Business Confidence in China increased to 49.70 points in June from 49.50 points in May of 2025. This dataset provides - China Business Confidence - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Industrial Production in China increased 6.80 percent in June of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - China Industrial Production - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity data was reported at 50.400 % in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 50.800 % for Mar 2025. China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 54.400 % from Jan 2007 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 220 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.200 % in May 2007 and a record low of 29.600 % in Feb 2020. China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing.

China PMI: Real Estate: Business Activity data was reported at 53.000 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 52.700 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Real Estate: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 52.850 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 61.000 % in May 2009 and a record low of 38.670 % in Feb 2008. China PMI: Real Estate: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Real Estate.

In June 2025, the Purchasing Leader Index (PLI) in China resided at about **** percent. An indicator of the economic health of the manufacturing sector, the PLI is based on five major indicators: new orders, inventory levels, production, supplier deliveries, and the employment environment. An index value above 50 percent indicates a positive development in the industrial sector, whereas a value below 50 percent indicates a negative situation. The PLI as a major economic indicator The Purchasing Leader Index was first introduced by the US-based Institute of Supply Management in 1948. It has become one of the most widely used and closely watched indicators of business activities worldwide. The PLI is not only an apt indicator for manufacturing growth, it also supports interest rate decisions of central bank institutions. PLI figures around the globe were dominated by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. In the Euro area, the PLI recovered from a considerable drop in April 2020, regaining pre-crisis level in June. In the United States, the monthly PLI indicated an even better improvement from low values in April and March. Recent PLI development in China As is shown in the graph at hand, the PLI of China as the world’s second-largest economy dropped considerably in February 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. In March, the index indicated a striking rebound and ranged at a level slightly above 50 index points afterwards. During 2021, the index was characterized by a slightly downward trend. In 2022, the index displayed an unstable development with two significant dips in April and December, finally concluding with a strong rebound in January 2023. The non-manufacturing PLI in China displayed a similar development.

China PMI: Construction: Business Activity data was reported at 51.900 % in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 53.400 % for Mar 2025. China PMI: Construction: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 59.250 % from May 2009 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 158 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.300 % in May 2009 and a record low of 26.600 % in Feb 2020. China PMI: Construction: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Construction.

Manufacturing Production in China increased 7.40 percent in June of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - China Manufacturing Production- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

China PMI: Construction Installation: Business Activity data was reported at 66.700 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 61.900 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Construction Installation: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 53.630 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80.000 % in Apr 2008 and a record low of 27.500 % in Feb 2008. China PMI: Construction Installation: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Construction Installation.

In April 2025, the non-manufacturing Purchasing Leader Index (PLI) in China ranged at 50.4 points, down from 50.8 points in the previous month. The index for the expectation of business activities ranged at 56 points that month.

The statistic shows the distribution of the workforce across economic sectors in China from 2014 to 2024. In 2024, around 22.2 percent of the workforce were employed in the agricultural sector, 29 percent in the industrial sector and 48.8 percent in the service sector. In 2022, the share of agriculture had increased for the first time in more than two decades, which highlights the difficult situation of the labor market due to the pandemic and economic downturn at the end of the year. Distribution of the workforce in China In 2012, China became the largest exporting country worldwide with an export value of about two trillion U.S. dollars. China’s economic system is largely based on growth and export, with the manufacturing sector being a crucial contributor to the country’s export competitiveness. Economic development was accompanied by a steady rise of labor costs, as well as a significant slowdown in labor force growth. These changes present a serious threat to the era of China as the world’s factory. The share of workforce in agriculture also steadily decreased in China until 2021, while the agricultural gross production value displayed continuous growth, amounting to approximately 7.8 trillion yuan in 2021. Development of the service sector Since 2011, the largest share of China’s labor force has been employed in the service sector. However, compared with developed countries, such as Japan or the United States, where 73 and 79 percent of the work force were active in services in 2023 respectively, the proportion of people working in the tertiary sector in China has been relatively low. The Chinese government aims to continue economic reform by moving from an emphasis on investment to consumption, among other measures. This might lead to a stronger service economy. Meanwhile, the size of the urban middle class in China is growing steadily. A growing number of affluent middle class consumers could promote consumption and help China move towards a balanced economy.

China PMI: Catering: Business Activity data was reported at 59.400 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 38.400 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Catering: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 54.710 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.290 % in Feb 2008 and a record low of 32.610 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Catering: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Catering.

