Attitude of the German population and of critics of the census to the census after census day on 31 May 1987. Political attitudes. Topics: political interest; satisfaction with democracy in the Federal Republic; government orientation toward its own interests or public interest; perceived protection of rights to freedom by the political system and the current Federal Government; satisfaction with the job of the Federal Government; attitude to the census; receipt of a written request to fill out the questionnaire; intent to participate in the census before start of counting; personal willingness to participate in the census even given voluntary participation; assumed level of non-participation in the census; attitude to the census in one´s circle of friends and acquaintances; conversations about the census in social surroundings after conclusion of the survey and time of last conversation; knowledge about contents of the census survey; additionally expected questions; questions that one would not gladly answer; response or boycott behavior during the survey; attitude to government statistics; attitude to punishment of census boycotters and knowledge of cases of refusal; assumed willingness of the population to participate as well as honesty of responses given voluntary participation in the census; voluntarily providing selected personal data; preference for census or providing data already available by government offices; assumed benefit or damage from discussions about the census in the media and reasons for this assessment; attitude to earlier calls for boycott and to the time of survey; judgement on the success of the boycott movement; attitude to selected arguments for and against the census; benefit of a census; attitude to the obligation to provide information; census boycott as protest against the government; census participation as democratic duty; self-assessment on a left-right continuum; assumed position of the majority of the population on a left-right continuum; understanding of democracy and comparison of this right with reality in the Federal Republic; party preference; violation of fundamental rights by measures of authorities perceived personally or by persons from social surroundings; attitude to technology; perceived insecurity in contact with authorities and attitude to government offices; concerns regarding misuse of personal census data; trust in observance of data protection; attitude to storage of personal data; importance of data protection; assumed observance of data protection regulations; knowledge of cases of data misuse and source of information about such violations; assumed willingness to participate in a future census; attitude to opinion polls (scale); willingness to participate in a microcensus survey; willingness to provide information from one´s private sphere to friends, neighbors, census bureaus and scientific surveys; attitude to selected government statistics; willingness to respond in order to make statistics possible; fear of data misuse; concerns regarding misuse of personal data by selected institutions and government offices (scale); attitude to selected illegal actions (scale); religiousness (scale); attitude to questions of belief and the meaning of life (scale); belief in supernatural, inexplicable events as well as horoscopes and telepathy. Demography: month of birth; year of birth; sex; religious denomination; school education; employment; college in vicinity of place of residence; students in residential area; possession of a telephone. Interviewer rating: presence of third persons during interview and person desiring this presence; intervention of others in interview and person causing the intervention; attitude to the census of other persons present during interview; presence of further persons in other rooms; reliability and willingness of respondent to cooperate. Additionally encoded were: length of interview; date of interview; identification of interviewer; sex of interviewer; age of interviewer. Einstellung der bundesdeutschen Bevölkerung und von Volkszählungskritikern zur Volkszählung nach dem Stichtag am 31. Mai 1987. Politische Einstellungen. Themen: Politisches Interesse; Zufriedenheit mit der Demokratie in der Bundesrepublik; Interessen- oder Gemeinwohlorientierung der Regierung; empfundener Schutz der Freiheitsrechte durch das politische System und die gegenwärtige Bundesregierung; Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit der Bundesregierung; Einstellung zur Volkszählung; Erhalt einer schriftlichen Aufforderung zum Ausfüllen des Fragebogens; Teilnahmeabsicht an der Volkszählung vor Beginn der Zählung; eigene Bereitschaft zur Teilnahme an der Volkszählung, auch bei freiwilliger Teilnahme; vermutete Höhe der Nichtbeteiligung an der Volkszählung; Einstellung zur Volkszählung im Freundes- und Bekanntenkreis; Gespräche über die Volkszählung im sozialen Umfeld nach Abschluß der Erhebung und Zeitpunkt des letzten Gesprächs; Kenntnisse über die Inhalte der Volkszählungsbefragung; zusätzlich erwartete Fragen; Fragen, die ungern beantwortet wurden; Antwort- bzw. Boykottverhalten bei der Erhebung; Einstellung zu staatlichen Statistiken; Einstellung zu einer Bestrafung von Volkszählungsboykotteuren und Kenntnis von Verweigerungsfällen; vermutete Teilnahmebereitschaft der Bevölkerung sowie der Antwortehrlichkeit bei Freiwilligkeit der Teilnahme an der Volkszählung; freiwillige Weitergabe ausgewählter persönlicher Daten; Präferenz für Volkszählung oder Weitergabe von bereits vorliegenden Daten durch die Ämter; vermuteter Nutzen oder Schaden der Diskussion über die Volkszählung in den Medien und Gründe für diese Einschätzung; Einstellung zu früheren Boykottaufrufen und zum Befragungszeitpunkt; Beurteilung des Erfolgs der Boykottbewegung; Einstellung zu ausgewählten Argumenten für und gegen die Volkszählung; Nutzen einer Volkszählung; Einstellung zur Auskunftspflicht; Volkszählungsboykott als Protest gegen den Staat; Volkszählungsteilnahme als demokratische Pflicht; Selbsteinschätzung auf einem Links-Rechts-Kontinuum; vermutete Position der Bevölkerungsmehrheit auf einem Links-Rechts-Kontinuum; Demokratieverständnis und Vergleich dieses Anspruchs mit der Wirklichkeit in der Bundesrepublik; Parteipräferenz; persönlich oder von Personen des sozialen Umfelds empfundene Verletzung der Grundrechte durch Behördenmaßnahmen; Einstellung zur Technik; empfundene Unsicherheiten bei Behördenkontakten und Einstellung gegenüber Ämtern; Befürchtungen hinsicht lich einer Zweckentfremdung der persönlichen Volkszählungsdaten; Vertrauen in die Einhaltung des Datenschutzes; Einstellung zur Speicherung personenbezogener Daten; Wichtigkeit des Datenschutzes vermutete Einhaltung der Datenschutzbestimmungen; Kenntnis von Fällen des Datenmißbrauchs und Informationsquelle über solche Verstöße; vermutete Teilnahmebereitschaft an einer zukünftigen Volkszählung; Einstellung zu Meinungsumfragen (Skala); Teilnahmebereitschaft an einer Mikrozensus-Erhebung; Weitergabebereitschaft von Informationen aus der Privatsphäre an Freunde, Nachbarn, statistische Ämter und in wissenschaftlichen Umfragen; Einstellung zu ausgewählten staatlichen Statistiken; Antwortbereitschaft, um Statistiken zu ermöglichen; Angst vor Datenmißbrauch; Befürchtungen hinsichtlich einer Zweckentfremdung der persönlichen Daten durch ausgewählte Institutionen und Ämter (Skala); Einstellung zu ausgewählten illegalen Handlungen (Skala); Religiosität (Skalometer); Einstellung zu Glaubensfragen und zum Sinn des Lebens (Skala); Glaube an übersinnliche, unerklärliche Ereignisse sowie an Horoskope und Telepathie. Demographie: Geburtsmonat; Geburtsjahr; Geschlecht; Konfession; Schulbildung; Berufstätigkeit; Hochschule in Wohnortnähe; Studenten in der Wohngegend; Telefonbesitz. Interviewerrating: Anwesenheit Dritter beim Interview und Person, die die Anwesenheit erwünschte; Eingriffe Dritter in das Interview und Person, die die Intervention herbeiführte; Einstellung der beim Interview zusätzlich anwesenden Person zur Volkszählung; Anwesenheit weiterer Personen in anderen Räumen; Kooperationsbereitschaft und Zuverlässigkeit des Befragten. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Interviewdauer; Interviewdatum; Intervieweridentifikation; Interviewergeschlecht; Intervieweralter. Re-interview of the persons interviewed in the second panel wave (ZA Study No. 1589) as well as of persons interviewed in the first panel wave (ZA Study No. 1588), but not contacted in the survey of the second panel wave. Wiederbefragung der in der 2. Panel-Welle befragten Personen (ZA-Studien-Nr. 1589) sowie von Personen, die in der 1. Panel-Well interviewt wurden (ZA-Studien-Nr. 1588), bei der Befragung der 2. Panel-Welle aber nicht angetroffen wurden.

