This graph displays the percentage of childless women in the United States in 2010, by family income. In 2010, 51.1 percent of the women with a family income of 75,000 U.S. dollars and more were childless.

The dataset consists of self-administered written texts on voluntary childlessness and sterilisation. The writing invitation was open to all voluntarily childless individuals who have considered sterilisation or have been sterilised. The data were collected for a Master's thesis. In the writing guidelines, participants were asked to write about how they had arrived at the decision to remain childless, and to describe what they thought about sterilisation. The study aimed to collect data on the reasons that had led the participants to seek sterilisation, and how the sterilisation procedure had impacted the lives of voluntarily childless individuals who had been sterilised. The views of those participants who would like to be sterilised but did not meet the conditions set in the Sterilisation Act were also examined. Background information included the participant's gender and age group. The data were organised into an easy to use HTML version at FSD. The dataset is only available in Finnish.

The family is currently in a state of flux. The birthrate today is much lower than in past times. The number of new marriages is declining while the number of young people who stay single increases. Many people live in extramarital life partnerships. These new trends create problems, which politics, administration and various non-governmental organisations such as family relations have to overcome. To make this possible, it is necessary to have reliable information which has been non existent up to now. There has for instance been no statistical data on the number of stepchildren although more and more children affected by their parents divorce grow up with their parents’ new partners. Only with this survey, which asks questions on the existence of parents outside the household, the gap is closed. However, the older generation is also of interest. Little is known about their families. Normally only relatives living in the same household are recorded in the statistics. Therefore, many married couples are labelled childless although their children have only moved out. This makes the question on relatives outside the interviewees’ households necessary. Information on the existence of relatives and contacts with them are also necessary to appraise in how far relatives are or can be included in the care of the increasing number of elderly people. The special program consists of 4 parts: 1. questions on the existence of biological relatives (B 22 and B 23: to all persons) 2. questions on the birth of children (B 24 and B 25: to women over 15 B 26 to B 28: to women between 20 and 40) 3. questions on the moving out from the parents’ household (B 29 and B 30: to all persons between 15 and 60) 4. questions on marriage and divorce (B 31 to B 35: to all married, divorced and widowed persons between 15 and 60)

The majority of children in 1996 were living in a married-couple family. In 1996, 73 out of 100 children were in these families as compared to 78 out of 100 in 1991. As a proportion of married couples, 29% represented families without children. The large percentage of families without children is partially attributed to the increasing number of families with children "leaving the nest". A small proportion of married couples have chosen to remain childless.

This paper uses the German Socio-Economic Panel to show that fathers – and to a lesser degree childless men and women, are most satisfied with life when working full-time or longer. In contrast, whether mothers spend more or less hours in employment hardly affects their life satisfaction. The rational maximization of income as postulated by family economics cannot explain these results, as they are even found in households where women earn more than men. Because they are also found among those who hold secure jobs and have very little household work and childcare duties, these results contradict the predictions by expansionist role theory that men and women are better off in egalitarian employment arrangements. The results change little over time, with cohorts or with educational group-membership. For men, the results therefore fit best with the predictions of traditional role theory, which suggests that people are most satisfied when adhering to stereotypical gender roles.

The majority of children in 1996 were living in a married-couple family. In 1996, 73 out of 100 children were in these families as compared to 78 out of 100 in 1991. As a proportion of married couples, 29% represented families without children. The large percentage of families without children is partially attributed to the increasing number of families with children "leaving the nest". A small proportion of married couples have chosen to remain childless.

In the second quarter of 2022, over 14 percent of households in Czechia used the internet of things (IoT) devices in their homes. Over 20 percent of families with children and childless families of only people under 40 years of age utilized them. The most popular were IoT security devices used by *** percent of all households.

