In the United States, more children died due to abuse or maltreatment at the hands of their parents than in other relationships. In 2022, around 363 children died due to abuse by two parents, and 473 children died due to abuse by their mother.

In 2023, about 5.39 children died each day of abuse and neglect in the United States. This is an increase from 1998, when about 3.13 children in the United States died each day due to abuse and neglect.

In the United States, more white children died due to abuse or maltreatment than other racial or ethnic groups. In 2023, 540 Black or African-American children died due to abuse or maltreatment, compared to 581 white children. However, the rate of Black or African-American children who died due to abuse stood at 6.04 deaths per 1,000 children, compared to 1.94 deaths per 1,000 children for white children.

Estimates of the number of children born in England and Wales who have experienced the death of their mother before they reach age 16 years. Data are taken from the Longitudinal Study.

Financial overview and grant giving statistics of Parents of Murdered Children Inc.

This data tracks the deaths of children up to 18 years old by the manner in which they died. It also identifies whether or not the child, youth or their family were involved with a children's aid society within 12 months of their death. This data is collected by the Office of the Chief Coroner. Actual number of paediatric deaths is calculated based on data provided by the Registrar General of Ontario and by children's aid societies. It has not been independently verified by the Office of the Chief Coroner.

In 2023, a total of 187 child fatalities due to abuse or maltreatment occurred in Texas, the most out of any state. In that year, California, Ohio, New York, and North Carolina rounded out the five leading states for child abuse deaths.

In the United States, more children died due to abuse or maltreatment at the hands of their parents than in other relationships. In 2023, around 364 children died due to abuse by two parents, and 459 children died due to abuse by their mother.

1. Scope and Object of Statistics: Cases categorized as Class 1 events under the Regulations Governing the Reporting, Grading, Classification, Handling, and Investigation of Child and Youth Protection Reports within this city will be included in the statistics, regardless of whether they are new or old cases.2. Statistical Standard Time: The first quarter refers to January to March, the second quarter refers to April to June, the third quarter refers to July to September, and the fourth quarter refers to October to December.3. Classification Standards: (1) Investigation and Number of Cases Opened: Classification based on the number of individuals involved in the investigation, the number of cases opened, the number of individuals currently under investigation, etc. (2) Number and Reasons for Death in Cases: Classification based on deaths due to abuse by parents (guardians, caregivers), deaths due to severe neglect by parents (guardians, caregivers), suicides by parents (guardians, caregivers) after killing their children, deaths due to illness or accident during placement under social workers, and other categories. (3) Protection and Placement: Classification based on cases where the individual still resides at home, 72-hour emergency placements, continued placements, and other placement situations, etc.4. For detailed information and descriptions, please refer to the "Taichung City Government Official Statistics Information Network - Query of Official Statistics Plans for Various Agencies".

Children and young persons aged 0-21 whose parents have died during the year by sex, age, parents who died, observations and year

This statistic shows the total number of children/youth victims of family-related homicides in Canada in 2016, distinguished by cause of death. In 2016, total 71 children, aged 17 or younger, were killed by a family member by strangulation, suffocation or drowning.