Attitude of the Federal German population and census critics to the census on 31. May 1987.

Summary of three data sets archived and described under ZA Study Nos. 1588 to 1590.

Topics: 1. From the first wave of 1987: political interest; satisfaction with democracy in the Federal Republic; feeling of political effectiveness and degree of representation by politicians and parties; orientation of government policies on special interests or public welfare; attitude to the census; intent of members of household and respondent to participate; willingness to participate after notice of threat of fine; filling out the survey form oneself or by another person in household; conversations about the census in social surroundings and time of last conversation; attitude to the census in circle of friends and acquaintances as well as their willingness to participate; importance of political attitudes in social surroundings and visibility of one´s own views; knowledge about contents of the census survey (scale); assumed difficulty in filling out survey form; preference for filling out the form in the presence of the canvasser or alone; misgivings about canvasser in residence; difficulties in carrying out official matters; frequency of contact and ability to establish contacts; trust in institutions and organizations; self-assessment on a left-right continuum; assumed position of the majority of the population on a left-right continuum; postmaterialism; sympathy scale for political parties; frequency of use of television news broadcasts as well as the local part and political part of a daily newspaper; time of last noticed media reports about the census and content tendency of these programs; assumed attitude of the population to the census; living together with a partner and his attitude to the census; assumed participation of partner in the census; response or boycott conduct in the census survey; attitude to government statistics; attitude to punishment of census boycotters and preferred governmental behavior regarding refusal; personal fears regarding misuse of personal census data; trust in observance of data protection; sympathies regarding social movements as well as personal membership; party preference; perceived fears and their causes; attitude to technology; attitude to computers and scientific innovations; attitude to government dealing with data; assessment of census refusers as system opponents; attitude to storage of personal data; importance of data protection and trust in observance of the data protection regulation; judgement on quality of data protection; earlier participation in a survey and type of survey; attitude to selected infringements and crimes as well as other illegal actions (scale); religiousness; union membership; self-assessment of social class; possession of a telephone; willingness to participate in a re-interview.