Wages in Manufacturing in China increased to 103932 CNY/Year in 2023 from 97528 CNY/Year in 2022. This dataset provides - China Average Yearly Wages in Manufacturing - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

According to preliminary data, the agricultural sector contributed around 6.8 percent to the gross domestic product (GDP) of China in 2024, whereas 36.5 percent of the economic value added originated from the industrial sector and 54.6 percent from the service sector, respectively. The total GDP of China at current prices amounted to approximately 134.91 trillion yuan in 2024. Economic development in China The gross domestic product (GDP) serves as a primary indicator to measure the economic performance of a country or a region. It is generally defined as the monetary value of all finished goods and services produced within a country in a specific period of time. It includes all of private and public spending, government spending, investments, and net exports which are calculated as total exports minus imports. In other words, GDP represents the size of the economy.With its national economy growing at an exceptional annual growth rate of above nine percent for three decades in succession, China had become the worlds’ second largest economy by 2010, surpassing all other economies but the United States. Even though China's GDP growth has cooled down in recent years, its economy still expanded at roughly two times the pace of the United States in 2024. Breakdown of GDP in China When compared to other developed countries, the proportions of agriculture and industry in China's GDP are significantly higher. Even though agriculture is a major industry in the United States, it only accounted for about one percent of the economy in 2023. While the service sector contributed to more than 70 percent of the economy in most developed countries, it's share was considerably lower in China. This was not only due to China's lower development level, but also to the country’s focus on manufacturing and export. However, as the future limitations of this growth model become more and more apparent, China is trying to shift it's economic focus to the high-tech and service sectors. Accordingly, growth rates of the service sector have been considerably higher than in industry and agriculture in the years before the spread of the coronavirus pandemic.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Activity data was reported at 72.600 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 57.400 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Activity data is updated monthly, averaging 59.150 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 79.570 % in Jan 2009 and a record low of 28.260 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Activity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity: State Owned Enterprise data was reported at 54.700 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 51.800 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity: State Owned Enterprise data is updated monthly, averaging 57.530 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.150 % in Apr 2008 and a record low of 43.040 % in Feb 2008. China PMI: Non Mfg: Business Activity: State Owned Enterprise data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing.

Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing Market Outlook

The global artificial intelligence (AI) in manufacturing market size was estimated at USD 3.8 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 30.2 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.3% during the forecast period. This impressive growth is driven by the increasing adoption of AI technologies across various manufacturing processes, which aim to enhance efficiency, reduce operational costs, and improve product quality.

The primary growth factor for the AI in manufacturing market is the increasing need for automation to cope with complex manufacturing processes. Industries are progressively recognizing the potential of AI to streamline operations, optimize resource utilization, and facilitate real-time decision-making. By integrating AI, manufacturers can address challenges such as labor shortages, fluctuating demand, and stringent quality standards. Moreover, the ability of AI to predict equipment failures and maintenance requirements before they occur significantly enhances the operational lifespan of machinery, thus reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

Another significant growth driver is the rising adoption of smart manufacturing practices. The concept of Industry 4.0, which envisions the smart factory where cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes, has been instrumental in promoting the use of AI. Advanced AI technologies, such as machine learning and computer vision, are being employed to achieve higher levels of automation and data exchange, resulting in improved productivity and operational efficiency. Additionally, the integration of AI with the Internet of Things (IoT) further amplifies the benefits by enabling real-time data collection, analysis, and actionable insights.

Investment in AI research and development by key players is also propelling market growth. Companies are increasingly allocating budgets to develop AI-powered solutions tailored for the manufacturing sector. These solutions range from predictive maintenance systems and quality control algorithms to autonomous robots and production planning tools. The ongoing innovation and continuous improvement of AI technologies ensure that manufacturers have access to cutting-edge tools that can transform their production processes.

Manufacturing Predictive Analytics is becoming an integral part of the AI in manufacturing landscape. By leveraging vast amounts of data collected from various manufacturing processes, predictive analytics enables manufacturers to foresee potential issues and optimize operations proactively. This approach not only helps in anticipating equipment failures but also in predicting demand fluctuations and optimizing inventory levels. The integration of predictive analytics with AI technologies enhances decision-making capabilities, allowing manufacturers to respond swiftly to changing market conditions and customer demands. As a result, predictive analytics is playing a crucial role in driving efficiency and competitiveness in the manufacturing sector.

In terms of regional outlook, North America is expected to dominate the AI in manufacturing market, owing to the early adoption of advanced technologies and the presence of major technology vendors. The U.S., in particular, is a key contributor to market growth due to its robust manufacturing sector and extensive R&D activities. Europe is also anticipated to witness significant growth, driven by the increasing focus on smart manufacturing and government initiatives to support digital transformation in industries. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is poised to register the highest CAGR, fueled by rapid industrialization, the expansion of manufacturing activities, and supportive government policies in countries like China and India.

