Geographic coverage

National

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

This comprehensive dataset provides detailed population statistics for major cities across Pakistan, spanning multiple census years from 1972 to 2023. The dataset includes population figures for each city as recorded in the 1972, 1981, 1998, 2017, and 2023 censuses, along with the percentage change in population between consecutive censuses. The data is organized by city and province, offering valuable insights into urban growth trends, demographic shifts, and regional development over the past five decades.

Features

• City: Name of the city.

• Pop (2023 Census): Population as per the 2023 census, with percentage change from the 2017 census.

• Pop (2017 Census): Population as per the 2017 census, with percentage change from the 1998 census.

• Pop (1998 Census): Population as per the 1998 census, with percentage change from the 1981 census.

• Pop (1981 Census): The Population as of the 1981 census, with a percentage change from the 1972 census.

• Pop (1972 Census): Population as per the 1972 census.

• Province: The province or administrative region where the city is located.

Potential Use Cases

• Urban Planning: Analyze population growth trends to inform infrastructure development and resource allocation.

• Demographic Studies: Study the demographic changes in different regions of Pakistan over time.

• Policy Making: Support evidence-based policy decisions related to housing, education, healthcare, and transportation.

• Academic Research: Utilize the dataset for research in urban studies, sociology, and economics.

Data Source

This dataset's data was collected and compiled from the Wikipedia page titled "List of cities in Pakistan by population." The information on Wikipedia is based on publicly available census data and government records, which have been aggregated and presented in a structured format. While Wikipedia serves as a secondary source, the original data is derived from official census reports conducted by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics and other governmental bodies.

Acknowledgments We acknowledge Wikipedia for providing a consolidated and accessible source of information on city-wise population data in Pakistan. Additionally, we extend our gratitude to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics and other government agencies responsible for conducting and publishing the census data, which forms the foundation of this dataset. Their efforts in collecting and maintaining accurate demographic records have made this dataset possible.

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facilitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system. The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems. Detailed metadata will be found in ipumsi_6.3_pk_1981_ddic.html within the Data Package. The related metadata describes the content of the extraction of the specified sample from the IPUMS International on-line extraction system.

Pakistan PK: Number of Births data was reported at 4,039,876.000 Person in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,044,305.000 Person for 2049. Pakistan PK: Number of Births data is updated yearly, averaging 4,445,852.500 Person from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,216,510.000 Person in 1997 and a record low of 4,011,091.000 Person in 1981. Pakistan PK: Number of Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Explore the nuanced evolution of Pakistan's population through this comprehensive dataset. Covering annual demographics from 1951 to 2021, it delineates the urban-rural divide and gender-specific population trends. While census data anchors the counts for pivotal years like 1951, 1961, 1972, 1981, and 1998, estimated figures bridge the gaps for 1991-1997 and 1999-2015. Unravel the societal fabric with insights into the distribution shifts and gender demographics, derived from Ministry of Planning, Development, and Special Initiatives records. Ideal for examining historical patterns and projecting future trends in Pakistan's populace.

Dataset Description This dataset consists of annual position of population of Pakistan. This data is bifurcated on the basis of urban/rural and male/female population. Data is on calendar year basis.

Note: 1. Data for 1951, 1961, 1972, 1981 and 1998 is based on Census. 2. Estimated figures for period 1991-1997 and 1999-2015. 3. Population distribution of urban and rural is not available for 1951,1961, 1991-1997 and 1999-2015. Data Source Ministry of Planning, Development and Special Initiatives Data Frequency Occasionally Annual Available Since 1951 Available Upto 2021

Abstract

The Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (PIHS) was conducted jointly by the Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS), Government of Pakistan, and the World Bank. The survey was part of the Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) household surveys that have been conducted in a number of developing countries with the assistance of the World Bank. The purpose of these surveys is to provide policy makers and researchers with individual, household, and community level data needed to analyze the impact of policy initiatives on living standards of households.

The Pakistan Integrated Household Survey was carried out in 1991. This nationwide survey gathered individual and household level data using a multi-purpose household questionnaire. Topics covered included housing conditions, education, health, employment characteristics, selfemployment activities, consumption, migration, fertility, credit and savings, and household energy consumption. Community level and price data were also collected during the course of the survey.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Communities

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample for the PIHS was drawn using a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure from the Master Sample Frame developed by FBS based on the 1981 Population Census.