In 2023, Australia's fertility rate reached its lowest ever figure, at fewer than 1.5 children born per women of childbearing age. In general, Australia’s fertility rate has been fairly consistent throughout the past four decades, fluctuating between 1.7 and two births per woman, however the recent drop in fertility may be a result of the Covid-19 pandemic - it remains to be seen what the full extent of the pandemic will be on demographic trends. Population aging in Australia Like most other developed nations, Australia has been experiencing population ageing, driven by declining fertility rate and increased longevity, with an average life expectancy at birth of 83 years in 2020. Amid the pandemic, Australia also witnessed a noticeable decrease in the number of births to approximately 294.4 thousand, the lowest value since 2011. “No kids attached” Childfree couples could become the norm in Australia, as couples living without children are expected to become Australia’s most common family type in a few years’ time. While many families may suffer from involuntary childlessness, other couples would opt for a childfree life for various reasons. Especially in times of COVID-19, couples might not want to risk having children with increasing job insecurity.

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The children's and infant wear market share is expected to increase by USD 70.08 million from 2020 to 2025, at a CAGR of 5.47%.

This children's and infant wear market research report extensively covers children's and infant wear market segmentation by distribution channel (offline and online), type (apparel and footwear), and geography (APAC, North America, Europe, South America, and MEA). The children's and infant wear market report also offers information on several market vendors, including adidas AG, Benetton Group Srl, Carters Inc., Esprit Automation Ltd., Hanesbrands Inc., Nike Inc., PUMA SE, Ralph Lauren Corp., The Gap Inc., and The Walt Disney Co. among others.

What will the Children's and Infant Wear Market Size be During the Forecast Period?

Download the Free Report Sample to Unlock the Children's and Infant Wear Market Size for the Forecast Period and Other Important Statistics

Children's and Infant Wear Market: Key Drivers, Trends, and Challenges

The growing penetration in organized retail is notably driving the children's and infant wear market growth, although factors such as the declining birth rate may impede the market growth. Our research analysts have studied the historical data and deduced the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the children's and infant wear industry. The holistic analysis of the drivers will help in deducing end goals and refining marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge.

Key Children's and Infant Wear Market Driver

One of the key factors driving growth in the children's and infant wear market is the growing penetration in organized retail. The significance of organized retailers offering branded and reliable products has increased with growing brand consciousness among consumers. The entry of global players will contribute to sales through the organized retail sector. The penetration of organized retail will enable consumers to compare prices, quality, and design and, thus, aid their purchase decision. The market landscape is transforming as customers are shifting toward online shopping, providing new opportunities to the children's wear and infant wear brands. The emerging retail industry, particularly in developing countries such as Brazil, China, and India, will significantly boost the growth of the global children's wear and infant wear market.

Key Children's and Infant Wear Market Challenge

The declining birth rate will be a major challenge for the children's and infant wear market during the forecast period. The decline is attributable to the increase in the unmarried population and a drop in the number of children per family. Millennials are putting their careers before starting a family. One of the major reasons for more couples delaying or completely negating childbirth is the cost associated with raising a child. In addition, increasing acceptance of childless families has been considerably affecting the market growth of children's and infant products. Thus, declining birth rates globally are expected to have a significant long-term impact on the overall market growth

This children's and infant wear market analysis report also provides detailed information on other upcoming trends and challenges that will have a far-reaching effect on the market growth. The actionable insights on the trends and challenges will help companies evaluate and develop growth strategies for 2021-2025.

Who are the Major Children's and Infant Wear Market Vendors?

The report analyzes the market’s competitive landscape and offers information on several market vendors, including:

adidas AG
Benetton Group Srl
Carters Inc.
Esprit Automation Ltd.
Hanesbrands Inc.
Nike Inc.
PUMA SE
Ralph Lauren Corp.
The Gap Inc.
The Walt Disney Co.

This statistical study of the children's and infant wear market encompasses successful business strategies deployed by the key vendors. The children's and infant wear market is fragmented and the vendors are deploying organic and inorganic growth strategies to compete in the market.

To make the most of the opportunities and recover from post COVID-19 impact, market vendors should focus more on the growth prospects in the fast-growing segments, while maintaining their positions in the slow-growing segments.

The children's and infant wear market forecast report offers in-depth insights into key vendor profiles. The profiles include information on the production, sustainability, and prospects of the leading companies.

Which are the Key Regions for Children's and Infant Wear Market?

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39% of the market’s growth will originate from APAC during the forecast period. China is the key market for children's and infant wear in APAC. Market growth in APAC will be faster than the growth of the market in other regions.

