In 2016, there were approximately 132,000 full-time federal law enforcement officers who were authorized to make arrests and carry firearms in the United States and its territories. This data collection comes from the Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers (CFLEO) and describes the agencies, functions, sex, and race of these officers. The data cover federal officers with arrest and firearm authority in both supervisory and non-supervisory roles employed as of September 30, 2016. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) administered the CFLEO to 86 federal agencies employing officers with arrest and firearm authority. The data do not include officers stationed in foreign countries and also exclude officers in the U.S. Armed Forces.

The BJS Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies (CSLLEA) is conducted every 4 years to provide a complete enumeration of agencies and their employees. Employment data are reported by agencies for sworn and nonsworn (civilian) personnel and, within these categories, by full-time or part-time status. The pay period that included June 30, 2018, was the reference date for personnel data. Agencies also complete a checklist of functions they regularly perform, or have primary responsibility for, within the following areas: patrol and response, criminal investigation, traffic and vehicle-related functions, detention-related functions, court-related functions, forensic services, special public safety functions (e.g., animal control), task force participation, and specialized functions (e.g., search and rescue). The CSLLEA provides national data on the number of state and local law enforcement agencies and employees for local police departments, sheriffs' offices, state law enforcement agencies, and special jurisdiction agencies. It also serves as the sampling frame for BJS surveys of law enforcement agencies.

Abstract

The Census is the official count of population and dwellings in Tonga, providing a ‘snapshot’ of the society and its most precious resource, its people, at a point in time. The official reference period of the census was midnight, the 30th of November, 2006.

The census provides a unique source of detailed demographic, social and economic data relating the entire population at a single point in time. Census information is used for policy setting and implementation, research, planning and other decision-making. The census is often the primary source of information used for the allocation of public funding, especially in areas such as health, education and social policy. The main users of this information are the government, local authorities, education facilities (such as schools and tertiary organizations), businesses, community organizations and the public in general.

The 2006 Census was taken under the authority of Section 8 of Statistical Act Chap. 53 of 1978 which empowers the Minister of Finance to make regulations necessary to conduct the population Census. This regulation was approved by the Cabinet and cited as Census Regulation 2006. The Census regulations also indicate that the Government Statistician would be responsible for the administration and completion of the Census. In addition, the regulations enabled the Statistics Department to carry out the necessary activities required to plan, manage and implement all the necessary Census activities.

Census planning and management

From a planning and management perspective, the Census had two main objectives. Firstly, it was to ensure that the process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing and disseminating of demographic, economic and social data was conducted in a timely and accurate manner. The development of procedures and processes for the 2006 Census of Population and Housing made use of the lessons learned in previous censuses, and built upon recommendations for improvements.

Secondly, it was a valuable opportunity for building the capacities of employees of the Statistics Department (SD), thus resulting in enhancing the image, credibility and reputation of the Department and at the same time, strengthening its infrastructure. Emphasis was placed on having a senior staff with a wide perspective and leadership qualities. Through the use of vision, planning, coordination, delegation of responsibility and a strong team spirit, the census work was conducted in an effective and efficient manner. Staffs at all levels were encouraged to have an innovative mindset in addressing issues. Incentives for other parties to participate, both within Statistics Department Tonga Tonga 2006 Census of Population and Housing viii and outside the government, were encouraged. As a result, the wider community including donors such as AusAID, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) in Noumea, that provided the technical assistance and the general public, were able to support the census project.

Extensive and detailed planning is needed to conduct a successful census. Areas that required planning include: enumeration procedures and fieldwork, public communication, data processing and output systems, mapping and the design of census block boundaries, dissemination procedures, content determination and questionnaire development and training. These aspects, and how they interacted with each other, played a crucial role in determining the quality of all of the census outputs. Each phase therefore required careful, methodical planning and testing. The details of such activities, and their implementation and responsibilities were assigned to 5 subcommittees composed of staff members of the SD.

Organizational structure of the Census

A census organizational structure is designed to implement a number of interrelated activities. Each of these activities was assigned to a specific sub-committee. The census manuals provided guidelines on processes, organizational structures, controls for quality assurance and problem solving. The challenge for managers was developing a work environment that enabled census personnel to perform all these tasks with a common goal in mind. Each sub-committee was responsible for its own outputs, and specific decisions for specific situations were delegated to the lowest level possible. Problem situations beyond the scope of the sub-committee were escalated to the next higher level.

The organizational structure of the census was as follows: a) The Steering Committee (consisting of the Head of both Government and nongovernment organizations), chaired by Secretary for Finance with the Government Statistician (GS) as secretary. b) The Census Committee (consisted of all sub-committee leaders plus the GS, and chaired by the Assistant Government Statistician (AGS) who was the officer in charge of all management and planning of the Census 2006 operations. c) There were five Sub-committees (each sub-committee consisted of about 5 members and were chaired by their Sub-committee leader). These committees included: Mapping, Publicity, Fieldwork, Training and Data Processing. In this way, every staff member of the SD was involved with the census operation through their participation on these committees.

The census steering committee was a high level committee that approved and endorsed the plans and activities of the census. Policy issues that needed to be addressed were submitted to the steering committee for approval prior to the census team and sub-committees designation of the activities necessary to address the tasks.

Part of the initial planning of the 2006 Census involved the establishment of a work-plan with specific time frames. This charted all activities that were to be undertaken and, their impact and dependencies on other activities. These time frames were an essential part of the overall exercise, as they provided specific guides to the progress of each area, and alerted subcommittees’ team leaders (TL) to areas where problems existed and needed to be addressed. These also provided the SD staff with a clear indication of where and how their roles impacted the overall Census process.

Monitoring of the timeframe was an essential part of the management of the Census program. Initially, weekly meetings were held which involved the GS, AGS and team leaders (TL) of the Census committee. As the Census projects progressed, the AGS and TL’s met regularly with their sub-committees to report on the progress of each area. Decisions were made on necessary actions in order to meet the designated dates. Potential risks that could negatively affect the deadlines and actions were also considered at these meetings.

