The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index dropped around ***** points in the four weeks from February 12 to March 11, 2020, but has since recovered and peaked at ********* points as of November 24, 2024. In February 2020 - just prior to the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the DJIA index stood at a little over ****** points. U.S. markets suffer as virus spreads The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a turbulent period for stock markets – the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite also recorded dramatic drops. At the start of February, some analysts remained optimistic that the outbreak would ease. However, the increased spread of the virus started to hit investor confidence, prompting a record plunge in the stock markets. The Dow dropped by more than ***** points in the week from February 21 to February 28, which was a fall of **** percent – its worst percentage loss in a week since October 2008. Stock markets offer valuable economic insights The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a stock market index that monitors the share prices of the 30 largest companies in the United States. By studying the performance of the listed companies, analysts can gauge the strength of the domestic economy. If investors are confident in a company’s future, they will buy its stocks. The uncertainty of the coronavirus sparked fears of an economic crisis, and many traders decided that investment during the pandemic was too risky.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

The value of the DJIA index amounted to ****** at the end of June 2025, up from ********* at the end of March 2020. Global panic about the coronavirus epidemic caused the drop in March 2020, which was the worst drop since the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008. Dow Jones Industrial Average index – additional information The Dow Jones Industrial Average index is a price-weighted average of 30 of the largest American publicly traded companies on New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, and includes companies like Goldman Sachs, IBM and Walt Disney. This index is considered to be a barometer of the state of the American economy. DJIA index was created in 1986 by Charles Dow. Along with the NASDAQ 100 and S&P 500 indices, it is amongst the most well-known and used stock indexes in the world. The year that the 2018 financial crisis unfolded was one of the worst years of the Dow. It was also in 2008 that some of the largest ever recorded losses of the Dow Jones Index based on single-day points were registered. On September 29, 2008, for instance, the Dow had a loss of ****** points, one of the largest single-day losses of all times. The best years in the history of the index still are 1915, when the index value increased by ***** percent in one year, and 1933, year when the index registered a growth of ***** percent.

Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest investment bank on Wall Street, declared bankruptcy on the 15th of September 2008, becoming the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. The investment house, which was founded in the mid-19th century, had become heavily involved in the U.S. housing bubble in the early 2000s, with its large holdings of toxic mortgage-backed securities (MBS) ultimately causing the bank's downfall. The bank had expanded rapidly following the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act in 1999, which meant that investment banks could also engage in commercial banking activities. Lehman vertically integrated their mortgage business, buying smaller commercial enterprises that originated housing loans, which allowed the bank to expand its MBS holdings. The downfall of Lehman and the crash of '08 As the U.S. housing market began to slow down in 2006, the default rate on housing loans began to spike, triggering losses for Lehman from their MBS portfolio. Lehman's main competitor in mortgage financing, Bear Stearns, was bought by J.P. Morgan Chase in order to prevent bankruptcy in March 2008, leading investors and lenders to become increasingly concerned about the bank's financial health. As the bank relied on short-term funding on money markets in order to meet its obligations, the news of its huge losses in the third-quarter of 2008 further prevented it from funding itself on financial markets. By September, it was clear that without external assistance, the bank would fail. As its losses from credit default swaps mounted due to the deepening crash in the housing market, Lehman was forced to declare bankruptcy on September 15, as no buyer could be found to save the bank. The collapse of Lehman triggered panic in global financial markets, forcing the U.S. government to step in and bail-out the insurance giant AIG the next day on September 16. The effects of this financial crisis hit the non-financial economy hard, causing a global recession in 2009.

The USA: Stock market value traded, percent of GDP: The latest value from 2024 is 145.97 percent, an increase from 134.42 percent in 2023. In comparison, the world average is 30.95 percent, based on data from 68 countries. Historically, the average for the USA from 1975 to 2024 is 127.73 percent. The minimum value, 7.97 percent, was reached in 1977 while the maximum of 319.88 percent was recorded in 2008.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is a stock market index used to analyze trends in the stock market. While many economists prefer to use other, market-weighted indices (the DJIA is price-weighted) as they are perceived to be more representative of the overall market, the Dow Jones remains one of the most commonly-used indices today, and its longevity allows for historical events and long-term trends to be analyzed over extended periods of time. Average changes in yearly closing prices, for example, shows how markets developed year on year. Figures were more sporadic in early years, but the impact of major events can be observed throughout. For example, the occasions where a decrease of more than 25 percent was observed each coincided with a major recession; these include the Post-WWI Recession in 1920, the Great Depression in 1929, the Recession of 1937-38, the 1973-75 Recession, and the Great Recession in 2008.