SAMPLE FRAME:

This sample frame covers all four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, NWFP, and Balochistan) and both urban and rural areas. Excluded, however, are the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, military restricted areas, the districts of Kohistan, Chitral and Malakand and protected areas of NWFP. According to the FBS, the population of the excluded areas amounts to about 4 percent of the total population of Pakistan. Also excluded are households which depend entirely on charity for their living.

The sample frame consists of three main domains: (a) the self-representing cities; (b) other urban areas; and (c) rural areas. These domains are further split up into a number of smaller strata based on the system used by the Government to divide the country into administrative units. The four provinces of Pakistan mentioned above are divided into 20 divisions altogether; each of these divisions in turn is then further split into several districts. The system used to divide the sample frame into the three domains and the various strata is as follows: (a) Self-representing cities: All cities with a population of 500,000 or more are classified as self-representing cities. These include Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan, Hyderabad and Peshawar. In addition to these cities, Islamabad and Quetta are also included in this group as a result of being the national and provincial capitals respectively. Each self-representing city is considered as a separate stratum, and is further sub-stratified into low, medium, and high income groups on the basis of information collected at the time of demarcation or updating of the urban area sample frame. (b) Other urban areas: All settlements with a population of 5,000 or more at the time of the 1981 Population Census are included in this group (excluding the self-representing cities mentioned above). Urban areas in each division of the four provinces are considered to be separate strata. (c) Rural areas: Villages and communities with population less than 5,000 (at the time of the Census) are classified as rural areas. Settlements within each district of the country are considered to be separate strata with the exception of Balochistan province where, as a result of the relatively sparse population of the districts, each division instead is taken to be a stratum.

Main strata of the Master Sample frame

Domain / Punjab / Sindh / NWFP / Balochistan / PAKISTAN Self-representing cities / 6 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 10 Other urban areas / 8 / 3 / 5 / 4 / 20 Rural areas / 30 / 14 / 10 / 4 / 58 Total 44 / 19 / 16 / 9 / 88

As the above table shows, the sample frame consists of 88 strata altogether. Households in each stratum of the sample frame are exclusively and exhaustively divided into PSUs. In urban areas, each city or town is divided into a number of enumeration blocks with welldefined boundaries and maps. Each enumeration block consists of about 200-250 households, and is taken to be a separate PSU. The list of enumeration blocks is updated every five years or so, with the list used for the PIHS having been modified on the basis of the Census of Establishments conducted in 1988. In rural areas, demarcation of PSUs has been done on the basis of the list of villages/mouzas/dehs published by the Population Census Organization based on the 1981 Census. Each of these villages/mouzas/dehs is taken to be a separate PSU. Altogether, the sample frame consists of approximately 18,000 urban and 43,000 rural PSUs.

SAMPLE SELECTION:

The PIHS sample comprised 4,800 households drawn from 300 PSUs throughout the country. Sample PSUs were divided equally between urban and rural areas, with at least two PSUs selected from each of the strata. Selection of PSUs from within each stratum was carried out using the probability proportional to estimated size method. In urban areas, estimates of the size of PSUs were based on the household count as found during the 1988 Census of Establishments. In rural areas, these estimates were based on the population count during the 1981 Census.

Once sample PSUs had been identified, a listing of all households residing in the PSU was made in all those PSUs where such a listing exercise had not been undertaken recently. Using systematic sampling with a random start, a short-list of 24 households was prepared for each PSU. Sixteen households from this list were selected to be interviewed from the PSU; every third household on the list was designated as a replacement household to be interviewed only if it was not possible to interview either of the two households immediately preceding it on the list.

As a result of replacing households that could not be interviewed because of non-responses, temporary absence, and other such reasons, the actual number of households interviewed during the survey - 4,794 - was very close to the planned sample size of 4,800 households. Moreover, following a pre-determined procedure for replacing households had the added advantage of minimizing any biases that may otherwise have arisen had field teams been allowed more discretion in choosing substitute households.