For the 5 sub-committees, one of their first tasks was to verify and amend their terms of reference using the “Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats” (SWOT) analysis methodology, as it applied to past censuses. Each committee then prepared a work-plan and listed all activities for which that particular sub-committee was responsible. This listing included the assignment of a responsible person, together with the timeline indicating the start and end dates required to complete that particular activity. These work-plans, set up by all the 5 sub-committees, were then used by the AGS to develop a detailed operational plan for all phases of the census, the activities required to complete these phases, start and end dates, the person responsible and the dependencies, - all in a Ghant chart format. These combined work-plans were further discussed and amended in the Census team and reported to the Steering committee on regular basis as required.

Geographic coverage

National coverage, which includes the 5 Divisions and both Urban and Rural Areas of Tonga.

Analysis unit

Individual and Households.

Universe

All individuals in private and institutional households.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The National Population Census was a complete enumeration census, hence no sampling procedure was employed. A Mapping Sub-committee was formed to ensure complete coverage of the country.

The Mapping Sub-committee

Led by Mr. Winston Fainga'anuku, this committee's mandate was to ensure that good quality maps were produced. The objective was to ensure that the maps provided complete coverage of the country, were designed to accommodate a reasonable workload of one census enumerator and, that geographic identifiers could be used for dissemination purposes by the PopGIS system. Collaborations with the Ministry of Land, Survey and Natural Resources (MLSNR) began in 2004 to ensure that digitized maps for Tonga could be used for 2006 Census. Mr. Fainga'anuku was attached to the MLSNR in April 2005 to assist 'Atelea Kautoke, Samuela Mailau, Lilika and others to complete the task of digitizing the maps for Tonga. In addition, frequent visits by Mr. Scott Pontifex from the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) in Noumea, assisted to ensure that quality digitized maps were prepared. SPC also assisted by lending its digitizer which was used in this mapping project. The staff of the Statistics Department (SD) visited household sites throughout Tongatapu and the main outer islands. This exercise was to redesign the Census Block boundaries by amalgamating or splitting existing census blocks to achieve an average of 50 households per census block. Various updates within the census block maps were made. These included the names of the head of household; roads and other landmarks to ensure that current and accurate information was provided to the enumerators. Reliable maps, both for enumerators and supervisors are necessary ingredients to assist in avoiding any under or over - counting during

This study examined women correctional officers working in the 11 institutions for men operated by the California Department of Corrections in 1979. For Part 1, Census, researchers conducted a census of all 386 female correctional officers working in these institutions to collect demographic characteristics and baseline data. For Parts 2 (Staff) and 3 (Inmate), a survey was administered to staff and inmates asking their opinions about differences in performance between male and female correctional officers. Part 4, Profile, contains demographic and background data for the officers participating in the Part 2 survey. For Parts 5 (Female) and 6 (Male), researchers gathered job performance data for female correctional officers in 7 of the 11 institutions, as well as a matched sample of male correctional officers. Variables in Parts 1 and 4-6 include demographic information such as age, ethnicity, marital status, number of children, and educational and occupational history. Other variables measure attributes such as age, weight, and height, and record career information such as date and location of permanent assignment as a correctional officer, any breaks in service, and other criminal justice work experience. Additional variables in Parts 5 and 6 include job performance measures, such as ratings on skills, knowledge, work habits, learning ability, overall work habits, quality and quantity of work, and commendations. Parts 2 and 3 present information on staff and inmate evaluations of male and female correctional officers performing specific roles, such as control work officer, yard officer, or security squad officer. Additional variables include opinions on how well male and female officers handled emergency situations, maintained control under stress, and used firearms when necessary. Questions were also asked about whether inmates' or officers' safety was endangered with female officers, whether women should be hired as correctional officers, and whether female officers were gaining acceptance in correctional facilities.

Abstract

The objectives of the census are to count all the people in the country and to provide the Government with their number in each Local Government Area and District, by age, sex and several other characteristics. These figures are required for various aspects of economic and development planning. The ultimate aim of such planning is to provide a better way of life for the people of The Gambia, and to conquer what have been called the Five Giants: Disease, Ignorance, Squalor, Idleness and Want. For effective direction of the census field operations, a Divisional Census Office in each Local Government Area Headquarters was opened. Each of these Divisional Offices was headed by a Divisional Census Officer (D.C.O). The D.C.O. with the assistance of field staff had overall responsibility for implementing the census field programme in his/her jurisdiction as laid down by the Census Commissioner in Banjul.

A population census is defined as the total process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analysing and publishing or otherwise disseminating demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a specified time, to all persons in a country or in a well-delimited part of the country. A housing census is the total process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analysing and publishing or otherwise disseminating statistical data pertaining at a specified time, to all living quarters and occupants thereof in a country or in a well-delimited part of a country. The 1993 Population and Housing Census of The Gambia was in accordance with these definitions. Further, it contained all the essential features of a census, namely individual enumeration, universality within the country and simultaneity.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals

Universe

The census covered everybody that is usual members and visitors present on census night and also the floating population e.g out-door sleepers and transients.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

• Form A: Household Questionnaire with four parts. This was the main questionnaire designed to ascertain the number of persons present on census night in household and also collect demographic, social and economic data of every such person enumerated. information on housing conditions was also included in this.

• Form B: Group Quarters Questionnaire. This questionnaire was used to collect census data pertaining to inmates of institutions like hospitals, hostels, prisons etc. as well as the floating population which included outdoor sleepers, those in hotels, rest houses etc. on census night.

• Form C: Building and Compound particulars. This questionnaire was filled in for all buildings and compounds in the country. It was canvassed by enumerator in the first round, after house numbering so as to get an inventory of compounds and buildings which was a necessary pre-requisite for conducting the census. As this questionnaire formed part of the Housing Census, information on construction materials and use of each building was also included in it.

• Form G a special Graduate and Diploma Holder Card was distributed so as to be filled in by the respondents who are Graduates and Diploma Holders

Cleaning operations

Editing, Coding and Verification: The editing and coding manuals were prepared by the GBOS staff and trained the coders and the editors to assign a numeric codes to the questionnaires entries from the field and also to do consistancy check.

Data Entry, Cleaning and Processing: The data was keyed into the computers by the able Data Entry Clerks using IMPS (Intergrated Microcomputer Processing System) software. Data Cleaning started during Data Entry (verification of 100 percent) structure checks, range checks and the validation on variables. Logic control and concor edit checks.