The following additional questions were posed to persons with strong or very strong political interest: demographic information on circle of close friends (ego-centered network); agreement with respondent regarding party preference and attitude to the census; willingness of friends to participate in the census; familiarity of friends among each other; personal willingness to participate in selected political forms of protest (scale); personal fears regarding misuse of personal data by selected institutions and public offices.

Demography: month of birth; year of birth; sex; marital status; number of children; ages of children (classified); frequency of church attendance; school education; vocational training; occupation; occupational position; employment; monthly net income of respondent and household altogether; number of persons contributing to household income; size of household; position of respondent in household; characteristics of head of household; number of persons eligible to vote in household; persons in household who do not have German citizenship; self-assessment of social class; union membership of respondent and other members of household; possession of a telephone.

Interviewer rating: presence of third persons during interview and person desiring this presence; intervention of others in interview and person introducing the intervention; attitude to the census of persons additionally present during interview; presence of further persons in other rooms; willingness to cooperate and reliability of respondent.

Also encoded was: length of interview; date of interview; ident...

IntroductionOpioid overdose is a major public health challenge. We aimed to understand facilitators and barriers to engagement in medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) among persons with OUD in Washington, DC.MethodsWe used a cross-sectional mixed-methods concept mapping approach to explore MOUD engagement between 2021–2022. Community members at-large generated 70 unique statements in response to the focus prompt: “What makes medication for opioid use disorder like buprenorphine (also known as Suboxone or Subutex) difficult to start or keep using?” Persons with OUD (n = 23) and service providers (n = 34) sorted and rated these statements by theme and importance. Data were analyzed with multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis, producing thematic cluster maps. Results were validated by our community advisory board.ResultsSeven themes emerged in response to the focus prompt: availability and accessibility; hopelessness and fear; unmet basic needs; characteristics of treatment programs; understanding and awareness of treatment; personal motivations, attitudes, and beliefs; and easier to use drugs. “Availability and accessibility,” “hopelessness and fear,” and “basic needs not being met” were the top three identified barriers to MOUD among consumers and providers; however, the order of these priorities differed between consumers and providers. There was a notable lack of communication and programming to address misconceptions about MOUD’s efficacy, side effects, and cost. Stigma underscored many of the statements, showcasing its continued presence in clinical and social spaces.ConclusionsThis study distinguishes itself from other research on MOUD delivery and barriers by centering on community members and their lived experiences. Findings emphasize the need to expand access to treatment, dismantle stigma associated with substance use and MOUD, and address underlying circumstances that contribute to the profound sense of hopelessness and fear among persons with OUD–all of which will require collective action from consumers, providers, and the public.

Abstract (en): The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Where Are You Afraid? questionnaire that included questions regarding the subject's fear in certain situations. It was administered to Cohorts 9, 12, and 15. Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. It was designed to advance the understanding of the developmental pathways of both positive and negative human social behaviors. In particular, the project examined the causes and pathways of juvenile delinquency, adult crime, substance abuse, and violence. At the same time, the project provided a detailed look at the environments in which these social behaviors took place by collecting substantial amounts of data about urban Chicago, including its people, institutions, and resources. Longitudinal Cohort Study One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. The age cohorts include birth (0), 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 years. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. Where Are You Afraid? The data in this collection are from Wave 2 of the Longitudinal Cohort Study, administered between 1997 and 2000. The data files contain information from the Where Are You Afraid? protocol. The Where Are You Afraid? questionnaire included questions regarding the subject's fear in certain situations. It was administered to Cohorts 9, 12, and 15. Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods The city of Chicago was selected as the research site for the PHDCN because of its extensive racial, ethnic, and social-class diversity. The project collapsed 847 census tracts in the city of Chicago into 343 neighborhood clusters (NCs) based upon seven groupings of racial/ethnic composition and three levels of socioeconomic status. The NCs were designed to be ecologically meaningful. They were composed of geographically contiguous census tracts, and geographic boundaries, and knowledge of Chicago's neighborhoods were considered in the definition of the NCs. Each NC was comprised of approximately 8,000 people. Longitudinal Cohort Study For the Longitudinal Cohort Study, a stratified probability sample of 80 neighborhoods was selected. The 80 NCs were sampled from the 21 strata (seven racial/ethnic groups by three socioeconomic levels) with the goal of representing the 21 cells as equally as possible to eliminate the confounding between racial/ethnic mix and socioeconomic status. Once the 80 NCs were chosen, then block groups were selected at random within each of the sample neighborhoods. A complete listing of dwelling units was collected for all sampled block groups. Pregnant women, children, and young adults in seven age cohorts (birth, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 years) were identified through in-person screening of approximately 40,000 dwelling units within the 80 NCs. The screening response rate was 80 percent. Children within six months of the birthday that qualified them for the sample were selected for inclusion in the Longitudinal Cohort Study. A total of 8,347 participants were identified through the screening. Of the eligible study partic...