SAMPLE DESIGN EFFECTS:

The three-stage stratified sampling procedure outlined above has several advantages from the point of view of survey organization and implementation. Using this procedure ensures that all regions or strata deemed important are represented in the sample drawn for the survey. Picking clusters of households or PSUs in the various strata rather than directly drawing households randomly from throughout the country greatly reduces travel time and cost. Finally, selecting a fixed number of households in each PSU makes it easier to distribute the workload evenly amongst field teams. However, in using this procedure to select the sample for the survey, two important matters need to be given consideration: (a) sampling weights or raising factors have to be first calculated to get national estimates from the survey data; and (b) the standard errors for estimates obtained from the data need to be adjusted to take account for the use of this procedure.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The PIHS used three questionnaires: a household questionnaire, a community questionnaire, and a price questionnaire.

HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE:

The PIHS questionnaire comprised 17 sections, each of which covered a separate aspect of household activity. The various sections of the household questionnaire were as follows: 1. HOUSEHOLD INFORMATION 2. HOUSING 3. EDUCATION 4. HEALTH 5. WAGE EMPLOYMENT 6. FAMILY LABOR 7. ENERGY 8. MIGRATION 9. FARMING AND LIVESTOCK 10. NON-FARM ENTERPRISE ACTIVITIES 11. NON-FOOD EXPENDITURES AND INVENTORY OF DURABLE GOODS 12. FOOD EXPENSES AND HOME PRODUCTION 13. MARRIAGE AND MATERNITY HISTORY 14. ANTHROPOMETRICS 15. CREDIT AND SAVINGS 16. TRANSFERS AND REMITTANCES 17. OTHER INCOME

The household questionnaire was designed to be administered in two visits to each sample household. Apart from avoiding the problem of interviewing household members in one long stretch, scheduling two visits also allowed the teams to improve the quality of the data collected.

During the first visit to the household (Round 1), the enumerators covered sections 1 to 8, and fixed a date with the designated respondents of the household for the second visit. During the second visit (Round 2), which was normally held two weeks after the first visit, the enumerators covered the remaining portion of the questionnaire and resolved any omissions or inconsistencies that were detected during data entry of information from the first part of the survey.

Since many of the sections of the questionnaire pertained specifically to female members of the household, female interviewers were included in conducting the survey. The household questionnaire was split into two parts (Male and Female). Sections such as SECTION 3: EDUCATION, which solicited information on all individual members of the household (male as well as female) were included in both parts of the questionnaire. Other sections such as SECTION 2: HOUSING and SECTION 12: FOOD EXPENSES AND HOME PRODUCTION , which collected data at the aggregate household level, were included in either the male questionnaire or the female questionnaire, depending upon which member of the household was more likely

Pakistan PK: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data was reported at 0.670 % in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.690 % for 2049. Pakistan PK: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 1.455 % from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.610 % in 1981 and a record low of 0.670 % in 2050. Pakistan PK: Population Projection: Mid Year: Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Pakistan Religion Distribution Dataset (1901 to 2023)

Dataset Description

This dataset contains religious distribution data for Pakistan from 1901 to 2023, sourced from various census data and official reports. The dataset provides a comprehensive overview of the population breakdown by religious groups across different decades. It includes historical data on major religions such as Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Christianity, and others, along with population percentages for each group at different points in time.

The dataset spans over a century and serves as a valuable resource for understanding the demographic and religious shifts in Pakistan's population. This data can be useful for researchers, policymakers, and educators interested in the sociological and historical trends of religious communities in Pakistan.

File Information

• File Name: Pakistan_Religion_Distribution_1901_to_2023.csv
• File Format: CSV
• Columns: The file contains data for each religious group across the years 1901, 1911, 1921, 1931, 1941, 1951, 1961, 1972, 1981, 1998, 2017, and 2023.

Column Descriptors

Data Provenance

• Source: Census data from Pakistan's historical records, including census reports from 1901, 1911, 1921, 1931, 1941, 1951, 1961, 1972, 1981, 1998, 2017, and 2023.
• Collection Method: Data was compiled from official records, government publications, and historical census reports. The figures represent the religious distribution of the population across various administrative divisions, including Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, and Gilgit–Baltistan.
• Note: The 1901, 1911, 1931, and 1941 data include information for all administrative divisions that composed the region of contemporary Pakistan, while 1951 and 1961 data represent the total population of the former administrative division of West Pakistan.