Abstract

The key objective of every census is to count every person (man, woman, child) resident in the country on census night, and also collect information on assorted demographic (sex, age, marital status, citizenship) and socio-economic (education/qualifications; labour force and economic activity) information, as well as data pertinent to household and housing characteristics. This count provides a complete picture of the population make-up in each village and town, of each island and region, thus allowing for an assessment of demographic change over time.

With Vanuatu, as many of her Pacific island neighbours increasingly embracing a culture of informed, or evidence-based policy development and decision-making, national census databases, and the possibility to extract complex cross-tabulations as well as a host of important sub-regional and small-area relevant information, are essential to feed a growing demand for data and information in both public and private sectors.

Educational, health and manpower planning, for example, including assessments of future demands for staffing, facilities, and programmed budgets, would not be possible without periodic censuses, and Government efforts to monitor development progress, such as in the context of its Millennium Development Goal (MDG) commitments, would also suffer greatly, if not be outright impossible, without reliable data provided by regular national population counts and updates.

While regular national-level surveys, such as Household Income and Expenditure Surveys, Labour force surveys, agriculture surveys and demographic and health surveys - to name but just a few - provide important data and information across specific sectors, these surveys could not be sustained or managed without a national sampling frame (which a census data provides). And the calculation and measurement of all population-based development indicators, such as most MDG indicators, would not be possible without up-to-date population statistics, which usually come from a census or from projections and estimates that are based on census data.

With most of this information now already 9 years old (and thus quite outdated), and in the absence of reliable population-register type databases, such as those provided from well-functional civil registration (births and deaths) and migration-recording systems, the 2009 Vanuatu census of population and housing, will provide much needed demographic, social and economic statistics that are essential for policy development, national development planning, and the regular monitoring of development progress.

Apart from achieving its general aims and objectives in delivering updated population, social and economic statistics, the 2009 census also represented a major national capacity building exercise, with most Vanuatu National Statistics Office (VNSO) staff who were involved with the census, having no prior census experience. Having been carefully planned and resourced, all 2009 census activities have potentially provided very useful (and desired) on-the-job-training for VNSO staff, right across the spectrum of professional rank and responsibilities. It also provided for short-term overseas training and professional attachments (at SPC or ABS, or elsewhere) for a limited number of professional staff, who subsequently mentored other staff in the Vanuatu National Statistics Office (VNSO).

With some key senior VNSO members involved with the 1999 census, they provided a wealth of experience that was available in-house and not to mention the ongoing surveys such HIES and Agriculture Census that the office has conducted before the census proper. The VNSO has also professional officers who have qualified in the fields of Population and Demography who had manned the project, and with this type of resources, we managed to conduct yet another successful project of the 2009 census.

While some short-term census advisory missions were fielded from SPC Demography/ Population programme staff, standard SPC technical assistance policy arrangements could not cater for long-term, or repeated in-country assignments. However, other relevant donors were invited for the longer-term attachments of TA expertise to the VNSO.

Geographic coverage

The 2009 Population and Housing Census Geographical Coverage included:

• National (Vanuatu)
• Provinces (Torba, Sanma, Penama, Malampa, Shefa, tafea)
• Inhabited Islands (From Hiu, Torres Islands to Aneityum, Southern Islands)
• Ennumeration Areas (EA assigned to each enumerator)
• Villages / Towns
• Household or Dwelling

Analysis unit

The Unit Analysis of the 2009 Population and Housing Census included: - Household - Person (Population)

Universe

The census covered all households and individuals throguhout Vanuatu

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire basically has 5 sections; the geographical identifiers, the general population questions and education, labour force questions, the women and fertility questions and the housing questions.The geographical identifiers include the Village name, GPS code, EA number, household number and the Enumerator ID.The Person questions contain the person demographics including the education level and labour force status. A section on fertility for women in the reproductive age is also included. All have been guided by 'skip patterns' to guide the flow of questions asked.Household questions contained the basic description of the house materials, tenure, access to water and sanitation, energy, durables, use of treated mosquito nest and internet access.

Cleaning operations

In the Census proper, the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system (ReadSoft Application System) was used to capture information from the completed forms. The captured data were then exported to MS Access database system for further editing and cleaning before the final data is transferred to CSPro for more editing and quality checks before the data was finalised. All system files and data files were stored in the server under 2009PopCensus folder. Three temporary data operators were hired to do the job, under the supervision of Rara Soro, the system analyst for VNSO. No data was stored in work stations, because all data were directly written to the DATA folder in the server.

Range checks and basic checks (online edits) were built in the manual data entry system, while the complex edits were written in a separate batch edit program. If the system encounter and error during data entry, an error message will be displayed and the data operator cannot proceed unless the error displayed is fixed. e.g Males + Females = Total Persons. Please re-enter. It was strongly recommended to the data operators not to make up answers but consult the supervisor if he/she cannot fix it. Listed below are the checks that were built into the data entry system.

01 Person 1 must be the head of household 02 Sex against relationship 03 Age against date of birth 04 Marital status - Married people should be age 15+ 05 Spouse should be married 06 P9, P10, P11 against village enumerated 07 Never been to school but can use internet - Is this possible 08 Check for multiple head or spouse in the household 09 Husband and wife of same sex 10 Total persons match total people in personal form 11 Total children born and live in household (F2a) against total persons total 12 Age difference of head and child is less than 13 13 Total children born (F4) against total alive(F2) + total died(F3)

A separate batch edit program was developed for further data cleaning. All online edits were also re-written in this program to make sure that all errors flagged out during data entry were fixed. Some of the errors detected are not really errors, but still requires double checking, and if the answer recorded is the correct answer, don't change it. The batch edit was performed on each batch, and also on the concatenated batch. Below is the summary list of errors generated from manual data entry data before batch editing.

MDE Error message summary
Age does not match date of birth 272 Total children born and living in household (F2a) > total in 1
Attend school full-time in P12 but also working 16
Too young for highest education recorded 14
Highest education completed does not match with grade currently attending 80

Age had the highest errors rate, and this is due to an error in the logic statement, otherwise all ages that do not match their date of birth are corrected during data entry.

The Data capturing (Scanning) and Editing process took about 6 months to be completed but then more checks were made after that to finalise the dataset before publishing the results.