Invasive meningococcal disease is a life-threatening infection preventable through vaccination. Pediatric vaccination rates have declined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This survey aimed to understand how parents’ attitudes and behaviors have changed during the pandemic with regard to immunization and, more specifically, meningococcal vaccination. An online survey was emailed to parents of eligible children 0–4 years, following the selection process from UK, France, Germany, Italy, Brazil, Argentina, and Australia; and of adolescents 11–18 years from US. Data collection took place 19 January–16 February 2021. Quotas were set to ensure a representative sample. Eleven questions relating to general perceptions around vaccination and attitudes and behaviors toward meningitis vaccination were displayed. On 4,962 parents (average 35 years) participating in the survey, most (83%) believed important for their child to continue receiving recommended vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly half of routine vaccine appointments were delayed or canceled due to the pandemic, and 61% of respondents were likely to have their children catch up once COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. 30% of meningitidis vaccination appointments were canceled or delayed during the pandemic, and 21% of parents did not intend to reschedule them because of lockdown/stay at home regulations, and fear of catching COVID-19 in public places. It is crucial to communicate clear instructions to health workers and the general population and to provide appropriate safety precautions in vaccination centers. This will help to maintain vaccination rates and limit infections to prevent future outbreaks. What is the context?Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon infection that can lead to permanent disabilities and even death.Meningitis vaccination can prevent IMDs caused by Neisseria meningitidis.Vaccination rates have declined during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon infection that can lead to permanent disabilities and even death. Meningitis vaccination can prevent IMDs caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Vaccination rates have declined during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. What is new?We collected opinion of parents from the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, and the US, to understand their attitudes and behaviors toward meningitis vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results were reviewed by health care professional experts as well as by patient authors (IMD survivors).Most (83%) of the 4,962 parents believed that it is important for their child to continue receiving recommended vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.Half of the scheduled appointments for meningitis vaccination were canceled or delayed during the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly due to lockdown regulations and fear of catching COVID-19.Twenty-one percent of the parents who had their child’s meningitis vaccination appointment canceled, did not intend to reschedule it. We collected opinion of parents from the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, and the US, to understand their attitudes and behaviors toward meningitis vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results were reviewed by health care professional experts as well as by patient authors (IMD survivors). Most (83%) of the 4,962 parents believed that it is important for their child to continue receiving recommended vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Half of the scheduled appointments for meningitis vaccination were canceled or delayed during the COVID-19 pandemic, mainly due to lockdown regulations and fear of catching COVID-19. Twenty-one percent of the parents who had their child’s meningitis vaccination appointment canceled, did not intend to reschedule it. What is the impact?It is crucial that clear information is communicated by health care authorities and practitioners about the availability of vaccination during pandemic and the safety precautions that are taken.Collected opinions emphasize the importance of continuing vaccinations against infectious diseases during a pandemic. It is crucial that clear information is communicated by health care authorities and practitioners about the availability of vaccination during pandemic and the safety precautions that are taken. Collected opinions emphasize the importance of continuing vaccinations against infectious diseases during a pandemic.

Characteristics of the study population according to the death of a child.

BackgroundGlobally, about 5.2 million children under the age of five died in 2019, and more than half of those deaths occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa. In almost every death of a sick child, there is a parent/caregiver seeking health services for their child. This study sought to understand the experiences of care for parents/caregivers (caregivers) as they navigate the hospital system with the aim of identifying opportunities to improve service delivery and child health outcomes.MethodsQualitative data were collected from five hospitals in Kenya: three in Nairobi County and two in Bungoma County. Twenty-five in-depth interviews with caregivers (couples and single women) of young children 0–24 months old, 17 focus group discussions with women and men, and 64 institutional ethnographic observations were completed. Data were analyzed by initial annotation of transcripts and field materials, followed by open coding and thematic analysis using Nvivo 12 software. Summary themes were used to compare experiences between female and male caregivers, their child's age group, and study sites.ResultsCaregivers faced complex processes of care while seeking health services for their sick young children. Three overarching themes emerged with some variability across female and male caregiver perspectives: (1) Navigating structural issues: long wait times, confusing payment mechanisms, overcrowding, unhygienic conditions, and strict visitation policies; (2) Interactions with providers: positive experiences, including providers showing empathy and concern, and negative experiences of harsh language, neglect, lack of privacy, discounting caregiver perspectives, and not involving men; Limited communication between caregivers and providers on child's diagnosis, treatment, and progress and lack of communication specifically between male caregivers and providers; and (3) Limited emotional support for both caregivers during difficult diagnosis or bereavement.ConclusionsTo improve experiences, interventions, programs, and policies need to focus on good provider-caregiver partnerships; enhancing opportunities for male engagement, such as supportive visiting hours; effective communication between caregivers and providers; access to adequate emotional support; and an enabling hospital environment.