Use Cases

This dataset is ideal for: - Studying demographic and religious trends in Pakistan - Researching the impact of religious distribution on social policies - Understanding historical changes in religious communities

Pakistan Population: Female data was reported at 101.310 Person mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 94.490 Person mn for 2016. Pakistan Population: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 72.750 Person mn from Jun 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 101.310 Person mn in 2017 and a record low of 53.390 Person mn in 1990. Pakistan Population: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Planning, Development & Reforms. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.G001: Population. The survey covers all of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such 1998 Population Census, including Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and military restricted areas. The population of FATA and military restricted areas constitutes about 2% of the total population. Population statistics for 1981 and1998 are from Censuses. Population Censuses were conducted in March 1981 and 1998.

The dataset contains Decade and State wise Urban, Rural, Total Population and Decadal Growth Rate

Note: 1. The Population figures exclude population of areas under unlawful occupation of Pakistan and China, where Census could not be taken. 2. In Arunachal Pradesh, the census was conducted for the first time in 1961. 3. Population data of Assam include Union Territory of Mizoram, which was carved out of Assam after the 1971. 4. The 1981 Census could not be held in Assam. Total Population for 1981 has been worked out by Interpolation. 5. The 1991 Census could not be held in Jammu & Kashmir. Total Population for 1991 has been worked out by Interpolation. 6. India and Manipur figures include estimated Population for those of the three sub-divisions viz., Mao Maram,Paomata and Purul of Senapati district of Manipur as census result of 2001 in these three sub-divisions were cancelled due to technical and administrative reasons

Pakistan PK: Life Expectancy at Birth data was reported at 76.700 Year in 2050. This records an increase from the previous number of 76.500 Year for 2049. Pakistan PK: Life Expectancy at Birth data is updated yearly, averaging 67.550 Year from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 76.700 Year in 2050 and a record low of 52.000 Year in 1981. Pakistan PK: Life Expectancy at Birth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Pakistan Population: Urban data was reported at 75.580 Person mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 77.930 Person mn for 2016. Pakistan Population: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 50.450 Person mn from Jun 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 77.930 Person mn in 2016 and a record low of 28.290 Person mn in 1994. Pakistan Population: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Planning, Development & Reforms. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.G001: Population. The survey covers all of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such 1998 Population Census, including Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and military restricted areas. The population of FATA and military restricted areas constitutes about 2% of the total population. Population statistics for 1981 and1998 are from Censuses. Population Censuses were conducted in March 1981 and 1998.

Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data was reported at 16.400 NA in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.000 NA for 2049. Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data is updated yearly, averaging 54.800 NA from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 128.900 NA in 1981 and a record low of 16.400 NA in 2050. Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Infant per 1000 Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data was reported at 19.900 NA in 2050. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20.600 NA for 2049. Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data is updated yearly, averaging 71.900 NA from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 209.700 NA in 1981 and a record low of 19.900 NA in 2050. Pakistan PK: Mortality Rate: Under 5 per 1000 Births data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Pakistan Population: Male data was reported at 106.440 Person mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 100.920 Person mn for 2016. Pakistan Population: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 78.240 Person mn from Jun 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 106.440 Person mn in 2017 and a record low of 56.320 Person mn in 1990. Pakistan Population: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Planning, Development & Reforms. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.G001: Population. The survey covers all of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such 1998 Population Census, including Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and military restricted areas. The population of FATA and military restricted areas constitutes about 2% of the total population. Population statistics for 1981 and1998 are from Censuses. Population Censuses were conducted in March 1981 and 1998.

Pakistan PK: Migration Rate: per 1000 Inhabitants: Net data was reported at 0.000 NA in 2050. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 NA for 2049. Pakistan PK: Migration Rate: per 1000 Inhabitants: Net data is updated yearly, averaging -0.450 NA from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.700 NA in 1981 and a record low of -13.500 NA in 1992. Pakistan PK: Migration Rate: per 1000 Inhabitants: Net data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.

Pakistan PK: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data was reported at 7.200 NA in 2050. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.100 NA for 2049. Pakistan PK: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data is updated yearly, averaging 6.850 NA from Jun 1981 (Median) to 2050, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.700 NA in 1981 and a record low of 6.000 NA in 2033. Pakistan PK: Crude Death Rate: per 1000 Persons data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.US Census Bureau: Demographic Projection.