During re-coding of zero's and blanks, a couple of batch edit statement written in the batch edit program were wrong, and it created errors in the scanned data. The batch edit was suppose to recode only those people that didn't answer questions P19, P23 - P25, but instead it recoded valid codes as well to blanks. This was only picked up when tables were generated and numbers were found to be so much different in manual data entry and scanned data. Another batch edit program was developed to recode and fix this problem.

Data appraisal

Household characteristics and basic demographic variables for the census data was used in comparision with the 1999 census data to determine the accuracy of the pilot data. Some of the key indicators used for comparision are the household size, sex ratio, educational attainment, employment status. A pyramid was also used

Census Year 1940 Census Tracts. The dataset contains polygons representing CY 1940 census tracts, created as part of the D.C. Geographic Information System (DC GIS) for the D.C. Office of the Chief Technology Officer (OCTO) and participating D.C. government agencies. Census tracts were identified from maps provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and the D.C. Office of Planning. The tract polygons were created by selecting street arcs from the WGIS planimetric street centerlines. Where necessary, polygons were also heads-up digitized from 1995/1999 orthophotographs.

The purpose of the Project on Policing Neighborhoods (POPN) was to provide an in-depth description of how the police and the community interact with each other in a community policing (CP) environment. Research was conducted in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1996 and in St. Petersburg, Florida, in 1997. Several research methods were employed: systematic observation of patrol officers (Parts 1-4) and patrol supervisors (Parts 5-14), in-person interviews with patrol officers (Part 15) and supervisors (Parts 16-17), and telephone surveys of residents in selected neighborhoods (Part 18). Field researchers accompanied their assigned patrol or supervising officer during all activities and encounters with the public during the shift. Field researchers noted when various activities and encounters with the public occurred during these "ride-alongs," who was involved, and what happened. In the resulting data files coded observation data are provided at the ride level, the activity level (actions that did not involve interactions with citizens), the encounter level (events in which officers interacted with citizens), and the citizen level. In addition to encounters with citizens, supervisors also engaged in encounters with patrol officers. Patrol officers and patrol supervisors in both Indianapolis and St. Petersburg were interviewed one-on-one in a private interviewing room during their regular work shifts. Citizens in the POPN study beats were randomly selected for telephone surveys to determine their views about problems in their neighborhoods and other community issues. Administrative records were used to create site identification data (Part 19) and data on staffing (Part 20). This data collection also includes data compiled from census records, aggregated to the beat level for each site (Part 21). Census data were also used to produce district populations for both sites (Part 22). Citizen data were aggregated to the encounter level to produce counts of various citizen role categories and characteristics and characteristics of the encounter between the patrol officer and citizens in the various encounters (Part 23). Ride-level data (Parts 1, 5, and 10) contain information about characteristics of the ride, including start and end times, officer identification, type of unit, and beat assignment. Activity data (Parts 2, 6, and 11) include type of activity, where and when the activity took place, who was present, and how the officer was notified. Encounter data (Parts 3, 7, and 12) contain descriptive information on encounters similar to the activity data (i.e., location, initiation of encounter). Citizen data (Parts 4, 8, and 13) provide citizen characteristics, citizen behavior, and police behavior toward citizens. Similarly, officer data from the supervisor observations (Parts 9 and 14) include characteristics of the supervising officer and the nature of the interaction between the officers. Both the patrol officer and supervisor interview data (Parts 15-17) include the officers' demographics, training and knowledge, experience, perceptions of their beats and organizational environment, and beliefs about the police role. The patrol officer data also provide the officers' perceptions of their supervisors while the supervisor data describe supervisors' perceptions of their subordinates, as well as their views about their roles, power, and priorities as supervisors. Data from surveyed citizens (Part 18) provide information about their neighborhoods, including years in the neighborhood, distance to various places in the neighborhood, neighborhood problems and effectiveness of police response to those problems, citizen knowledge of, or interactions with, the police, satisfaction with police services, and friends and relatives in the neighborhood. Citizen demographics and geographic and weight variables are also included. Site identification variables (Part 19) include ride and encounter numbers, site beat (site, district, and beat or community policing areas [CPA]), and sector. Staffing variables (Part 20) include district, shift, and staffing levels for various shifts. Census data (Part 21) include neighborhood, index of socioeconomic distress, total population, and total white population. District population variables (Part 22) include district and population of district. The aggregated citizen data (Part 23) provide the ride and encounter numbers, number of citizens in the encounter, counts of citizens by their various roles, and by sex, age, race, wealth, if known by the police, under the influence of alcohol or drugs, physically injured, had a weapon, or assaulted the police, counts by type of encounter, and counts of police and citizen actions during the encounter.

Abstract

The census counts all persons present in the Cook Islands on census night, including visitors temporarily in the country. Cook Islanders who were abroad permanently or are temporarily on vacation abroad are excluded.

The Census provides a unique source of detailed demographic, social and economic data relating to the entire population at a single point in time. The most fundamental questions it will answer concern the size and distribution of the entire population, the extent to which men and women participate in the economy, and the nature of housing and household facilities.

Our country is constantly changing and information collected will allow policy planners to measure the developments of our society and to make decisions about future needs of our communities. Emphasis for the CPD is on renewable energy. Government has set itself policy goals that by 2015, 50 percent of Cook Islands electricity demand will be provided by renewable energy and 100 percent in 2020. Culture has also been identified as a priority of Government.

Taking account of the many comments, evaluations and recommendations arising from the 2006 Census, the design of the 2011 Census was based on a number of key strategic aims: 1. to give the highest priority to getting the national and local population counts right 2. to maximise overall response and minimise differences in response rates in specific areas and among particular population sub-groups 3. to build effective partnerships with other organisations, particularly local authorities, in planning and executing the field operation 4. to provide high quality, value-for-money, fit-for-purpose statistics that meet user needs

The overall organisation and control of the census, by virtue of Section 20 of the Statistics Act 1966, is vested upon the Government Statistician who, for the purpose of the census will be referred to as the Census Officer. A number of sections of the Act apply in carrying out the census. These include the "confidentiality" clause, which provides against the release or publication of any individual particulars and the offences and penalty clauses, which may be invoked against any persons failing to abide by the provisions of the Act.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Individuals
• Households
• Dwellings

Universe

• every occupied dwelling as at midnight on Census Night.
• each and every man, woman and child alive at midnight on Census Night within the geographical boundaries of the Cook Islands, excluding those persons on foreign vessels, yachts and aircraft flying through or stopping temporarily (transit).