In the United States, perpetrators of child abuse are more likely to be parents of the child than a non-parent. In 2023, about 189,635 children in the United States were abused by their mother. Furthermore, 125,493 children were abused by their father in that year.

The National Child Development Study (NCDS) is a continuing longitudinal study that seeks to follow the lives of all those living in Great Britain who were born in one particular week in 1958. The aim of the study is to improve understanding of the factors affecting human development over the whole lifespan.

The NCDS has its origins in the Perinatal Mortality Survey (PMS) (the original PMS study is held at the UK Data Archive under SN 2137). This study was sponsored by the National Birthday Trust Fund and designed to examine the social and obstetric factors associated with stillbirth and death in early infancy among the 17,000 children born in England, Scotland and Wales in that one week. Selected data from the PMS form NCDS sweep 0, held alongside NCDS sweeps 1-3, under SN 5565.

Survey and Biomeasures Data (GN 33004):
To date there have been nine attempts to trace all members of the birth cohort in order to monitor their physical, educational and social development. The first three sweeps were carried out by the National Children's Bureau, in 1965, when respondents were aged 7, in 1969, aged 11, and in 1974, aged 16 (these sweeps form NCDS1-3, held together with NCDS0 under SN 5565). The fourth sweep, also carried out by the National Children's Bureau, was conducted in 1981, when respondents were aged 23 (held under SN 5566). In 1985 the NCDS moved to the Social Statistics Research Unit (SSRU) - now known as the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS). The fifth sweep was carried out in 1991, when respondents were aged 33 (held under SN 5567). For the sixth sweep, conducted in 1999-2000, when respondents were aged 42 (NCDS6, held under SN 5578), fieldwork was combined with the 1999-2000 wave of the 1970 Birth Cohort Study (BCS70), which was also conducted by CLS (and held under GN 33229). The seventh sweep was conducted in 2004-2005 when the respondents were aged 46 (held under SN 5579), the eighth sweep was conducted in 2008-2009 when respondents were aged 50 (held under SN 6137) and the ninth sweep was conducted in 2013 when respondents were aged 55 (held under SN 7669).

Four separate datasets covering responses to NCDS over all sweeps are available. National Child Development Deaths Dataset: Special Licence Access (SN 7717) covers deaths; National Child Development Study Response and Outcomes Dataset (SN 5560) covers all other responses and outcomes; National Child Development Study: Partnership Histories (SN 6940) includes data on live-in relationships; and National Child Development Study: Activity Histories (SN 6942) covers work and non-work activities. Users are advised to order these studies alongside the other waves of NCDS.

From 2002-2004, a Biomedical Survey was completed and is available under End User Licence (EUL) (SN 8731) and Special Licence (SL) (SN 5594). Proteomics analyses of blood samples are available under SL SN 9254.

Linked Geographical Data (GN 33497):
A number of geographical variables are available, under more restrictive access conditions, which can be linked to the NCDS EUL and SL access studies.

Linked Administrative Data (GN 33396):
A number of linked administrative datasets are available, under more restrictive access conditions, which can be linked to the NCDS EUL and SL access studies. These include a Deaths dataset (SN 7717) available under SL and the Linked Health Administrative Datasets (SN 8697) available under Secure Access.

Additional Sub-Studies (GN 33562):
In addition to the main NCDS sweeps, further studies have also been conducted on a range of subjects such as parent migration, unemployment, behavioural studies and respondent essays. The full list of NCDS studies available from the UK Data Service can be found on the NCDS series access data webpage.

How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys:
For information on how to access biomedical data from NCDS that are not held at the UKDS, see the CLS Genetic data and biological samples webpage.

Further information about the full NCDS series can be found on the Centre for Longitudinal Studies website.