The growing population and exposure to new styles and

IntroductionClimate change concerns have emerged as a factor in shaping childrearing intentions. Given extreme weather events, climate change-related anxiety has increased drastically in the region of British Columbia (BC), Canada. This study explored how worry about an increasingly uncertain future may be associated with people’s childrearing intentions in BC.MethodsThis study used BC-CDMS (British Columbia Climate Distress Monitoring System) data from childless participants aged 16–44. We conducted multinomial logistic regression analyses (n = 441) to examine the association between climate change anxiety [measured using the Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS)] and childrearing intentions. We controlled for covariates, including socio-demographic characteristics and generalized distress. A mediation analysis also tested whether political orientation mediates the primary relationship.ResultsParticipants who were undecided about having children (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.10–2.26) and those who planned not to have children (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.13–2.37) had higher CCAS scores compared to those who planned to have children. After controlling for covariates, climate change anxiety was still associated with childrearing intentions. Our mediation model indicated that political orientation scores partially mediate the relationship between climate anxiety and childrearing intentions.DiscussionDecision-makers should consider the impacts of climate anxiety and childrearing intentions on population and demographic shifts while supporting opportunities to reduce climate anxiety. Future research should consider the factors that influence and contribute to climate anxiety and climate-related distress, and their impact on childrearing intentions.

Because human same-sex sexual behavior (SSB) is heritable and leads to fewer offspring, how SSB-associated alleles have persisted and whether they will remain in human populations are of interest. Using the UK Biobank, we address these questions separately for bisexual behavior (BSB) and exclusive SSB (eSSB) after confirming their genetic distinction. We discover that male BSB is genetically positively correlated with the number of offspring. This unexpected phenomenon is attributable to the horizontal pleiotropy of male risk-taking behavior-associated alleles, because male risk-taking behavior is genetically positively correlated with both BSB and the number of offspring and because genetically controlling male risk-taking behavior abolishes the genetic correlation between male BSB and the number of offspring. By contrast, eSSB is genetically negatively correlated with the number of offspring. Our results suggest that male BSB-associated alleles are likely reproductively advantageous, ..., , , # GWAS summary statistics and codes of the paper "Genetic variants underlying human bisexual behavior are reproductively advantageous"

GWAS summary statistics obtained using Regenie for 8 traits: same-sex sexual behavior (SSB), bisexual behavior (Bisexuality), exclusive same-sex sexual behavior (Exclusive_SSB), childlessness (Childless), number of children (N_children), number of children among individuals with at least one child (N_children_nonchildless), number of sexual partners among individuals that only performed opposite-sex sexual behavior (N_Partners_OSB), risk-taking behavior (risk_taking).

genomicSEM.R: the script performs Genomic SEM analysis. To understand the script, see
Family-based_heritability.ipynb: the script estimates family-based heritability of traits using UKB relative pairs data.

Encouraging women to pursue STEM employment is frequently touted as a means of reducing the gender wage gap. We examine whether the attributes of computer science workers–who account for nearly half of those working in STEM jobs–explain the persistent gender wage gap in computer science, using American Community Survey (ACS) data from 2009 to 2019. Our analysis focuses on working-age respondents between the ages of 22 and 60 who had a college degree and were employed full-time. We use ordinary least squares (OLS) regression of logged wages on observed characteristics, before turning to regression decomposition techniques to estimate what proportion of the gender wage gap would remain if men and women were equally rewarded for the same attributes–such as parenthood or marital status, degree field, or occupation. Women employed in computer science jobs earned about 86.6 cents for every dollar that men earned–a raw gender gap that is smaller than it is for the overall labor force (where it was 82 percent). Controlling for compositional effects (family attributes, degree field and occupation) narrows the gender wage gap, though women continue to earn 9.1 cents per dollar less than their male counterparts. But differential returns to family characteristics and human capital measures account for almost two-thirds of the gender wage gap in computer science jobs. Women working in computer science receive both a marriage and parenthood premium relative to unmarried or childless women, but these are significantly smaller than the bonus that married men and fathers receive over their childless and unmarried peers. Men also receive sizable wage premiums for having STEM degrees in computer science and engineering when they work in computer science jobs, advantages that do not accrue to women. Closing the gender wage gap in computer science requires treating women more like men, not just increasing their representation.

