The dataset captures 20,985 projects across 165 low- and middle-income countries supported by loans and grants from official sector institutions in China worth $1.34 trillion. It tracks projects over 22 commitment years (2000-2021) and provides details on the timing of project implementation over a 24-year period (2000-2023).

The COFI database includes power-generation projects in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries financed by Chinese corporations and banks that reached financial closure from 2000 to 2020. Types of financing include debt and equity investment, with the latter including greenfield foreign direct investments (FDI) and cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). COFI is consolidated using nine source databases using both automated join method in R Studio, and manual joining by analysts. The database includes power plant characteristics data and investment detail data. It captures 430 power plants in 76 BRI countries, including 220 equity investment transactions and 253 debt investment transactions made by Chinese investors. Key data points for financial transactions in COFI include the financial instrument (equity or debt), investor name, amount, and financial close year. Key technical characteristics tracked for projects in COFI include name, installed capacity, commissioning year, country, and primary fuel type. This project is a collaboration among the Boston University Global Development Policy Center, the Inter-American Dialogue, the China-Africa Research Initiative at the Johns Hopkins University (CARI), and the World Resources Institute (WRI). The detailed methodology is given in the World Resources Institute publication “China Overseas Finance Inventory”.

The COFI database includes power-generation projects in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries financed by Chinese corporations and banks that reached financial closure from 2000 to 2023. Types of financing include debt and equity investment, with the latter including greenfield foreign direct investments (FDI) and cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). COFI is consolidated using nine source databases using both automated join method in R Studio, and manual joining by analysts. The database includes power plant characteristics data and investment detail data. It captures 575 power plants in 87 BRI countries, including 314 equity investment transactions and 341 debt investment transactions made by Chinese investors. Key data points for financial transactions in COFI include the financial instrument (equity or debt), investor name, amount, and financial close year. Key technical characteristics tracked for projects in COFI include name, installed capacity, commissioning year, country, and primary fuel type. This project is a collaboration among the Boston University Global Development Policy Center, the Inter-American Dialogue, the China-Africa Research Initiative at the Johns Hopkins University (CARI), and the World Resources Institute (WRI). The detailed methodology is given in the World Resources Institute publication “China Overseas Finance Inventory”. Cautions When analyzing debt investment amounts, users should be aware of the difference between loan commitment and actual disbursement. Our database records the loan commitment for a certain year and not actual disbursement. The investment amount should only provide a rough picture of where Chinese companies are investing and not how much their exact portion is. In this version of the database, all equity investment amounts are missing. This is because the equity amount is either missing or estimated in the source databases. Citation

In 2018, China‘s traditional financial institutions invested around 16.7 billion yuan in artificial intelligence. In order to improve clients' experience and working efficiency, financial institutions in China are increasing their investment in science and technology, including the implementation of artificial intelligence.

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the chart presented in Significant, but Not Systemic: The Challenge of China’s Efforts to Rival Western Financial Predominance, PIIE Policy Brief 25-4.

If you use the data, please cite as:

Chorzempa, Martin, and Lukas Spielberger. 2025. Significant, but Not Systemic: The Challenge of China’s Efforts to Rival Western Financial Predominance. PIIE Policy Brief 25-4. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

China Finance Company: Asset: Claims on Non Financial Institution data was reported at 2,733.400 RMB bn in Dec 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,580.800 RMB bn for Sep 2018. China Finance Company: Asset: Claims on Non Financial Institution data is updated quarterly, averaging 314.380 RMB bn from Mar 1993 (Median) to Dec 2018, with 104 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,733.400 RMB bn in Dec 2018 and a record low of 13.960 RMB bn in Mar 1993. China Finance Company: Asset: Claims on Non Financial Institution data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.KC: Balance Sheet: Finance Company.

China Finance Company: Liab: Other Financial Corporation (FC) data was reported at 26.400 RMB bn in Dec 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 30.500 RMB bn for Sep 2018. China Finance Company: Liab: Other Financial Corporation (FC) data is updated quarterly, averaging 4.765 RMB bn from Mar 1993 (Median) to Dec 2018, with 104 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.100 RMB bn in Jun 2017 and a record low of 0.000 RMB bn in Dec 1993. China Finance Company: Liab: Other Financial Corporation (FC) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.KC: Balance Sheet: Finance Company.

Loans to Private Sector in China increased to 834021.23 CNY Hundred Million in May from 833481.80 CNY Hundred Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - China Loans To Private Sector - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This data package includes the underlying data and files to replicate the calculations, charts, and tables presented in China's Financial Opening Accelerates, PIIE Policy Brief 20-17. If you use the data, please cite as: Lardy, Nicholas R., and Tianlei Huang. (2020). China's Financial Opening Accelerates. PIIE Policy Brief 20-17. Peterson Institute for International Economics.

China: Financial institutions development, access: The latest value from 2021 is 0.461 index points, a decline from 0.486 index points in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 0.363 index points, based on data from 175 countries. Historically, the average for China from 1982 to 2021 is 0.138 index points. The minimum value, 0.028 index points, was reached in 1982 while the maximum of 0.527 index points was recorded in 2018.

China: Financial freedom index (0-100): The latest value from 2024 is 20 points, unchanged from 20 points in 2023. In comparison, the world average is 49 points, based on data from 175 countries. Historically, the average for China from 1995 to 2024 is 31 points. The minimum value, 20 points, was reached in 2017 while the maximum of 50 points was recorded in 1995.

Graph and download economic data for Financial System Deposits to GDP for China (DDDI08CNA156NWDB) from 1985 to 2021 about China, deposits, financial, and GDP.

In 2023, the financial intermediation sector contributed around eight percent to China's gross domestic product. In 1978, at the beginning of the country's opening-up period, the financial sector contributed around 2.1 percent to the GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Amount Outstanding of Domestic Debt Securities for Issuers in Financial Corporations, Residence of Issuer in China (DSAMRIAOFCCN) from Q1 2000 to Q4 2022 about finance companies, companies, finance, China, financial, debt, residents, securities, and domestic.

Financial system deposits to GDP (%) in China was reported at 48.67 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. China - Financial system deposits to GDP - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

"Equity investment (e.g., stocks, mutual funds, ETFs)" and "Insurance with an investment element (e.g., life insurance)" are the top two answers among Chinese consumers in our survey on the subject of "Most used financial products".The survey was conducted online among ***** respondents in China, in 2025.

China Listed Company: Net Profit: Financial data was reported at 2,421.360 RMB bn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,385.699 RMB bn for 2022. China Listed Company: Net Profit: Financial data is updated yearly, averaging 1,168.013 RMB bn from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,421.360 RMB bn in 2023 and a record low of 1.967 RMB bn in 2001. China Listed Company: Net Profit: Financial data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Securities Regulatory Commission. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OZ: Financial Data of Listed Company: Net Profit.

Total Social Financing in China increased to 22900 CNY Hundred Million in May from 11600 CNY Hundred Million in April of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China Total Social Financing.

Graph and download economic data for People 15 Years and Over Borrowing from a Financial Institution in the Past Year for China (DDAI07CNA156NWDB) from 2011 to 2021 about adult, borrowings, finance companies, companies, finance, China, and financial.

Graph and download economic data for Geographical Outreach: Number of Institutions, Other Financial Corporations, Other Financial Intermediaries for China, P.R.: Mainland (CHNFCIOFMNUM) from 2006 to 2016 about intermediaries, finance companies, companies, finance, China, and financial.