The Parent Migration research project had four aims:

• an investigation of how children fare in educational attainments and behavioural adjustment, following change in family circumstances. This was done for children of the NCDS, making innovative use of multivariate multilevel modelling
• to see which children were likely to be resilient and which vulnerable to which type of change in their social environment
• to provide a systematic statistical backdrop on the population aged 5-16 in 1991, with the child as the unit of observation, taking evidence from the ONS Longitudinal Study (not held at the UKDA). This should show how far the sample of second generation NCDS children were representative of all children in experiencing change in who they live with and where, relating such histories to indicators of their living standards
• an enhancement of the NCDS5 dataset (see SN 5567) by coding and organizing data on migration, making a resource for other researchers. The methods used in the project were entirely quantitative, combining both description and analysis of secondary sources, the ONS Longitudinal Study and the second generation sample of NCDS cohort members and their children aged 5-18

This dataset contains information on the 'address history' of a sub-sample (2,657 members) of the NCDS who provided a mother/child questionnaire in 1991. One third of NCDS members identified to have at least one child old enough to complete maths and reading tests were requested to take part in the survey. Initial work was carried out by the NCDS User Support team as part of the 'Changing Home' project to code postal town data from NCDS5.

For the second edition (August 2008), the serial number has been replaced with a new one, variable Ncdsid. This change has been made for all datasets in the NCDS series. Further information may be found in the ‘CLS Confidentiality and Data Security Review’, included in the documentation.