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

This is a full Census, therefore no sampling was employed.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f], and Self enumerated

Research instrument

The topic content of the 2011 Census has been driven principally by the demands and requirements of users of census statistics, the evaluation of the 2006 Census, and the priorities of the Government as stated in its manifesto, and the advice and guidance of organisations with experience of similar operations. These have been determined by extensive consultations with various Ministries of government and non government organizations (NGO).

The topics proposed for the census are those that have been shown to be most needed by the major users of census information and for which questions have been devised that can be expected to produce reliable and accurate data. In each case, no other comparable and accessible source of the information is available in combination with other items in the census.

Consultation on the topic content for the 2011 Census has (as ever) resulted in a much larger demand for questions than would be possible to accommodate on a census form that households could reasonably be expected to complete. Consequently a number of difficult decisions have had to be made in assessing the different requirements for information and balancing the needs for change against continuity.

Emphasis for this Census was on Renewable Energy and Cultural Statistics. Government had set itself a policy goal that 50 percent of its electricity demands to be provided by renewable energy in 2015 and 100 percent in 2020.

In assessing which topics should be included in the census, Statistics Office has had to consider a number of factors. The criteria for evaluating the strength of users' requirements for information were that: 1. there should be a clearly demonstrated and significant need 2. the information collected was of major national importance 3. users' requirements could not adequately be met by information from other sources 4. there should be a requirement for multivariate analysis (that is the ability to cross-analyze one variable against other), and 5. there should be consideration of the ability for comparison with the 2006 Census wherever possible

A personal questionnaire is completed for every man, woman and child alive at midnight on census night within the geographical boundaries of the Cook Islands. The Census excludes those persons on foreign vessels, yachts and aircraft flying through or stopping temporarily (transit). A dwelling questionnaire is completed for every occupied dwelling as at midnight on census night.

Sampling error estimates

Not applicable.

The 2007 Census of Law Enforcement Gang Units (CLEGU) collected data from all state and local law enforcement agencies with 100 or more sworn officers and at least one officer dedicated solely to addressing gangs and gang activities. Law enforcement agencies are often the first line of response to the gang problems experienced across the country and are a critical component of most anti-gang initiatives. One way for law enforcement agencies to address gang-related problems is to form specialized gang units. The consolidation of an agency's gang enforcement activities and resources into a single unit can allow gang unit officers to develop specific expertise and technical skills related to local gang characteristics and behaviors and gang prevention and suppression. No prior studies have collected data regarding the organization and operations of law enforcement gang units nationwide, the types of gang prevention tactics employed, or the characteristics and training of gang unit officers. This CLEGU collected data on the operations, workload, policies, and procedures of gang units in large state and local law enforcement agencies in order to expand knowledge of gang prevention and enforcement tactics. The CLEGU also collected summary measures of gang activity in the agencies' jurisdictions to allow for comparison across jurisdictions with similar gang problems.

Experimental Employment, Commuting, Occupation, Income, Health Insurance, Poverty variables Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, instead of providing the standard 1-year data products, the Census Bureau released experimental estimates from the 1-year data. This includes a limited number of data tables for the nation, states, and the District of Columbia. Please visit the following webpage for details. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/experimental-data.htmlContact: District of Columbia, Office of Planning. Email: planning@dc.gov. Geography: District-wide. Current Vintage: 2020. ACS Table(s): Economic - Experimental. Data downloaded from: Census Bureau's API for American Community Survey. Date of API call: March 18, 2022. National Figures: data.census.gov. Please cite the Census and ACS when using this data. Data Note from the Census: Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. Data processed using R statistical package and ArcGIS Desktop. Margin of Error was not included in this layer but is available from the Census Bureau. Contact the Office of Planning for more information about obtaining Margin of Error values.

Census Year 1990 Tract Polygons. This dataset contains polygon features, created as part of the DC Geographic Information System (DC GIS) for the D.C. Office of the Chief Technology Officer (OCTO) and participating D.C. government agencies. 2000 census tracts are identical to 1990 census tracts, except in instances where multiple tracts were merged to form one new tract. Census tracts were identified from maps provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and the D.C. Office of Planning. The tract lines were created by selecting street arcs from the WGIS planimetric street centerlines, and, where necessary, heads-up digitized from the 1995/1999 orthophotographs. Polygons were generated using these lines.

This is the tenth census undertaken by the Statistics Office, the first being in 1971, and it has been held every five years ever since.

The census counts all persons present in the Cook Islands on the census night of the 1st December 2016, including visitors temporary in the country. Cook Islanders who are living or are temporarily on vacation abroad are excluded.

1. Organisation
   The overall organisation and control of the census, by virtue of the Statistics Act 2016, is vested upon the Government Statistician who, for the purpose of the census will be referred to as the Census Officer. A number of sections of the Act apply in carrying out the census. These include the “confidentiality” clause, which provides against the release or publication of any individual particulars and the offences and penalty clauses, which may be invoked against any persons failing to abide by the provisions of the Act.

2. Scope and Coverage The scope of the early Cook Islands censuses was limited; in fact they consisted of head counts only. With the passage of time the census has expanded. Gradually, questions on sex, age, marital status, religion, education, employment, etc., have been included. Questions on unpaid work and income earned were included for the first time in the 1996 Census. In the 2016 Census, questions on relationship to head of household was expanded to reflect household living arrangement.
   A personal questionnaire is completed for every man, woman and child alive at midnight on census night within the geographical boundaries of the Cook Islands. The Census excludes those persons on foreign vessels, yachts and aircraft flying through or stopping temporarily (transit). A dwelling questionnaire is completed for every occupied dwelling as at midnight on census night.

3. Objectives of the Census Taking account of the many comments, evaluations and recommendations arising from the 2011 Census, the design of the 2016 Census is based on a number of key strategic aims: 1) to give the highest priority to getting the national and local population counts right; 2) to maximise overall response and minimise differences in response rates in specific areas and among particular population sub-groups; 3) to build effective partnerships with other organisations, particularly local authorities, in planning and executing the field operation; 4) to provide high quality, value-for-money, statistics that meet user needs ; 5) to protect, and be seen to protect, confidential personal census information.

