In 2024, the gross domestic product (GDP) of China amounted to around 18.7 trillion U.S. dollars. In comparison to the GDP of the other BRIC countries India, Russia and Brazil, China came first that year and second in the world GDP ranking. The stagnation of China's GDP in U.S. dollar terms in 2022 and 2023 was mainly due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar. China's real GDP growth was 3.1 percent in 2022 and 5.4 percent in 2023. In 2024, per capita GDP in China reached around 13,300 U.S. dollars. Economic performance in China Gross domestic product (GDP) is a primary economic indicator. It measures the total value of all goods and services produced in an economy over a certain time period. China's economy used to grow quickly in the past, but the growth rate of China’s real GDP gradually slowed down in recent years, and year-on-year GDP growth is forecasted to range at only around four percent in the years after 2024. Since 2010, China has been the world’s second-largest economy, surpassing Japan.China’s emergence in the world’s economy has a lot to do with its status as the ‘world’s factory’. Since 2013, China is the largest export country in the world. Some argue that it is partly due to the undervalued Chinese currency. The Big Mac Index, a simplified and informal way to measure the purchasing power parity between different currencies, indicates that the Chinese currency yuan was roughly undervalued by 38 percent in 2024. GDP development Although the impressive economic development in China has led millions of people out of poverty, China is still not in the league of industrialized countries on the per capita basis. To name one example, the U.S. per capita economic output was more than six times as large as in China in 2024. Meanwhile, the Chinese society faces increased income disparities. The Gini coefficient of China, a widely used indicator of economic inequality, has been larger than 0.45 over the last decade, whereas 0.40 is the warning level for social unrest.

Historical chart and dataset showing China GDP by year from 1960 to 2023.

The graph shows per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in China until 2024, with forecasts until 2030. In 2024, per capita GDP reached around 13,300 U.S. dollars in China. That year, the overall GDP of China had amounted to 18.7 trillion U.S. dollars. Per capita GDP in China Gross domestic product is a commonly-used economic indicator for measuring the state of a country's economy. GDP is the total market value of goods and services produced in a country within a given period of time, usually a year. Per capita GDP is defined as the GDP divided by the total number of people in the country. This indicator is generally used to compare the economic prosperity of countries with varying population sizes.In 2010, China overtook Japan and became the world’s second-largest economy. As of 2024, it was the largest exporter and the second largest importer in the world. However, one reason behind its economic strength lies within its population size. China has to distribute its wealth among 1.4 billion people. By 2023, China's per capita GDP was only about one fourth as large as that of main industrialized countries. When compared to other emerging markets, China ranked second among BRIC countries in terms of GDP per capita. Future development According to projections by the IMF, per capita GDP in China will escalate from around 13,300 U.S. dollars in 2024 to 18,600 U.S. dollars in 2030. Major reasons for this are comparatively high economic growth rates combined with negative population growth. China's economic structure is also undergoing changes. A major trend lies in the shift from an industry-based to a service-based economy.

China gdp growth rate for 2023 was 5.20%, a 2.21% increase from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>China gdp growth rate for 2022 was <strong>2.99%</strong>, a <strong>5.46% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>China gdp growth rate for 2021 was <strong>8.45%</strong>, a <strong>6.21% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>China gdp growth rate for 2020 was <strong>2.24%</strong>, a <strong>3.71% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.

The graph shows China's share in global gross domestic product adjusted for purchasing-power-parity until 2024, with a forecast until 2030. In 2024, China's share was about 19.45 percent. China's global GDP share Due to the introduction of capitalist market principles in 1978, China's economic market began to show immense change and growth. China's real GDP growth ranged at 5.0 percent in 2024. China's per capita GDP is also expected to continue to grow, reaching 13,300 U.S. dollars in 2024. Comparatively, Luxembourg and Switzerland have some of the world’s largest GDP per capita with 141,100 U.S. dollars and 111,700 U.S. dollars, respectively, expected for 2025.China is the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world and is also among the largest manufacturing economies. The country also ranges among the world's largest agricultural producers and consumers. It relies heavily on intensive agricultural practices and is the world's largest producer of pigs, chickens, and eggs. Livestock production has been heavily emphasized since the mid-1970s. China’s chemical industry has also seen growth with a heavy focus on fertilizers, plastics, and synthetic fibers. China's use of chemical fertilizers amounted to approximately 50.2 million metric tons in 2023. GDP composition in China Industry and construction account for less than 40 percent of China's GDP. Some of the major industries include mining and ore processing, food processing, coal, machinery, textiles and apparel, and consumer products. Almost half of China's output is dedicated to investment purposes. However, as the country tends to support gross output, innovation, technological advancement, and even quality are often lacking.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in China expanded 1.10 percent in the second quarter of 2025 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides - China GDP Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2023, final consumption of the economy in China accounted for about 55.7 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP). The share of final consumption in the total GDP of China is expected to increase gradually in the upcoming years. Level of consumption in China Final consumption refers to the part of the GDP that is consumed, in contrast to what is invested or exported. In matured economies, final consumption often accounts for 70 or more percent of the total GDP. In developing countries, however, a significantly larger share may be spent on investments in infrastructure, real estate, and industrial capacities.Since its economic opening up, China was among the countries with the highest ratio of spending on investment and the lowest on consumption. Especially since 2000, China spent increasing amounts of money on infrastructure and housing, while the share spent on consumption dropped to an all-time low. This was not only related to China’s rapid economic ascendence, but also to a large working-age population and a low dependency ratio. Recent developments and outlook As the rate of returns on investment has dropped gradually since the global financial crisis in 2008, China is trying to shift to a more consumption-driven growth model. Accordingly, the share of final consumption has increased since 2010. Although this trend was interrupted by the coronavirus pandemic, it will most probably continue in the future. Lower demand for new infrastructure and housing, as well as an aging population, are the main drivers of this development.