Translation (Htoi San) I am telling a story about two boys who lost their mother, and their father got a new wife. A long time ago, a man married a woman and had two boys. After that, the mother died. Their family had difficulties with the father and two boys. So the father married another wife. The stepmother was so evil, fierce, and she did not like the two boys. She pretended to like the boys in front of the father, but she maltreated them behind their father. She did not feed the two boys well and only rubbed the rice here and there. The children were hungry and cried, "I am hungry. I am starving." When the father came home, he told his wife, "Children's mother, feed the children." The wife responded, "Check your children how much they ate or not. There is rice sticking in their mouths." But the two children kept on saying they were hungry. The stepmother did not like the boys. At last, she ordered her husband, "You bring your children to the forest and abandon them. Suppose you don't do that, I will go home instead." The father was confused that he loved his children; on the other hand, he feared his wife returning to her home. The stepmother told the father to kill the boys. However, the father loved his two boys. So he thought of a way. One day, the father got up early and carried food for lunch. He planned to bring the two children to the forest and leave them there so they would wander and could not come home. In their family, they had a mother dog. The father and two boys went to the forest bringing food and water. The dog was also following them. The bitch went behind them. When they reached a far place, the father said, "You two stay here. I go and get wood to cook curry. You wait here." The dog left together with the two boys. The father lied to them and returned home by himself. The two boys waited a long time for their father, but he did not return to them. So they both cried. The two boys were still young. When they were sure their father would not return, they tried to go back home. The dog led the way home. When the boys reached home, the stepmother did not let them in the house, so they had to stay under it. The stepmother placed them under their house. The dog could know the stepmother did not like the boys. The mother dog took pity on them, so it looked for food in the village and fed the boys. The boys also knew their stepmother did not want them. They met their father under their house and stayed there. One day, the stepmother found out about the boys. When she looked down, she found the boys under the house. She said, "Umm, you lied to me. You said you killed your children, but they are there. You are so bad. I am going home." "My wife, I will make sure this time," the father promised his wife. He promised to make it happen. The father confessed his fault. When their stepmother was not around, their father brought them out again. On that day, they did not bring any food, and the father tied the dog up at home. The father said, "Today, we are going to visit a wonderful place. Just the three of us." Then he led the boys to a deep jungle. When they reached there, the father said, "You two stay here. I go and find the food." But the father did not return to them. There was no dog and no father for the boys to follow. They were afraid when it was getting dark and climbed up the tree and slept there. When they woke up the following day, they came down and walked away hungrily. On the way, they found a fruit tree that looked very delicious, so the elder brother climbed up first and dragged the little brother onto the tree. That tree had many branches. They both climbed up. They ate fruits from that tree. The Pa-lawng spirit rode a big stone and flew fast and soundly, "Wi Wi," then the spirit stopped immediately at the tree root the two brothers were in. The Pa-lawng spirit asked, "Hey there! The two children! Pluck and drop me some fruits." They picked and dropped the fruits, but the spirit was not full. So they dropped the fruits until only one fruit was left. The two brothers had a knife that their father gave them. Their father gave them a very pointed knife. Despite how many fruits they dropped, the Pa-lawng spirit was not enough. The elder brother said, "Hey, gentleman, there is only one left that is sweeter than and more delicious than others before. So close your eyes and open your mouth." Thus, the spirit said, "Alright, fine." The brother asked, "Did you close your eyes?" Then the spirit answered, "Yes, I did." The elder brother poked the knife on the last fruit and threw it into the opening mouth of the spirit directly. The Pa-lawng spirit died there. The two brothers got down from the tree. They climbed and rode on the stone, and when they beat the stick made with silver, the rock flew. They flew and flew, riding on the magic stone. They entered a king's palace in a town. When the giant stone got into the town, it stopped at a public well and blocked it. The two brothers slept at a widow's house who stayed alone. The next day, the people came to fetch water, but they found the giant stone blocked the well. As the villagers could not get the water, they tried to move the stone but could not turn it down. They could not take it down, so this news reached the king. The king heard about the big stone that blocked the well, and it could not fall down even though the whole village tried. The younger brother said, "We can roll it down. We can do it." The elder brother stopped him, "I told you not to tell." But the little brother kept saying, "We can turn it over." Although the big brother stopped his little brother from saying it, the younger one kept saying it repeatedly. Therefore, the widow heard their saying. She told her king, "My lord, from the two guests at my house, the younger one said that he can roll over the stone." The widow told the king about them. The king ordered the window, "Bring him here." The widow asked, "What will you reward him?" The widow said, "What will you give him if he can roll over?" The king said, "I will give him my daughter with many treasures." "Furthermore, I will give my throne to be a king." The king had only one daughter and had no sons. "Alright! Fine." The widow agreed. The two brothers asked the villagers, "Now, everybody go back home. Come back here tomorrow early morning." When no one saw, the brothers sent the giant stone to another place with the silver stick that Pa-lawng spirit held before. When no stone was blocked the next morning, the king did not give his daughter. So the brothers brought back the stone and closed the well with it when there was no one. Although the king promised the second time, he did not give his daughter. The brothers brought the stone back and did not remove it, although the king begged for the third time as the brothers thought the king lied. On the third time, the king announced to the entire village to surely give his daughter. When the brothers got the promise, they removed the stone. This time, the king had to give the princess to the brothers and also his throne to them. Therefore, they were so happy and lived in the palace. After many years, the parents of the two brothers did not die yet. They went to places to find food, and when they heard there were many wealthy people, they decided to go and ask the kings from that country. Then they went there. Their parents did not recognize their sons as they left when they were young. The father and mother did not remember them. However, the boys recognized their parents. The two brothers remembered as their parents did not want them, but they took pity on their father. However, they did not like their stepmother and had pitiful minds. They did not want to give money packages to their hands. So they arranged to put the things to give their parents in a far, far, musty place. "When you reach the place to take things, you need to walk, looking at the ground carefully later," they told their parents. The parents did not look at the ground as they told them and looked at the other place, so they passed where the two brothers put the money. The brothers thought, "Alright, we cannot place it there. We have to hang up for the next time." The parents came back to them and asked again. "When you are on the way back home, look up the pace where you passed last time," the brothers told their parents. At that time, the parents looked down. Therefore, they did not get anything. Their parents kept asking repeatedly, and they also pitied them. So they thought of another way for the next time. They put honey and things and caught and put the queen bees in a container. They gave them two buffaloes too. And then they packed lunch for their parents. The brothers arranged lunch packs for them as they thought the gift might be insufficient. Therefore, they gave them food for their lunch. They also passed the gold packages and silver packages. The brothers also put the presents that the parents did not get previously and told them not to come back again. The parents left after getting the gifts. The brothers told their stepmother, "When you eat your lunch, tie this buffalo on each of your legs." They opened and ate their lunch packs, and the mother did as the brothers told her. After eating, they planned to open the honey container. When they opened the container, bees came out from it and stung the two cows. The cows were shocked and ran in opposite directions. The mother's two thighs were torn apart. The stepmother died there. Their father was left alone. The story ended here. Therefore, when we did not want to take care of orphans or children from the first wife, our lives could be shortened, and we could die early. Transcription (Lu Hkawng) Kanu nlu mat na hpang num kanu bai lu ai Jahkrai ma lahkawng a lam re, ngai hkrai na maumwi gaw, moi da la langai mi gaw madu jan la nna dinghku de kasha la kasha lahkawng lu yang madu jan si mat ai da. Shingrai nna dai ma yan nau ni hte shanwa ni

