestock or poultry household

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The survey was carried out in 12 states falling under 6 geo-political zones. 2 states were covered in each geo-political zone. 2 local government areas per selected state were studied. 2 Rural enumeration areas per local government area were covered and 3 Livestock/poultry farming housing units were systematically selected and canvassed.

Sampling deviation

No Deviation

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The NASC livestock and poultry questionnaire was divided into the following sections: - Identification/description of holdings - Funds, employment and earnings/wages - Livestock - Poultry - Fixed assets - Sales - Stock - Subsidy

Cleaning operations

The data processing and analysis plan involved five main stages: training of data processing staff; manual editing and coding; development of data entry programme; data entry and editing and tabulation. Census and Surveys Processing System (CSPro) software were used for data entry, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and CSPro for editing and a combination of SPSS, Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) and EXCEL for table generation. The subject-matter specialists and computer personnel from the NBS and CBN implemented the data processing work. Tabulation Plans were equally developed by these officers for their areas and topics covered in the three-survey system used for the exercise. The data editing is in 2 phases namely manual editing before the data entry were done. This involved using editors at the various zones to manually edit and ensure consistency in the information on the questionnaire. The second editing is the computer editing, this is the cleaning of the already enterd data. The completed questionnaires were collected and edited manually (a) Office editing and coding were done by the editor using visual control of the questionnaire before data entry (b) Cspro was used to design the data entry template provided as external resource (c) Ten operator plus two suppervissor and two progammer were used (d) Ten machines were used for data entry (e) After data entry data entry supervisor runs fequency on each section to see that all the questionnaire were enterd

Response rate

The response rate at EA level was 100 percent, while 99.3 percent was recorded at housing units level.

Sampling error estimates

No computation of sampling error

Data appraisal

The Quality Control measures were carried out during the survey, essentially to ensure quality of data. There were two levels of supervision involving the supervisors at the first level, NBS State Officers and Zonal Controllers at second level and finally the NBS Headquarters staff constituting the second level supervision.

This layer shows total population count by sex and age group. This is shown by state and county boundaries. This service is updated annually to contain the most currently released American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year data, and contains estimates and margins of error. There are also additional calculated attributes related to this topic, which can be mapped or used within analysis. This layer is symbolized to show the Total population ages 65 and over. To see the full list of attributes available in this service, go to the "Data" tab, and choose "Fields" at the top right. Current Vintage: 2014-2018ACS Table(s): B01001, C17002, DP02, DP05Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey Date of API call: December 19, 2019National Figures: data.census.govThe United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS):About the SurveyGeography & ACSTechnical DocumentationNews & UpdatesThis ready-to-use layer can be used within ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, its configurable apps, dashboards, Story Maps, custom apps, and mobile apps. Data can also be exported for offline workflows. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data.Data Note from the Census:Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see Accuracy of the Data). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables.Data Processing Notes:This layer is updated automatically when the most current vintage of ACS data is released each year, usually in December. The layer always contains the latest available ACS 5-year estimates. It is updated annually within days of the Census Bureau's release schedule. Click here to learn more about ACS data releases.Boundaries come from the US Census TIGER geodatabases. Boundaries are updated at the same time as the data updates (annually), and the boundary vintage appropriately matches the data vintage as specified by the Census. These are Census boundaries with water and/or coastlines clipped for cartographic purposes. For census tracts, the water cutouts are derived from a subset of the 2010 AWATER (Area Water) boundaries offered by TIGER. For state and county boundaries, the water and coastlines are derived from the coastlines of the 500k TIGER Cartographic Boundary Shapefiles. The original AWATER and ALAND fields are still available as attributes within the data table (units are square meters). The States layer contains 52 records - all US states, Washington D.C., and Puerto RicoCensus tracts with no population that occur in areas of water, such as oceans, are removed from this data service (Census Tracts beginning with 99).Percentages and derived counts, and associated margins of error, are calculated values (that can be identified by the "_calc_" stub in the field name), and abide by the specifications defined by the American Community Survey.Field alias names were created based on the Table Shells file available from the American Community Survey Summary File Documentation page.Negative values (e.g., -555555...) have been set to null. These negative values exist in the raw API data to indicate the following situations:The margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate.Either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution.The median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution, or in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate.The estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate.The data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small. NOTE: any calculated percentages or counts that contain estimates that have null margins of error yield null margins of error for the calculated fields.

NOTE: Data based on a sample except in P3, P4, H3, and H4. For.information on confidentiality protection, sampling error,.nonsampling error, definitions, and count corrections see.http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/doc/slds.pdf