China E-commerce: Business Turnover: Year to Date: Retail Sales data was reported at 15,228.700 RMB bn in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15,426.400 RMB bn for 2023. China E-commerce: Business Turnover: Year to Date: Retail Sales data is updated yearly, averaging 5,160.000 RMB bn from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2024, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15,426.400 RMB bn in 2023 and a record low of 125.700 RMB bn in 2008. China E-commerce: Business Turnover: Year to Date: Retail Sales data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Commerce. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Information and Communication Sector – Table CN.ICG: E-commerce: Market Size of Transaction.

A brief description of the provided GDP data for G20 & BRICS countries from 2008 to 2021 in five lines:

The data represents the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of G20 countries, a group of major economies, over a 15-year period from 2008 to 2022.

It shows the varying economic sizes of G20 nations, with China and the United States consistently having the largest GDP, while smaller economies like Argentina and South Africa have considerably smaller GDPs.

Notably, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had a significant impact, causing some countries' GDPs to contract temporarily before rebounding in 2021.

Japan, despite its size, experienced relatively stable GDP growth, while emerging economies like India and Indonesia demonstrated notable expansion over the years.

The European Union (EU) is not individually listed but represents a significant portion of the global economy, contributing to the overall global GDP figures.

This study is part of a quadrennial series designed to investigate the opinions and attitudes of the general public on matters related to foreign policy, and to define the parameters of public opinion within which decision-makers must operate. This public opinion study of the United States focused on respondents' opinions of the United States leadership role in the world and the challenges the country faces internationally and is comprised of two parts, the July 2008 and the September 2008 surveys. In particular, the July 2008 survey covers United States foreign policy, globalization, trade and immigration, the rise of China, and the United States-Japan relationship. Regarding United States foreign policy, respondents were asked to give their views on whether the United States should take an active part in world affairs, threats to vital interests in the next ten years, foreign policy goals, treaties and agreements, the United Nations and the United Nations Security Council, conflict between Christians and Muslims, and combating terrorism. Additional questions included whether respondents favored the United States having military bases in other countries, their opinions about justifications for the use of United States troops abroad, the Iraq War, nuclear weapons and nuclear fuel, and participants' views on several countries and world organizations. Regarding globalization, trade, and immigration, respondents gave their opinions on whether globalization is good or bad for the United States, lowering trade barriers, the trade practices of various countries, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), economic competitiveness of the United States economy, and the future of United States power and the next generation of Americans. In addition, on the topic of globalization and immigration, queries included the importance of Asia and Europe, the pace of globalization, fairness of income distribution, foreign investments in American companies, the level of legal immigration into the United States and whether or not immigration is good. Concerning the rise of China, respondents were asked to compare the size and potential of the United States and China economies and their implications, loans between the countries, how to deal with China's increase in power, and whether China or Japan is more important to the United States. On the subject of the United States-Japan relationship, participants gave their opinions regarding the amending of Japan's constitution to allow for a wider range of military activities, Japan's development of nuclear weapons, and what factors contribute to Japan's global influence. Part 2, the September 2008 survey, commissioned to gauge whether any substantial changes in attitudes occurred due to the financial crisis, repeated a subset of questions from the July 2008 survey and focused on respondents' attitudes toward trade and globalization. Demographic and other background information includes age, race, gender, marital status, religious affiliation, political party affiliation, employment status, education, household composition, type of housing, state of residence, and access to the Internet.

China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Wood and Wooden Product data was reported at 1,760.000 RMB mn in Dec 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,630.000 RMB mn for Nov 2008. China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Wood and Wooden Product data is updated monthly, averaging 500.000 RMB mn from Jan 2003 (Median) to Dec 2008, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,760.000 RMB mn in Dec 2008 and a record low of 40.000 RMB mn in Jan 2004. China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Wood and Wooden Product data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Consumer Goods and Services – Table CN.HA: Retail Sales of Consumer Goods: Above Designated Size Enterprise: by Commodity .

Foreign Direct Investment YoY in China decreased to -13.20 percent in May from -10.90 percent in April of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for China Foreign Direct Investment YoY.

