The DXY exchange rate fell to 96.9910 on July 4, 2025, down 0.19% from the previous session. Over the past month, the United States Dollar has weakened 1.77%, and is down by 7.52% over the last 12 months. United States Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Interactive historical chart showing the daily Euro - U.S. Dollar (EURUSD) exchange rate back to 1999.

Prices for DXY Dollar Index including live quotes, historical charts and news. DXY Dollar Index was last updated by Trading Economics this July 5 of 2025.

Interactive historical chart showing the daily U.S. Dollar - Japanese Yen (USDJPY) exchange rate back to 1971.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is forecast to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% between 2024 and 2029.

The Foreign Exchange Market is segmented by type (reporting dealers, financial institutions, non-financial customers), trade finance instruments (currency swaps, outright forward and FX swaps, FX options), trading platforms (electronic trading, over-the-counter (OTC), mobile trading), and geography (North America: US, Canada; Europe: Germany, Switzerland, UK; Middle East and Africa: UAE; APAC: China, India, Japan; South America: Brazil; Rest of World). This segmentation reflects the market's global dynamics, driven by institutional trading, increasing digital adoption through electronic trading and mobile trading, and regional economic activities, with APAC markets like India and China showing significant growth alongside traditional hubs like the US and UK.
The market is experiencing significant shifts driven by the escalating trends of urbanization and digitalization. These forces are creating 24x7 trading opportunities, enabling greater accessibility and convenience for market participants. However, the market's dynamics are not without challenges. The uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a formidable obstacle for businesses and investors alike, necessitating robust risk management strategies. As urbanization continues to expand and digital technologies reshape the trading landscape, market players must adapt to remain competitive. One significant trend is the increasing use of money transfer agencies, venture capital investments, and mutual funds in foreign exchange transactions. Companies seeking to capitalize on these opportunities must navigate the challenges effectively, ensuring they stay abreast of exchange rate fluctuations and implement agile strategies to mitigate risk.
The ability to adapt and respond to these market shifts will be crucial for success in the evolving market.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the dynamic and intricate realm of the market, entities such as algorithmic trading, order book, order management systems, and liquidity risk intertwine, shaping the ever-evolving market landscape. The market's continuous unfolding is characterized by the integration of various components, including sentiment analysis, Fibonacci retracement, mobile trading, and good-for-the-day orders. Market activities are influenced by factors like political stability, monetary policy, and market liquidity, which in turn impact economic growth and trade settlement. Technical analysis, with its focus on chart patterns and moving averages, plays a crucial role in informing trading decisions. The market's complexity is further amplified by the presence of entities like credit risk, counterparty risk, and operational risk.

Central bank intervention, order execution, clearing and settlement, and trade confirmation are essential components of the market's infrastructure, ensuring a seamless exchange of currencies. Geopolitical risk, currency correlation, and inflation rates contribute to currency volatility, necessitating hedging strategies and risk management. Market risk, interest rate differentials, and commodity currencies influence trading strategies, while cross-border payments and brokerage services facilitate international trade. The ongoing evolution of the market is marked by the emergence of advanced trading platforms, automated trading, and real-time data feeds, enabling traders to make informed decisions in an increasingly interconnected and complex global economy.

How is this Foreign Exchange Industry segmented?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is a dynamic and complex ecosystem where various entities interplay to manage currency risks and facilitate international trade. Reporting dealers, as key participants,

Forex daily volume was nearly six billion U.S. dollars for the USD currency, an amount three times higher than for the euro (EUR). The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance. What figures are available, however, indicate that the USD currency far outweighs that of many other currencies all over the world.

What is the forex market?

The forex market is based on the fluctuations in the value of currency interest rates. For example, the U.S. dollar performs differently against other major currencies. If one can properly predict these fluctuations, they can buy a weaker currency with a stronger one. After the currencies rebalance, the original currency will be worth more terms of the exchange rate, giving the investor a profit. There are many foreign exchange trading services, including many multinational banks which already work in multiple currencies.

Other currency trading functions

Countries and central banks often hold foreign currencies. These international reserves help facilitate the transactions in international trade, which is one reason China’s foreign reserves are so high. Countries can buy and sell foreign currencies to maintain a particular exchange rate. This is necessary for currencies which are pegged to another currency, such as the U.S. dollar. However, some countries are accused of exchange rate manipulation in order to make their exports seem more attractive. Finally, certain currencies are considered safer. Citizens and firms in a country with an unstable currency will buy these currencies to avoid volatility, or even hyperinflation, in their home currency.

Graph and download economic data for Currency in Circulation (CURRCIR) from Aug 1917 to Jun 2025 about currency and USA.

The USD/CNY exchange rate fell to 7.1631 on July 4, 2025, down 0.07% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Chinese Yuan has strengthened 0.18%, and is up by 1.72% over the last 12 months. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Interactive chart of historical data showing the broad price-adjusted U.S. dollar index published by the Federal Reserve. The index is adjusted for the aggregated home inflation rates of all included currencies. The price adjustment is especially important with our Asian and South American trading partners due to their significant inflation episodes of the 80s and 90s.

Interactive historical chart showing the daily U.S. Dollar - Mexican Peso (USDMXN) exchange rate back to 1994.

GDP, billion currency units in the USA, March, 2025 The most recent value is 7490.5 billion U.S. Dollar as of Q1 2025, an increase compared to the previous value of 7430.98 billion U.S. Dollar. Historically, the average for the USA from Q1 1960 to Q1 2025 is 2229.39 billion U.S. Dollar. The minimum of 135.28 billion U.S. Dollar was recorded in Q4 1960, while the maximum of 7490.5 billion U.S. Dollar was reached in Q1 2025. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Emerging Market Economies U.S. Dollar Index (TWEXEMEGSMTH) from Jan 2006 to May 2025 about trade-weighted, emerging markets, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.

The USD/BRL exchange rate rose to 5.4212 on July 4, 2025, up 0.21% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Brazilian Real has strengthened 2.99%, and is up by 0.68% over the last 12 months. Brazilian Real - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Interactive historical chart showing the daily U.S. Dollar - Chinese Yuan (USDCNY) exchange rate back to 1981.

Graph and download economic data for Trade Weighted U.S. Dollar Index: Major Currencies, Goods (DISCONTINUED) (TWEXM) from 1973-01-03 to 2020-01-01 about major, trade-weighted, exchange rate, currency, goods, rate, indexes, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Nominal Broad U.S. Dollar Index (DTWEXBGS) from 2006-01-02 to 2025-06-27 about trade-weighted, broad, exchange rate, currency, goods, services, rate, indexes, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Rest of the World; Currency; Asset, Level (ROWCURQ027S) from Q4 1945 to Q1 2025 about IMA, currency, and assets.

Graph and download economic data for Currency Conversions: US Dollar Exchange Rate: Spot, End of Period: USD: National Currency for SDR (CCUSSP01IFM650N) from Jan 1975 to Dec 2023 about Imf (Geography), exchange rate, currency, rate, and USA.

Money supply, billion currency units in the USA, March, 2025 The most recent value is 21925.3 billion U.S. Dollar as of March 2025, an increase compared to the previous value of 21615.8 billion U.S. Dollar. Historically, the average for the USA from January 1960 to March 2025 is 5567.77 billion U.S. Dollar. The minimum of 298.2 billion U.S. Dollar was recorded in March 1960, while the maximum of 21925.3 billion U.S. Dollar was reached in March 2025. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Interactive historical chart showing the daily British Pound - U.S. Dollar (GBPUSD) exchange rate back to 1971.