4. The selection of topics and questions The topic content of the 2016 Census has been driven largely by the demands and requirements of users of census statistics, the evaluation of the 2016 and 2011 Census, and the priority of government as stated in the National Strategic Development Plan of the Cook Islands (NSDP) and the advice and guidance of organizations with experience of similar operations. These have been determined by extensive consultation with various Ministries of government and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs).

v01: Master file after data cleaning and labelling. Not yet de-identified

• Household: Dwelling characteristics, water and sanitation access, energy, rubbish, agriculture and fishing, transport, household equipment.

• Individual: Individual characteristics, disability, literacy, technology, education, economic activity, income, narcotics, cultural activity, fertility.

• Collection start: 2016

• Collection end: 2016

A data layer comparing population numbers from 2010 and 2020 census data using existing County Council boundaries. Data layer was generated with the ESRI ArcGIS Pro Apportion Polygon analysis tool. The input data is the existing St. Louis County Council Districts and the U.S. Census Bureau population data from 2010 and 2020. Questions regarding this data can be directed to the St. Louis County Data Officer.

Abstract

A census gives a complete and comprehensive picture of the nation as well as groups of people living in specific areas. In what type of buildings and housing units are we living? What are the amenities and facilities that are available therein? How many rooms are there and what is the extent of overcrowding? How many people live in a given town or locality? How many children are there? How many women are there? How many are old enough to vote? What kind of jobs are we doing? What is our level of education? Do we have the required qualifications or skills to satisfy the needs of the labour market? The census helps to answer these questions and many others.

It provides up-to-date and disaggregated data on the housing conditions, the spatial distribution, and the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population. These data are essential for assessing the country's demographic, social and economic performance and for developing sound policies and programmes aimed at fostering the welfare of the country and its population.

Census data are also useful to business, industrial and commercial organisations to estimate and forecast demand for their products and services, and to assess the supply of manpower with the relevant skills to run their activities.

Furthermore, census data are used in the derivation of many important and meaningful social indicators that are needed by local and international organizations. Thus, many social indicators, as defined in the set of indicators recommended by the United Nations Statistics Division, can only be worked out from census data.

Legal framework Census 2000 was conducted according to provisions of the Statistics Act of 7 April 1951. The underlying procedures are given in Sections 5, 6 and 13 of the Act. In March 1998, the Cabinet agreed to the conduct of a housing and population census in year 2000. In June 1999, it gave its approval to the census dates and to the topics to be investigated. The regulations for the Housing Census, prescribing the particulars and information to be collected, were subsequently prepared and approved by the President in November 1999. The regulations were published as Government Notice 170 of 1999. In December 1999, the President made an order to the effect that a census of the population be taken between 19 June and 16 July 2000 in respect of all persons alive at midnight on 2 July 2000. The Order was gazetted in December 1999. The regulations for the Population Census, prescribing the particulars and information to be collected were approved by the President in April 2000 and published as Government Notice 57 of 2000.

Geographic coverage

Housing and population enumerations were conducted on the Islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues and Agalega. As regards St Brandon islands, only a count of persons spending census night on the islands was made, these islands being fishing stations with no resident population.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Housing unit

Universe

The Housing Census enumerated all buildings, housing units, households, commercial and industrial establishments, hotels and boarding houses as well as fruit trees of bearing age on residential premises.

The Population Census enumerated all persons present on census night in all households and communal establishments, as well as usual residents who were away on census night.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection

Self administered and face to face

Research instrument

Questionnaire Design Consultation with stakeholders from Government Ministries and Departments started in 1998. Heads of Government Ministries and Departments were invited via a circular letter to submit a list of demographic, social and economic data they considered essential for administration, planning and policy-making and which could be collected at the census. The proposals received were discussed at various levels. In the light of these discussions and taking into account recommendations of the United Nations Statistics Division on subject matters that can be investigated at a census, final selection of topics was made at a meeting with subject matter specialists from our parent Ministry.

The main considerations in the final selection of topics were: - the importance of the topics to the country - the cost for collecting and processing data on a given item - where it was possible by other means to obtain satisfactory information more cheaply, the topic was not selected - the suitability of topics - sensitive and controversial issues as well as questions that were too complicated or difficult for the average respondent to answer were avoided - whether the census was the appropriate method for data collection - topics that required detailed investigation or highly qualified staff were not included since they would be best canvassed by sample surveys.

Housing Census Questionnaire All topics investigated at the 1990 Census were included in the 2000 Housing Census questionnaire. Three new items were however added. These were: “Availability of domestic water tank/reservoir”, “Principal fuel used in bathroom” and “Fruit trees on premises”.

The housing census questionnaire was divided into seven parts. A list of topics and items included in the questionnaire is given below: Part I - Location Part II - Type of Building Part III - Characteristics of buildings - Storeys above ground floor
- Year of completion
- Principal material of construction used for roof and walls
Part IV - Characteristics of housing units - Ownership
- Occupancy
- Water supply
- Domestic water tank/reservoir - Availability of electricity
- Toilet facilities
- Bathing facilities
- Availability of kitchen - Refuse disposal Part V - Characteristics of households - Household type - Name and address of head of household - Number of persons by sex - Tenure - Number of rooms for living purposes - Number of rooms for business or profession - Monthly rent - Principal fuel used for cooking - Principal fuel used in bathroom Part VI - Commercial and industrial establishments, hotels and boarding houses - Name and address of establishment or working proprietor/manager - Main activity in which the establishment is engaged - Number of persons engaged at the time of enumeration Part VII - Fruit-trees on premises - Number of fruit trees of bearing age by type

Population Census Questionnaire The 2000 Population Census questionnaire covered most of the topics investigated at the 1990 Population Census. A question on income was added while the questions on education were reviewed to include qualifications, other than those of the primary and secondary levels, of the respondent. The topic, main activity status of person during the year, which was investigated at the previous census was not included.

