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TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Code:
Packet_Features_Generator.py & Features.py
To run this code:
pkt_features.py [-h] -i TXTFILE [-x X] [-y Y] [-z Z] [-ml] [-s S] -j
-h, --help show this help message and exit -i TXTFILE input text file -x X Add first X number of total packets as features. -y Y Add first Y number of negative packets as features. -z Z Add first Z number of positive packets as features. -ml Output to text file all websites in the format of websiteNumber1,feature1,feature2,... -s S Generate samples using size s. -j
Purpose:
Turns a text file containing lists of incomeing and outgoing network packet sizes into separate website objects with associative features.
Uses Features.py to calcualte the features.
startMachineLearning.sh & machineLearning.py
To run this code:
bash startMachineLearning.sh
This code then runs machineLearning.py in a tmux session with the nessisary file paths and flags
Options (to be edited within this file):
--evaluate-only to test 5 fold cross validation accuracy
--test-scaling-normalization to test 6 different combinations of scalers and normalizers
Note: once the best combination is determined, it should be added to the data_preprocessing function in machineLearning.py for future use
--grid-search to test the best grid search hyperparameters - note: the possible hyperparameters must be added to train_model under 'if not evaluateOnly:' - once best hyperparameters are determined, add them to train_model under 'if evaluateOnly:'
Purpose:
Using the .ml file generated by Packet_Features_Generator.py & Features.py, this program trains a RandomForest Classifier on the provided data and provides results using cross validation. These results include the best scaling and normailzation options for each data set as well as the best grid search hyperparameters based on the provided ranges.
Data
Encrypted network traffic was collected on an isolated computer visiting different Wikipedia and New York Times articles, different Google search queres (collected in the form of their autocomplete results and their results page), and different actions taken on a Virtual Reality head set.
Data for this experiment was stored and analyzed in the form of a txt file for each experiment which contains:
First number is a classification number to denote what website, query, or vr action is taking place.
The remaining numbers in each line denote:
The size of a packet,
and the direction it is traveling.
negative numbers denote incoming packets
positive numbers denote outgoing packets
Figure 4 Data
This data uses specific lines from the Virtual Reality.txt file.
The action 'LongText Search' refers to a user searching for "Saint Basils Cathedral" with text in the Wander app.
The action 'ShortText Search' refers to a user searching for "Mexico" with text in the Wander app.
The .xlsx and .csv file are identical
Each file includes (from right to left):
The origional packet data,
each line of data organized from smallest to largest packet size in order to calculate the mean and standard deviation of each packet capture,
and the final Cumulative Distrubution Function (CDF) caluclation that generated the Figure 4 Graph.
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TwitterAccording to the results of a survey conducted worldwide in 2023, nearly **** of responding digital marketers believed artificial intelligence (AI) would have a positive impact on website search traffic in the next five years. Some ** percent stated AI would have a neutral effect, while ** percent agreed that the technology would negatively impact search traffic.
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Twitterhttps://www.marketresearchforecast.com/privacy-policyhttps://www.marketresearchforecast.com/privacy-policy
Discover the booming website visitor tracking software market! Our analysis reveals a $5 billion market in 2025, projected to reach $15 billion by 2033, driven by digital marketing, data-driven decisions, and AI-powered analytics. Learn about key players, market trends, and regional insights.
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TwitterBetween July and September 2022, BYJU's emerged as the top Ed Tech platform for K12 and test preparation In India. It recorded approximately *** million website visits. Following closely behind was Toppr.com, with around *** million visits during the same period.
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TwitterIn March 2024, search platform Google.com generated approximately 85.5 billion visits, down from 87 billion platform visits in October 2023. Google is a global search platform and one of the biggest online companies worldwide.
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TwitterTraffic analytics, rankings, and competitive metrics for testing-library.com as of September 2025
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Twitterhttps://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/https://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/
test-velocidad.com is ranked #27469 in ES with 62.33K Traffic. Categories: Information Technology, Telecom. Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterUnlock the Power of Behavioural Data with GDPR-Compliant Clickstream Insights.