Colombia's main stock market index, the COLCAP, rose to 2081 points on December 1, 2025, gaining 0.39% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.80% and is up 48.82% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Colombia. Colombia Stock Market (IGBC) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Capitalization to GDP for United States (DDDM01USA156NWDB) from 1975 to 2020 about market cap, stock market, capital, GDP, and USA.

This table contains 25 series, with data for years 1956 - present (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Toronto Stock Exchange Statistics (25 items: Standard and Poor's/Toronto Stock Exchange Composite Index; high; Standard and Poor's/Toronto Stock Exchange Composite Index; close; Toronto Stock Exchange; oil and gas; closing quotations; Standard and Poor's/Toronto Stock Exchange Composite Index; low ...).

The United Kingdom: Stock market capitalization w/o top 10 firms, percent of total market cap: The latest value from 2018 is 70.62 percent, an increase from 69.05 percent in 2012. In comparison, the world average is 44.15 percent, based on data from 41 countries. Historically, the average for the United Kingdom from 1998 to 2018 is 61.68 percent. The minimum value, 53.72 percent, was reached in 2008 while the maximum of 70.62 percent was recorded in 2018.

Graph and download economic data for CBOE Volatility Index: VIX (VIXCLS) from 1990-01-02 to 2025-12-01 about VIX, volatility, stock market, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Capitalization to GDP for Viet Nam (DDDM01VNA156NWDB) from 2008 to 2020 about Viet Nam, market cap, stock market, capital, and GDP.

The price of Tesla shares traded on the Nasdaq stock exchange remained rather stable between July 2010 and January 2020. With the beginning of 2020, the price of Tesla shares increased dramatically and stood at 381.59 U.S. dollars per share in November 2021. Since then, the price of Tesla shares has fluctuated significantly and reached its peak at 444.72 U.S. dollars per share in September 2025. Why did Tesla's stock value go up in 2020? Despite the effects of the pandemic, Tesla share prices experienced a massive increase in 2020. Tesla kept increasing its output levels throughout the year, except for the second quarter, and released its new vehicle, the Tesla Model Y. Additionally, when the company was added to the S&P 500 index in December 2020, it instilled further trust in investors. In 2020, Tesla was the top-performing stock on the S&P 500 index, and two years later, in 2024, it ranked among the ten largest companies on the index by market capitalization. Steady growth in the last decade Founded in 2003, Tesla primarily focuses on designing and producing electric vehicles, as well as energy generation and storage systems. Since then, Tesla's revenue has steadily increased, reaching nearly 98 billion U.S. dollars in 2024. Most of the revenue came from automotive sales in 2024. Tesla's first electric car, the Roadster, was sold between 2008 and 2012. Currently, the company offers four primary electric vehicles: Model 3, Model Y, Model S, and Model X.