Topics and items included in the population census questionnaire are given below: (i) Location (ii) Names of persons These information were asked only to ensure that all members of the household were enumerated. Also, the listing of names of each person facilitated the checking for accuracy and completeness of each entry at the time of enumeration and later, if errors or missing information still persisted on the form. It should be pointed out that names were not captured at the data entry stage, so that data collected could not be identified with any individual person, in line with the requirements of the Statistics Act. (iii) Demographic and social characteristics - Relationship to head (only one head is allowed for each household) - Sex - Age - Date of birth (This question served as a verification to the age reported earlier) - Citizenship - Marital Status - Religion - Linguistic group - Language usually spoken (iv) Whether disabled or not - Type of disability, if disabled (v) Migration characteristics - Whereabouts on Census night - Usual address - Usual address five years ago (vi) Fertility - For persons not single: - Age at first marriage - Whether married more than once - Number of children ever born (for women only) (vii) Education characteristics - For persons 2 years and above: - Languages read and written - School attendance - Primary and secondary education (viii) Current economic characteristics (ix) Income

Census Guide and Instructions A census guide and instructions booklet was prepared and distributed to all heads of households. The booklet contained extensive explanations on how to fill in the census form and answered questions that people usually asked about censuses. Thus the objectives of the census, what happened to the census forms once the enumeration was over, the confidential aspect of collected information as well as the usefulness of each item were explained.

Printing of Census Questionnaires and Guides
The census questionnaires, and the census guide and instructions booklets were printed by the Government Printer. The numbers printed were as follows: (i) Housing Census questionnaires - 16,000 booklets of 25 questionnaires (ii) Population Census questionnaires - 375,000 (iii) Census guide and instructions booklets - 312,000

Cleaning operations

Recruitment and Training of Editors and Coders About 15 clerical officers who were previously engaged in the various units of the Office and 10 newly recruited statistical officers were called on to the editing and coding of the census forms while a request for the services of 50 additional clerical officers was made to the Ministry for Civil Service Affairs and Administrative Reform. Between March 2000 and May 2001, small groups of clerical officers from the ministry joined the

2002 Wards. The dataset contains polygons representing boundaries of District of Columbia 2000 election wards, created as part of the DC Geographic Information System (DC GIS) for the D.C. Office of the Chief Technology Officer (OCTO) and participating D.C. government agencies. These political jurisdictions were identified from public records, including published maps and written legal descriptions and heads-up digitized from the 1995 orthophotographs, and updates from 2002. All DC GIS data is stored and exported in Maryland State Plane coordinates NAD 83 meters.

Abstract

The 2009 Census falls within the 2010 Round of Pacific Census, ten years after the 1999 census.

The results of the 2009 census will be required to:

a. help produce high-quality information for planning, decision-making, and monitoring of development progress in Solomon Islands. This implies very heavy data requirements and these requirements are continuously increasing, particularly towards development planning, implementation monitoring and evaluation of Government policies outlined in NERDEP and the current Medium Term Development Strategies.

b. The data from the Census will also be used for monitoring the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG's) and other goals included in the International Conference for Population & Development (ICPD).

c. check whether the population policies, which were put in place after the 1986 census on the basis of 1976-86 population trends and then as reviewed in the early 2000s in respect of the 1999 population trends, proved effective, and

d. Establish a new benchmark and a new set of post-1999 population trends on which to base a reconsideration of existing (population) policies in the framework of sustained and sustainable development.

e. Also, the results of this census will help facilitate updating of constituencies in preparation to the 2010 national election of Solomon Islands.

f. Further to these, the results of the census will provide a sample Frame from which further household capability surveys which include a household income expenditure in 2010/2011, a second demographic and health survey (DHS) 2011/2012 and a Labour Force Survey before the next census can be undertaken.

g. The 2009 census will also provide the much needed village level data on population, resources and infrastructure for government's bottom-up approach development policy initiative.

Accepting the notion that a new census is required and that a number of overseas aid organisations will be able to support the government on an undertaking similar to the 1999 census, the following points are considered in more detail in this project proposal.

It is recommended that the present census interval should not exceed ten years and that the same month should be selected in 2009, for the period of enumeration as in 1999, mainly to ensure that seasonal factors would not reduce the comparability of the information provided by the two censuses. As a result of this recommendation, 22nd November 2009 is therefore proposed as the new census date. This date will be formally announced by the Prime Minister in line with the Census Act.

For making current administrative decisions and prepare longer term socio-economic development policies governments and private organisations need reliable up-to-date knowledge about available natural and human resources. In a country like Solomon Islands one of the most important statistical systems for obtaining the required socio-economic information is the population census. This does not only provide a numerical description of the population at a given census date - through comparison with previous census results - but also of the ongoing trends in a sustained and sustainable development of certain population characteristics such as changes in population growth, age composition, direction of mobility and levels of urbanisation, economic activities and educational status. Such knowledge may allow the development planner to devise policies that will stem the flow of trends considered not in line with development aims. Alternatively, trends considered fitting can be identified and fostered by the introduction of appropriate policies. The success thereof can then be assessed when a next census is held some ten years later.

Geographic coverage

The 2009 Population and Housing Census Covers 100% of geography as in Urban and Rural Areas for the Entire Country :

The Solomon Islands as a whole by:

• 10 Provinces
• Constituencies
• Wards
• Enumeration Areas
• Household Level

Analysis unit

1. Population ( Urban and Rural )
2. Household ( Urban and Rural )
3. Provincial records
4. National Records
5. Geography

Universe

The National Population and Housing Census 2009,covers the entire Population,the ones in the Hotels,Motels,Ships which was collected when all ship arrived at wharf during the Census times. It covers all overseas people living in and aorund Solomon Islands,Urban and Rural,excluded the Diplomats. In overroll:- This is any individual member of the household or institution who is present on the census night and is therefore counted in the census. This includes every young and old, male of female, expatriates or residents, tourist and locals alike.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Census - Not applicable for complete enumeration survey

This section only apply for Sample Surveys.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

1. QUESTIONNAIRE AND SCANNING

The need to set up the questionnaire in terms of suitability for local printing have done, using a software package called in-design, or whatever is most appropriate, which will then allow “optimisation ” for scanning with check boxes, drop-out colours (colours which are then filtered out by the scanner) etc. It is important that the questions are laid out correctly to make sure the results of the scan are possible and legible and eligible or recorded. Prior to the pilot census, the questionnaire needs to be finalised and come up with something everyone is happy with, finalise it and then make sure it works (if questions/formatting needs amendments as a result of the pilot, such changes will of course be done).