In the United States, more boys die than girls due to child abuse or maltreatment. In 2023, around 657 girls died due to abuse, compared to 942 boys who died in the same year.

This series records information about the deaths of children who had been placed in the Infant Life Protection Scheme. Children placed under this scheme were not made wards of the State.

For each death, these volumes record the following information:

- infant life welfare protection registration number
- name of the deceased and their dates of birth and death (information about the child's parents is not recorded)
- cause of death
- date the infant was placed in a home (replaced during 1933 with date placed with nurse), and
- an indication as to whether a coronial inquiry or inquest was held. (Judging from these registers, inquests were rarely held.)

The P1 consignment of this series was previously registered as a separate series, VPRS 5063.

Prior to the inclusion of VPRS 5063 during 2014, this particular series (i.e VPRS 4980) had erroneously been titled Deaths In Children's homes. Additionally, both VPRS 4980 and 5063 had been erroroneously thought to document the deaths of State wards.

This study aimed to provide a more individual, micro-level appreciation of infant mortality data. Previously, the focus of these data had been aggregative, at a fairly high level of aggregation - the country, county registration district. To that end, a team of research students at the Open University has examined vaccination registers at the sub-registration district level for 22 such districts.
In 1853 vaccination was made compulsory and in 1871 legislation was introduced requiring all poor law unions to appoint vaccination officers and to set up a system of registration; this system, with only minor alterations, lasted until 1948. Under the 1871 Act, vaccination officers took over all the functions of the local registrars except for giving parents the statutory notice of compulsory vaccination. The vaccination registrar recorded the following: (i) the registration number in the civil birth register; (ii) date of birth; (iii) place of birth; (iv) name of child; (v) sex; (vi) name of father, or if illegitimate, mother; (vii) occupation of father or if illegitimate, mother; (viii) date of notice to vaccinate given to parent; (ix) date of successful vaccination, postponement or insusceptibility to vaccination; (x) name of medical man who signed the certificate; (xi) date of death of any child who died before vaccination; (xii) reference number in vaccination officer's report book on problem cases. From the monthly information on infant deaths, the vaccination officer compiled an infant death register on children dying under the age of one year.
Medical historians have begun to recognise the historical importance of the compulsory provisions of Victorian vaccination legislation, which entailed the growth of a complex administrative structure necessary for its implementation. This can been seen as a forerunner of the Welfare State, particularly as regards the development of the public health movement.
It is generally agreed that civil registration had reached a high standard of reliability by 1872, and as the vaccination birth registers and infant death registers are copies of the civil registers for the period 1872-1948, they constitute an unrivalled source of information on infant mortality for the period.