Swash clickstream data offers a comprehensive and GDPR-compliant dataset sourced from users worldwide, encompassing both desktop and mobile browsing behaviour. Here's an in-depth look at what sets us apart and how our data can benefit your organisation.
User-Centric Approach: Unlike traditional data collection methods, we take a user-centric approach by rewarding users for the data they willingly provide. This unique methodology ensures transparent data collection practices, encourages user participation, and establishes trust between data providers and consumers.
Wide Coverage and Varied Categories: Our clickstream data covers diverse categories, including search, shopping, and URL visits. Whether you are interested in understanding user preferences in e-commerce, analysing search behaviour across different industries, or tracking website visits, our data provides a rich and multi-dimensional view of user activities.
GDPR Compliance and Privacy: We prioritise data privacy and strictly adhere to GDPR guidelines. Our data collection methods are fully compliant, ensuring the protection of user identities and personal information. You can confidently leverage our clickstream data without compromising privacy or facing regulatory challenges.
Market Intelligence and Consumer Behaviuor: Gain deep insights into market intelligence and consumer behaviour using our clickstream data. Understand trends, preferences, and user behaviour patterns by analysing the comprehensive user-level, time-stamped raw or processed data feed. Uncover valuable information about user journeys, search funnels, and paths to purchase to enhance your marketing strategies and drive business growth.
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Custom Reporting and Analysis: We understand that every organisation has unique requirements. That's why we offer customisable reporting options, allowing you to tailor the analysis and reporting of clickstream data to your specific needs. Whether you need detailed metrics, visualisations, or in-depth analytics, we provide the flexibility to meet your reporting requirements.
Data Quality and Credibility: We take data quality seriously. Our data sourcing practices are designed to ensure responsible and reliable data collection. We implement rigorous data cleaning, validation, and verification processes, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of our clickstream data. You can confidently rely on our data to drive your decision-making processes.
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Twitterhttps://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/https://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/
testing.com is ranked #23656 in US with 496.78K Traffic. Categories: Healthcare, Wellness. Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterTraffic analytics, rankings, and competitive metrics for e-verify.gov as of September 2025
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TwitterIn August 2025, Google.com was the most visited website worldwide, with an average of 98.2 billion monthly visits. The platform has maintained its leading position since June 2010, when it surpassed Yahoo to take first place. YouTube ranked second during the same period, recording over 48 billion monthly visits. The internet leaders: search, social, and e-commerce Social networks, search engines, and e-commerce websites shape the online experience as we know it. While Google leads the global online search market by far, YouTube and Facebook have become the world’s most popular websites for user generated content, solidifying Alphabet’s and Meta’s leadership over the online landscape. Meanwhile, websites such as Amazon and eBay generate millions in profits from the sale and distribution of goods, making the e-market sector an integral part of the global retail scene. What is next for online content? Powering social media and websites like Reddit and Wikipedia, user-generated content keeps moving the internet’s engines. However, the rise of generative artificial intelligence will bring significant changes to how online content is produced and handled. ChatGPT is already transforming how online search is performed, and news of Google's 2024 deal for licensing Reddit content to train large language models (LLMs) signal that the internet is likely to go through a new revolution. While AI's impact on the online market might bring both opportunities and challenges, effective content management will remain crucial for profitability on the web.
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Twitterhttps://scoop.market.us/privacy-policyhttps://scoop.market.us/privacy-policy
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Twitterhttps://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/https://semrush.ebundletools.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/
gpc-check.com is ranked #5072 in JP with 608.47K Traffic. Categories: Online Services. Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterIn the second quarter of 2025, mobile devices (excluding tablets) accounted for 62.54 percent of global website traffic. Since consistently maintaining a share of around 50 percent beginning in 2017, mobile usage surpassed this threshold in 2020 and has demonstrated steady growth in its dominance of global web access. Mobile traffic Due to low infrastructure and financial restraints, many emerging digital markets skipped the desktop internet phase entirely and moved straight onto mobile internet via smartphone and tablet devices. India is a prime example of a market with a significant mobile-first online population. Other countries with a significant share of mobile internet traffic include Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya. In most African markets, mobile accounts for more than half of the web traffic. By contrast, mobile only makes up around 45.49 percent of online traffic in the United States. Mobile usage The most popular mobile internet activities worldwide include watching movies or videos online, e-mail usage and accessing social media. Apps are a very popular way to watch video on the go and the most-downloaded entertainment apps in the Apple App Store are Netflix, Tencent Video and Amazon Prime Video.