The questionnaire was finalised and a reliable printer to print the questionnaires was sought in advance through the tender bidding process. There are a whole series of things the Census office need to check here to make sure that the job gets done to a sufficient standard and that the scanning works well (good quality machines, paper, ink, air conditioned operating environment etc). There was no printing company in Honiara who can do this thus the printing done in Australia

In addition the questionnaire develop and were all in English language as people normally understand the english reading than the Solomons pidgin.The quetionnaire was design in Adobe Illustrator as to make sure the lines and writtings all well linned and parallel to what had written.Hence the census form have to have the right color which the scannning has to read and can easily collect the characters and values. As such the census forms had been well protected while in field and properly manage in a way which the forms will not distroyed easily by rain or sea. Hence,the census questionnaire covers Households and Housing.All Persons and GPS,more detailed in Scope section.

Cleaning operations

Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including:

a) After Scanning data exported to CSPro4.0 edited done by data proccessing officer. b) Secondly the Data proccessing officer pass the data to Data verifiers c) Structure checking and completeness by verifiers in terms of wrong written numbers and spellings

d) Batch editing: - Variables out of range - Fertility Questions - Coding and Value sets - Editing of Variables..eg.age,date of birth and etc.

Detailed documentation of the editing of data can be found in the "Data processing guidelines" document provided as an external resource.

Sampling error estimates

Not apply for Census

Data appraisal

The 2009 Census data was involved people from SPC and SINSO for checking and assisting in terms of cleaning,and verifying.After Census dataset cleaned on 19/09/2011,Census dataset has checked my running tabulation on Male and female by villages,and checking Villages were all coded and no village coded with zero "0".mean makesure all villages has values and makesure the villages with same name coded with unique code where they located by their on provinces.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: No - Vacant units: No - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes - Special populations: No

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Buildings or any constructed structures including boat, houseboat, or truck in which a person can live. - Households: A household refers to one person or many persons who live in the same house or the same constructed structure. They seek for, consume, and utilize all facilities together for their benefit, regardless of whether they are related or not. - Group quarters: Households that consist of several people living together because of certain rules or regulations indicating that those people must live together or need to stay together for their own benefits. These includes institutions and other collective households.

Universe

All Thai nationals residing in Thailand on the census date; foreign civilians who normally reside in Thailand or who temporarily reside in Thailand 3 months or more before the census date; any individual who has normally resided in Thailand but was away for military training, sailing, or temporarily travelling abroad; and Thai civil/military/diplomatic officers and their families who normally have their offices in foreign countries.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: National Statistical Office

SAMPLE DESIGN: The sample was enumerated with the Long Form questionnaires, and was selected with different sampling fractions from 9 strata. The strata are municipal and non-municipal areas in the four major regions(Central, North, Northeastern, South) with Bangkok as a separate regions. The sample was selected in a two-stage process. In the first stage, enumeration districts (EDs) were selected within each of the 9 strata. For Bangkok and other municipal areas, 40% of all EDs were selected. For non-municipal areas, 20% of EDs were selected. In the second stage, households were selected within EDs with different selection rules for private and collective households. For private households, 25% of households in Bangkok and non-municipal areas were selected, while 5% of households in other municipal areas were selected. For collective households, a 5% sample is selected across all strata.

SAMPLE UNIT: Household

SAMPLE FRACTION: 1%

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 485,100

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The population was enumerated with Form 2. There are two types of Form 2: (i) the Short Form which is used to collect information on 10 population questions and 3 housing questions; and (ii) the Long Form which contains 26 population questions and 16 housing questions. Part 1 of the Long Form identifies the household; Part 2 contains population questions; and Part 3 contains housing questions which are asked only of private households. One-fifth of the households and population in Bangkok and non-municipal areas were enumerated with the long-form while all households and population in the other municipal areas were enumerated with the long-form.

From 2011 to 2013, a total of 664 state and local law enforcement academies provided basic training to entry-level officer recruits in the United States. During this period, more than 135,000 recruits (45,000 per year) entered a basic training program, and 86 percent completed the program successfully. This completion rate was the same as was observed for the 57,000 recruits who entered training programs in 2005. This data collection describes basic training programs for new recruits based on their content, instructors, and teaching methods. It also describes the recruits' demographics, completion rates, and reasons for failure. The data describing recruits cover those entering basic training programs from 2011 to 2013. The data describing academies are based on 2013, the latest year referenced in the survey. Like prior BJS studies conducted in 2002 and 2006, the 2013 CLETA collected data from all state and local academies that provided basic law enforcement training. Academies that provided only in-service, corrections and detention, or other specialized training were excluded. Federal training academies were also excluded. Any on-the-job training received by recruits subsequent to their academy training is not covered.

This dataset contains polygons that represent the boundaries of statistical neighborhoods as defined by the DC Department of Health (DC Health). DC Health delineates statistical neighborhoods to facilitate small-area analyses and visualization of health, economic, social, and other indicators to display and uncover disparate outcomes among populations across the city. The neighborhoods are also used to determine eligibility for some health services programs and support research by various entities within and outside of government. DC Health Planning Neighborhood boundaries follow census tract 2010 lines defined by the US Census Bureau. Each neighborhood is a group of between one and seven different, contiguous census tracts. This allows for easier comparison to Census data and calculation of rates per population (including estimates from the American Community Survey and Annual Population Estimates). These do not reflect precise neighborhood locations and do not necessarily include all commonly-used neighborhood designations. There is no formal set of standards that describes which neighborhoods are included in this dataset. Note that the District of Columbia does not have official neighborhood boundaries. Origin of boundaries: each neighborhood is a group of between one and seven different, contiguous census tracts. They were originally determined in 2015 as part of an analytical research project with technical assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Council for State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) to define small area estimates of life expectancy. Census tracts were grouped roughly following the Office of Planning Neighborhood Cluster boundaries, where possible, and were made just large enough to achieve standard errors of less than 2 for each neighborhood's calculation of life expectancy. The resulting neighborhoods were used in the DC Health Equity Report (2018) with updated names. HPNs were modified slightly in 2019, incorporating one census tract that was consistently suppressed due to low numbers into a neighboring HPN (Lincoln Park incorporated into Capitol Hill). Demographic information were analyzed to identify the bordering group with the most similarities to the single census tract. A second change split a neighborhood (GWU/National Mall) into two to facilitate separate analysis.