China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Metal Material data was reported at 13,330.000 RMB mn in Dec 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 12,230.000 RMB mn for Nov 2008. China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Metal Material data is updated monthly, averaging 2,895.000 RMB mn from Jan 2003 (Median) to Dec 2008, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,330.000 RMB mn in Dec 2008 and a record low of 200.000 RMB mn in Jan 2003. China Commodity Retail: Year to Date: Metal Material data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Consumer Goods and Services – Table CN.HA: Retail Sales of Consumer Goods: Above Designated Size Enterprise: by Commodity .

The statistic shows the gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. The gross domestic product of the United States in 2024 amounted to around 29.18 trillion U.S. dollars. The United States and the economy The United States’ economy is by far the largest in the world; a status which can be determined by several key factors, one being gross domestic product: A look at the GDP of the main industrialized and emerging countries shows a significant difference between US GDP and the GDP of China, the runner-up in the ranking, as well as the followers Japan, Germany and France. Interestingly, it is assumed that China will have surpassed the States in terms of GDP by 2030, but for now, the United States is among the leading countries in almost all other relevant rankings and statistics, trade and employment for example. See the U.S. GDP growth rate here. Just like in other countries, the American economy suffered a severe setback when the economic crisis occurred in 2008. The American economy entered a recession caused by the collapsing real estate market and increasing unemployment. Despite this, the standard of living is considered quite high; life expectancy in the United States has been continually increasing slightly over the past decade, the unemployment rate in the United States has been steadily recovering and decreasing since the crisis, and the Big Mac Index, which represents the global prices for a Big Mac, a popular indicator for the purchasing power of an economy, shows that the United States’ purchasing power in particular is only slightly lower than that of the euro area.

Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Ningxia data was reported at 0.468 RMB bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.059 RMB bn for 2007. Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Ningxia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.156 RMB bn from Dec 1999 (Median) to 2008, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.468 RMB bn in 2008 and a record low of 0.000 RMB bn in 2006. Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Ningxia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Wholesale, Retail and Catering Sector – Table CN.RJA: Wholesale and Retail Sales: Above Designated Size Enterprise: Govt Control Enterprise: Wholesale: Exports.

China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: Domestic Funded data was reported at 1,260.234 RMB bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 992.746 RMB bn for 2007. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: Domestic Funded data is updated yearly, averaging 459.993 RMB bn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2008, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,260.234 RMB bn in 2008 and a record low of 376.026 RMB bn in 1999. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: Domestic Funded data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Wholesale, Retail and Catering Sector – Table CN.RJA: Wholesale and Retail Sales: Above Designated Size Enterprise.

Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Hunan data was reported at 3.450 RMB bn in 2008. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.691 RMB bn for 2007. Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Hunan data is updated yearly, averaging 5.646 RMB bn from Dec 1999 (Median) to 2008, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.876 RMB bn in 2002 and a record low of 3.450 RMB bn in 2008. Wholesale & Retail Sales: Govt: Wholesale: Export: Hunan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Wholesale, Retail and Catering Sector – Table CN.RJA: Wholesale and Retail Sales: Above Designated Size Enterprise: Govt Control Enterprise: Wholesale: Exports.

China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports data was reported at 1,383.750 RMB bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,115.437 RMB bn for 2007. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 470.244 RMB bn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2008, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,383.750 RMB bn in 2008 and a record low of 376.467 RMB bn in 1999. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Wholesale, Retail and Catering Sector – Table CN.RJA: Wholesale and Retail Sales: Above Designated Size Enterprise: Wholesale: Exports.

The gross domestic product of the United Kingdom was around 2.56 trillion British pounds, an increase when compared to the previous year, when UK GDP amounted to about 2.54 trillion pounds. The significant drop in GDP visible in 2020 was due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the smaller declines in 2008 and 2009 because of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s. Low growth problem in the UK Despite growing by 0.9 percent in 2024, and 0.4 percent in 2023 the UK economy is not that much larger than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic. Since recovering from a huge fall in GDP in the second quarter of 2020, the UK economy has alternated between periods of contraction and low growth, with the UK even in a recession at the end of 2023. While economic growth picked up somewhat in 2024, GDP per capita is lower than it was in 2022, following two years of negative growth. UK's global share of GDP falling As of 2024, the UK had the sixth-largest economy in the world, behind the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India. Among European nations, this meant that the UK currently has the second-largest economy in Europe, although the economy of France, Europe's third-largest economy, is of a similar size. The UK's global economic ranking will likely fall in the coming years, however, with the UK's share of global GDP expected to fall from 2.16 percent in 2025 to 2.02 percent by 2029.  

China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: HK, Macau & Taiwan data was reported at 15.313 RMB bn in 2008. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.137 RMB bn for 2007. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: HK, Macau & Taiwan data is updated yearly, averaging 1.261 RMB bn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2008, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.313 RMB bn in 2008 and a record low of 0.015 RMB bn in 1999. China Wholesale & Retail Sales: Wholesale: Exports: HK, Macau & Taiwan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Wholesale, Retail and Catering Sector – Table CN.RJA: Wholesale and Retail Sales: Above Designated Size Enterprise.