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Twitterhttps://sam1.toolsspider.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/https://sam1.toolsspider.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/
search.yahoo.com is ranked #6 in US with 1.64B Traffic. Categories: . Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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bigfive-test.com is ranked #53497 in US with 472.26K Traffic. Categories: Human Resources. Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterTraffic analytics, rankings, and competitive metrics for av-test.org as of September 2025
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search-owl.com is ranked #2259 in DE with 1.61M Traffic. Categories: . Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterTraffic analytics, rankings, and competitive metrics for test-ipv6.com as of September 2025
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Twitterhttps://sem3.heaventechit.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/https://sem3.heaventechit.com/company/legal/terms-of-service/
himera-search.app is ranked #179714 in RU with 11.46K Traffic. Categories: . Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!
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TwitterAttribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Code:
Packet_Features_Generator.py & Features.py
To run this code:
pkt_features.py [-h] -i TXTFILE [-x X] [-y Y] [-z Z] [-ml] [-s S] -j
-h, --help show this help message and exit -i TXTFILE input text file -x X Add first X number of total packets as features. -y Y Add first Y number of negative packets as features. -z Z Add first Z number of positive packets as features. -ml Output to text file all websites in the format of websiteNumber1,feature1,feature2,... -s S Generate samples using size s. -j
Purpose:
Turns a text file containing lists of incomeing and outgoing network packet sizes into separate website objects with associative features.
Uses Features.py to calcualte the features.
startMachineLearning.sh & machineLearning.py
To run this code:
bash startMachineLearning.sh
This code then runs machineLearning.py in a tmux session with the nessisary file paths and flags
Options (to be edited within this file):
--evaluate-only to test 5 fold cross validation accuracy
--test-scaling-normalization to test 6 different combinations of scalers and normalizers
Note: once the best combination is determined, it should be added to the data_preprocessing function in machineLearning.py for future use
--grid-search to test the best grid search hyperparameters - note: the possible hyperparameters must be added to train_model under 'if not evaluateOnly:' - once best hyperparameters are determined, add them to train_model under 'if evaluateOnly:'
Purpose:
Using the .ml file generated by Packet_Features_Generator.py & Features.py, this program trains a RandomForest Classifier on the provided data and provides results using cross validation. These results include the best scaling and normailzation options for each data set as well as the best grid search hyperparameters based on the provided ranges.
Data
Encrypted network traffic was collected on an isolated computer visiting different Wikipedia and New York Times articles, different Google search queres (collected in the form of their autocomplete results and their results page), and different actions taken on a Virtual Reality head set.
Data for this experiment was stored and analyzed in the form of a txt file for each experiment which contains:
First number is a classification number to denote what website, query, or vr action is taking place.
The remaining numbers in each line denote:
The size of a packet,
and the direction it is traveling.
negative numbers denote incoming packets
positive numbers denote outgoing packets
Figure 4 Data
This data uses specific lines from the Virtual Reality.txt file.
The action 'LongText Search' refers to a user searching for "Saint Basils Cathedral" with text in the Wander app.
The action 'ShortText Search' refers to a user searching for "Mexico" with text in the Wander app.
The .xlsx and .csv file are identical
Each file includes (from right to left):
The origional packet data,
each line of data organized from smallest to largest packet size in order to calculate the mean and standard deviation of each packet capture,
and the final Cumulative Distrubution Function (CDF) caluclation that generated the Figure 4 Graph.