The Federal National Mortgage Association, commonly known as Fannie Mae, was created by the U.S. congress in 1938, in order to maintain liquidity and stability in the domestic mortgage market. The company is a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE), meaning that while it was a publicly traded company for most of its history, it was still supported by the federal government. While there is no legally binding guarantee of shares in GSEs or their securities, it is generally acknowledged that the U.S. government is highly unlikely to let these enterprises fail. Due to these implicit guarantees, GSEs are able to access financing at a reduced cost of interest. Fannie Mae's main activity is the purchasing of mortgage loans from their originators (banks, mortgage brokers etc.) and packaging them into mortgage-backed securities (MBS) in order to ease the access of U.S. homebuyers to housing credit. The early 2000s U.S. mortgage finance boom During the early 2000s, Fannie Mae was swept up in the U.S. housing boom which eventually led to the financial crisis of 2007-2008. The association's stated goal of increasing access of lower income families to housing finance coalesced with the interests of private mortgage lenders and Wall Street investment banks, who had become heavily reliant on the housing market to drive profits. Private lenders had begun to offer riskier mortgage loans in the early 2000s due to low interest rates in the wake of the "Dot Com" crash and their need to maintain profits through increasing the volume of loans on their books. The securitized products created by these private lenders did not maintain the standards which had traditionally been upheld by GSEs. Due to their market share being eaten into by private firms, however, the GSEs involved in the mortgage markets began to also lower their standards, resulting in a 'race to the bottom'. The fall of Fannie Mae The lowering of lending standards was a key factor in creating the housing bubble, as mortgages were now being offered to borrowers with little or no ability to repay the loans. Combined with fraudulent practices from credit ratings agencies, who rated the junk securities created from these mortgage loans as being of the highest standard, this led directly to the financial panic that erupted on Wall Street beginning in 2007. As the U.S. economy slowed down in 2006, mortgage delinquency rates began to spike. Fannie Mae's losses in the mortgage security market in 2006 and 2007, along with the losses of the related GSE 'Freddie Mac', had caused its share value to plummet, stoking fears that it may collapse. On September 7th 2008, Fannie Mae was taken into government conservatorship along with Freddie Mac, with their stocks being delisted from stock exchanges in 2010. This act was seen as an unprecedented direct intervention into the economy by the U.S. government, and a symbol of how far the U.S. housing market had fallen.

Common-Stock Time Series for AIB Group PLC. AIB Group plc provides banking and financial products and services to retail, business, and corporate customers in the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom, and internationally. It operates through Retail Banking, AIB Capital Markets, Climate Capital, AIB UK, and Group segments. The company offers current and savings accounts, demand deposits, notice deposits, fixed term deposits, junior/student saver deposits, and currency deposits. It also provides personal, car, home improvement, education, business, and farm development loans; merger and acquisition, management buyouts, syndicated debt facilities, infrastructure and project, mezzanine, asset, invoice, trade, revolving credit, corporate credit, prompt pay and insurance premium, structured and specialist, and ibanking financing services; business and farmer credit line and overdrafts; and mortgages. In addition, the company offers credit and debit cards; investment funds; life, home, car, travel, and business succession insurance products; and pension products. Further, it provides foreign currency and interest rate risk management, cash management, equity investments, private banking services and advice, lending, treasury, trade facilities, asset finance, and invoice discounting services, as well as wealth management capital markets services. The company was formerly known as Allied Irish Banks, p.l.c. and changed its name to AIB Group plc in December 2017. AIB Group plc was founded in 1825 and is headquartered in Dublin, Ireland.

Namibia's main stock market index, the NSX Overall, fell to 2008 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.45% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 1.12% and is up 7.10% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Namibia. Namibia Stock Market - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Market Capitalization: Nigeria Stock Exchange data was reported at 112.580 NGN tn in Jan 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 102.350 NGN tn for Dec 2024. Market Capitalization: Nigeria Stock Exchange data is updated monthly, averaging 18.050 NGN tn from Jun 2008 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 200 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.580 NGN tn in Jan 2025 and a record low of 7.030 NGN tn in Dec 2009. Market Capitalization: Nigeria Stock Exchange data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Nigerian Exchange Group. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.Z002: Nigeria Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

Analyzing venture capital trends during market downturns: Data shows early-stage startup funding dropped 50% post-2008, with seed rounds recovering fastest.

The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) now Nigerian Exchange Group is a Nigerian stock exchange founded in 1961 in Lagos. As of November 2020, it has a total of 177 listed companies. The All-Share Index tracks the general market movement of all listed equities on Nigerian Exchange, including those listed on the Growth Board, regardless of capitalization.

Key information about Sri Lanka All Share

• Sri Lanka All Share closed at 22,712.8 points in Nov 2025, compared with 22,804.8 points at the previous month end
• Sri Lanka Equity Market Index: Month End: CSE: All Share data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1987 to Nov 2025, with an average number of 2,203.8 points
• The data reached an all-time high of 22,804.8 points in Oct 2025 and a record low of 137.5 points in Nov 1988

• In the latest reports, All Shares recorded a daily P/E ratio of 10.6 in Dec 2025