Developed countries are experienciWtrends towards childlessness and singleness, but little is known about the climate impacts of their consumption relative to this. We evaluate the greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of five household groups and clarifies the climate effect of household transitions towards singleness and childlessness. We found that the trends of singleness and childlessness in developed countries challenge carbon mitigation. Although there is a sharp decrease in the GHG footprint of couple households with dependent children, the emerging single and childless households have accounted for an increasing share of GHG footprint due to their growing quantity and relatively higher GHG intensity. Reducing the GHG intensity of single and childless households is essential for the achievement of the temperature target. Climate policy makers need to fully consider these demographic trends.

L'enquête "Situation de couple, intentions de fécondité et opinions sur la famille" (FAMILLES) a été administrée durant la phase test du dispositif ELIPSS. Proposée par Laurent Toulemon, Arnaud Régnier-Loilier et Anne Salles, chercheurs à l’Institut national d’études démographiques (Ined), elle s'articule autour de trois thèmes : - les situations de couple et la fréquentation des sites de rencontre sur Internet ; - les intentions de fécondité ; - les opinions sur la famille. Les deux premiers thèmes se rattachent à des enquêtes* réalisées par l'Ined en collaboration avec l'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (Insee), dans le but de confronter les résultats issus d'un mode de collecte par tablette avec des résultats obtenus en face à face. Le troisième ensemble de questions, plus original, s'intéresse aux opinions sur la famille et intervient dans le contexte de l'adoption de la loi sur le mariage pour tous. Il s'agit de l'adaptation en français d'une série de questions sur la famille posées dans une enquête allemande réalisée par le Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung - BIB (l'institut fédéral allemand pour la recherche en population). Outre lesquestions "classiques", le questionnaire porte sur l'importance de la famille et aborde les points suivants : définition de la famille et du couple, qualités de la vie en couple, statut matrimonial légal, le nombre idéal d'enfants dans une famille (familles sans enfant et familles nombreuses), répartition des rôles au sein du couple, prise en charge des enfants, entourage du couple, grandes orientations des politiques familiales... L'enquête a été administrée au panel ELIPSSen novembre/décembre 2013. Consulter la liste de ces enquêtes dans la section Data Sources 2.3.1.8. The survey “Partnership arrangements and views on family issues” (FAMILLES) was conducted during the test phase of the ELIPSS project. Proposed by Laurent Toulemon, Arnaud Régnier-Loilier and Anne Salles, researchers at the National Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), it is based on three themes: partnership arrangements and the use of online dating sites; childbearing intentions; opinions on the family. The first two themes are linked with surveys conducted by INED in collaboration with INSEE (National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies), for the purpose of comparing the results of a tablet-based data collection method with the results from face-to-face interviews. The third set of questions, which is more original, explores views on the family and takes place against the background of the adoption of the law on marriage for all. It is a French adaptation of a series of questions on the family asked in a German survey conducted by the Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung - BIB (German Federal Institute for Population Research). Apart from the “standard” questions, the questionnaire looks at the importance of the family and tackles the following points: definition of the family and the couple, qualities of life as a couple, legal marital status, the ideal number of children in a family (childless families and large families), division of roles within the couple, childcare, friends and relations, main priorities of family policies… The questionnaire was administered to the ELIPSS panel in November/December 2013.

In 2024, an estimated **** percent of households in Japan had unmarried children below the age of 18. Of these households, one-child households accounted for the largest share. The proportion of households with two or more children has gradually declined over the past decades.

Dutch mobility experts named employees and entrepeneurs as the most promising target groups for Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) platforms in 2019. Of the 100 shared mobility experts, ** percent named people who work in companies on a salaried employee basis as the most likely users of shared mobility platforms. Less wealthy groups of society, such as students and the unemployed, were seen as less promising potential users by the mobility experts. In the same survey, the experts suggested that the most likely MaaS customers were singles and childless families. Combining these findings, this means that young, working, childless couples were seen as the perfect customers for shared mobility initiatives. Shared mobility or MaaS platforms offer vehicles such as cars, bicycles or e-scooters for (short-time) rent to their users. Often, these vehicles are picked up and dropped off in designated areas, although some mobility services such as Car2Go allow users to leave the vehicles anywhere in the city.