Component Analysis

The AI in manufacturing market is segmented by component into hardware, software, and services. The hardware segment includes AI chips, sensors, and other essential devices that enable the functioning of AI systems. The increasing demand for powerful and efficient hardware solutions, capable of handling complex algorithms and large volumes of data, is a significant factor driving the growth of this segment. Additionally, continuous advancements in AI-specific hardware, such as GPUs and TPUs, are expected to further boost the adoption of AI in manufacturing.

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Abstract

This research was carried out in China between December 2011 and February 2013. Data was collected from 2,700 privately-owned and 148 state-owned firms.

The objective of Enterprise Surveys is to obtain feedback from businesses on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

Usually Enterprise Surveys focus only on private companies, but in China, a special sample of fully state-owned establishments was included as this is an important part of the economy. Data on 148 state-owned enterprises is provided separately from the data of 2,700 private sector firms. To maintain comparability of the China Enterprise Surveys to surveys conducted in other countries, only the dataset of privately sector firms should be used.

Geographic coverage

Twenty-five metro areas: Beijing (municipalities), Chengdu City, Dalian City, Dongguan City, Foshan City, Guangzhou City, Hangzhou City, Hefei City, Jinan City, Luoyang City, Nanjing City, Nantong City, Ningbo City, Qingdao City, Shanghai (municipalities), Shenyang City, Shenzhen City, Shijiazhuang City, Suzhou City, Tangshan City, Wenzhou City, Wuhan City, Wuxi City, Yantai City, Zhengzhou City.

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is an establishment.The establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The whole population, or universe of the study, is the non-agricultural economy of firms with at least 5 employees and positive amounts of private ownership. The non-agricultural economy comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the group classification of ISIC Revision 3.1: (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample for China ES was selected using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region.

Industry stratification was designed in the following way: the universe was stratified into 11 manufacturing industries and 7 services industries as defined in the sampling manual. Each manufacturing industry had a target of 150 interviews. Sample sizes were inflated by about 20% to account for potential non-response cases when requesting sensitive financial data and also because of likely attrition in future surveys that would affect the construction of a panel. Note that 100% government owned firms are categorized independently of their industrial classification. The 148 surveyed state-owned enterprises were categorized as a separate sector group to preserve the representativeness of other sector groupings for the private economy.

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the rollout: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees). For stratification purposes, the number of employees was defined on the basis of reported permanent full-time workers. This seems to be an appropriate definition of the labor force since seasonal/casual/part-time employment is not a common practice, except in the sectors of construction and agriculture.

Regional stratification was defined in twenty-five metro areas: Beijing (municipalities), Chengdu City, Dalian City, Dongguan City, Foshan City, Guangzhou City, Hangzhou City, Hefei City, Jinan City, Luoyang City, Nanjing City, Nantong City, Ningbo City, Qingdao City, Shanghai (municipalities), Shenyang City, Shenzhen City, Shijiazhuang City, Suzhou City, Tangshan City, Wenzhou City, Wuhan City, Wuxi City, Yantai City, Zhengzhou City.

The sample frame was obtained by SunFaith from SinoTrust.

The enumerated establishments were then used as the frame for the selection of a sample with the aim of obtaining interviews at 3,000 establishments with five or more employees. The quality of the frame was assessed at the onset of the project through calls to a random subset of firms and local contractor knowledge. The sample frame was not immune from the typical problems found in establishment surveys: positive rates of non-eligibility, repetition, non-existent units, etc.

Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments are needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 31% (6,485 out of 20,616 establishments).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The following survey instruments are available: - Services Questionnaire, - Manufacturing Questionnaire, - Screener Questionnaire.

The Services Questionnaire is administered to the establishments in the services sector. The Manufacturing Questionnaire is built upon the Services Questionnaire and adds specific questions relevant to manufacturing.

The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Cleaning operations

Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate

The number of contacted establishments per realized interview was 7.24. This number is the result of two factors: explicit refusals to participate in the survey, as reflected by the rate of rejection (which includes rejections of the screener and the main survey) and the quality of the sample frame, as represented by the presence of ineligible units. The number of rejections per contact was 0.55.

Item non-response was addressed by two strategies: a- For sensitive questions that may generate negative reactions from the respondent, such as corruption or tax evasion, enumerators were instructed to collect the refusal to respond as a different option from don’t know. b- Establishments with incomplete information were re-contacted in order to complete this information, whenever necessary.

Survey non-response was addressed by maximizing efforts to contact establishments that were initially selected for interview. Attempts were made to contact the establishment for interview at different times/days of the week before a replacement establishment (with similar strata characteristics) was suggested for interview. Survey non-response did occur but substitutions were made in order to potentially achieve strata-specific goals.

China is one of the largest manufacturing countries and consumers of building construction equipment in the world. Revenue for the Construction Equipment Manufacturing industry is expected to increase at an annualized 9.3% over the five years through 2024, to $119.7 billion. The industry has developed rapidly in the past few years.The market size of the industry is large, but the competition is also fierce. The market concentration of the industry has gradually decreased in recent years. The Government encourages the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, helps them introduce new production technology and financial support, thus reducing industry concentration. The number of enterprises increases by 2.4% on average over the five years through 2024. To increase market share and improve competitiveness, large enterprises actively expand overseas markets.Industry profit is expected to total 7.2% of revenue in 2024. In the past few years, due to the continuous development of technology, the added value of the industry's products has increased, thus boosting the profit margin. The proportion of wage costs in the industry has dropped over the past few years as many enterprises have introduced automated production lines. However, the industry needs to hire more high-tech personnel to operate production machinery in the future. Total wages are expected to rise by an annualized 2.8% over the five years through 2024 to $2,744.3 million. Due to the continuous innovation of manufacturing technology of domestic enterprises, the industry's dependence on competing imports has decreased. Over the past five years, the annualized rate of imports has declined by 9.3%. The exports have grown rapidly in the past few years, mainly due to technological advances and the increase in construction projects with foreign cooperation. Exports are expected to grow at an average rate of 3.2% in the next five years. Industry revenue is expected to increase an annualized 5.5% over the five years through 2029 to total $156.1 billion. This growth will be driven by the Chinese Government's continued investment in construction, water conservation and infrastructure projects.

The revenue of the Powdered Beverage Manufacturing industry in China is expected to rise at an annualized 4.5% over the five years through 2024. This trend includes growth of 4.7% in the current year. The industry competition is intensified. The number of enterprises will increase at 1.7% on average while the number of establishments will increase at 1.9% on average in the next five years.In recent years, with the increase of per capita income and the change of consumer behavior, the consumption level has been rising. The relative proportion of young people in the total market of major consumer groups continued to increase. Consumer preferences for healthier products and greater variety in product types have supported the development of the medium- and high-end products. Stricter food regulations will be implemented to regulate the industry operations and ensure the safety of powdered beverages. Both producers and consumers will pay more attention to food safety.Rising production efficiency, increasing income levels, and improving product quality are projected to drive growth over the next five years. Industry revenue is forecast to rise at an annualized 3.4% over the five years through 2029. Additionally, the top four players in the industry will account for a joint market share of 22.9% in 2024. M&A activities in the Powdered Beverage Manufacturing industry in China will become more frequent. The industry companies will increasingly use automated equipment to complete repetitive tasks in the producing process to improve production efficiency and reduce human errors.

Revenue for the Industrial Gas and Basic Chemical Manufacturing industry in China is expected to grow at an annualized 8.5% over the five years through 2024, including an increase of 4.5% in the current year, to reach $135.2 billion. As the industry produces a range of chemical raw materials, its performance is largely determined by the activities of downstream manufacturing industries.Over the past five years, growth rates have varied widely among product segments. The industrial gases segment has grown rapidly, while market conditions for basic chemical have fluctuated dramatically. Industrial gas is widely used in fields of steel smelting, petroleum processing, welding and metal processing, aerospace, automobile and transportation equipment, etc. The development of those industries in China has greatly promoted the development of the domestic industrial gas industry. The industrial gases manufacturing segment has a relatively short history in China, and its share of industry revenue is expected to continue rising as its commercial applications increase.Basic chemical covers a wide range of metal and non-metal oxides, peroxides, and simple substances. There are hundreds of sub-categories. There are a large number of chemical enterprises in the industry, but small in scale, and they generally produce several categories of products in related fields. The largest proportion of companies in the industry consists of small companies that employ fewer than 100 workers.Industry revenue is forecast to grow at an annualized rate of 5.5% over the five years through 2029, to reach $176.4 billion. Fueled by the strong performance of China's manufacturing sector, the industry will continue to grow strongly. Industry profitability is also anticipated to increase as firms develop higher value-added products and implement more efficient production methods. Private enterprises are forecast to continue to be particularly active in the industrial gases and hydrogen peroxide segments due to high efficiencies, flexibility and profit. In the yellow phosphorus segment, state-owned enterprises are projected to maintain their dominant position, as most phosphate mines are operated and controlled by the government.