In July 2025, the exchange rate of yuan to U.S. dollar was ****. In the past decades, the yuan has undergone a slow liberalization, being increasingly exposed to the international money market. FOREX history of the Renminbi After the Communist Party took control over China, it introduced a unified currency which has since then undergone many changes. During the planned economy, the yuan had a fixed exchange rate. At the time, the currency’s exchange rate was deliberately set high to support the industrial development, which relied on imports. After the country committed to opening its economy, the Renminbi was gradually exposed to the supply and demand of the global FOREX markets. Until 2005, the yuan remained pegged to the U.S. dollar. Currency manipulator, or not? As China manifested its role in the global economy, the country was repeatedly accused of manipulating the value of its currency. Especially, voices from the United States claimed that Beijing would intentionally keep the value of the yuan low. A cheap Renminbi would make products from China more attractive for foreign buyers which in turn would support the country’s export-driven economy. However, currency manipulation is difficult to make out and even harder to prove, which is why no significant actions have been taken.

The USD/CNY exchange rate fell to 7.1250 on September 5, 2025, down 0.15% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Chinese Yuan has strengthened 0.81%, but it's down by 0.49% over the last 12 months. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on September of 2025.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 2 Year data was reported at 3.450 % pa in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.488 % pa for Mar 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 2 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 4.415 % pa from Jan 2021 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.915 % pa in Mar 2021 and a record low of 3.450 % pa in Apr 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 2 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 4 Year data was reported at 1.491 % pa in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.691 % pa for Mar 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 4 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 3.470 % pa from Jan 2008 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 181 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.747 % pa in Jan 2014 and a record low of 1.430 % pa in Dec 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 4 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 1 Year data was reported at 1.225 % pa in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.700 % pa for Mar 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 1 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 2.344 % pa from Mar 2007 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.170 % pa in Jan 2014 and a record low of 0.660 % pa in Jan 2009. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 1 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

Learn about CFETS, China's platform for RMB trading, benchmarks like SHIBOR and LPR, and post-trade services across cash and derivatives markets.

Provide relevant indicators for the economic and trade exchanges between Mainland China and Taiwan for the reference of the general public.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Day Interbank Repo Fixing Rate: Depository Institution: 3 Month data was reported at 1.567 % pa in Aug 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.600 % pa for Jul 2022. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Day Interbank Repo Fixing Rate: Depository Institution: 3 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 1.583 % pa from Jul 2022 (Median) to Aug 2022, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.600 % pa in Jul 2022 and a record low of 1.567 % pa in Aug 2022. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Day Interbank Repo Fixing Rate: Depository Institution: 3 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year LPR: 1 Year data was reported at 2.984 % pa in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.049 % pa for Mar 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year LPR: 1 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 3.697 % pa from Jan 2021 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.985 % pa in Mar 2021 and a record low of 2.984 % pa in Apr 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year LPR: 1 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Week SHIBOR: 3 Month data was reported at 1.005 % pa in Mar 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.460 % pa for Jul 2008. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Week SHIBOR: 3 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 3.475 % pa from Dec 2007 (Median) to Mar 2009, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.680 % pa in Jun 2008 and a record low of 1.005 % pa in Mar 2009. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Week SHIBOR: 3 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 9 Month data was reported at 1.710 % pa in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.828 % pa for Mar 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 9 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 3.009 % pa from Feb 2008 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 191 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.663 % pa in Jan 2014 and a record low of 1.345 % pa in Apr 2009. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 9 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

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ETF Market Size 2025-2029

The ETF market size is forecast to increase by USD 17.94 billion at a CAGR of 20.2% between 2024 and 2029.

The market continues to experience robust growth, with increasing institutional adoption and investor preference for cost-effective, diversified investment solutions. One of the key drivers propelling this market forward is the expansion of bond ETFs, blockchains which now account for over one-third of the total assets under management. This trend is expected to persist, as fixed income securities offer attractive yields in the current low-interest-rate environment. However, the market is not without its challenges. A significant concern is the potential for transaction risks, particularly in illiquid securities. This risk can lead to price discrepancies between the ETF's net asset value and its market price, potentially resulting in losses for investors.
Additionally, market volatility and sudden price movements can exacerbate these risks, making it crucial for market participants to closely monitor market conditions and adjust their strategies accordingly. Companies seeking to capitalize on the growth opportunities in the market while mitigating transaction risks may consider focusing on liquid securities and implementing robust risk management strategies.

What will be the Size of the ETF Market during the forecast period?

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The exchange-traded fund (ETF) market continues to evolve, integrating advanced technologies and applications across various sectors. Machine learning algorithms enhance the investment process, enabling more precise index construction in fixed income ETFs. Currency ETFs leverage technology to offer real-time exposure to foreign exchange markets. Small businesses benefit from scalability and affordability, with increasing numbers turning to ETFs for diversified investment opportunities. Service providers and financial institutions collaborate to ensure financial market stability, offering innovative solutions for passive investing strategies, including index funds and index mutual funds.
The integration of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology further enhances ETF offerings, reducing transaction costs and improving security. The ongoing unfolding of market activities reveals evolving patterns in trade finance, international trade, and asset management. ETFs continue to adapt, providing investors with efficient and cost-effective investment vehicles.

How is this ETF Industry segmented?

The etf industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Fixed income ETF
  Equity ETF
  Commodity ETF
  Real estate ETF
  Others


Product Type

  Large cap ETFs
  Mega cap ETFs
  Mid cap ETFs
  Small cap ETFs


End-User

  Retail Investors
  Institutional Investors


Investment Type

  Active
  Passive


Distribution Channel

  Brokerage Platforms
  Direct Sales


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Switzerland
    The Netherlands
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The fixed income etf segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the dynamic securities markets of 2024, the fixed income Exchange-traded fund (ETF) emerged as a leading investment choice. This type of ETF, which invests in various fixed-income securities like corporate, municipal, and treasury bonds, is traded on a centralized stock exchange. In contrast, most corporate bonds are sold through bond brokers, limiting bond buyers' exposure to the stock exchange. Fixed income ETFs, however, provide extensive exposure, enabling investors to participate in the stock exchange's activity. These ETFs employ various technologies, such as Optical Character Recognition and Machine Learning, to ensure efficient trade processing and risk management.

Additionally, the integration of Blockchain technology enhances security and transparency. Fixed income ETFs cater to diverse investor needs, including small businesses seeking scalability and financial institutions aiming for financial market stability. The market offers various categories, such as Government Bond ETFs, which invest in government securities, and Currency ETFs, which provide exposure to foreign currencies. Furthermore, Real Estate ETFs, Commodity ETFs, and Alternative Trading Funds expand the investment universe. Service providers play a crucial role in facilitating these investment solutions, ensuring affordability through passive investing strategies and competitive transaction costs. Trade agreements and internati

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Time Deposit Rate: 9 Year data was reported at 4.080 % pa in May 2007. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Time Deposit Rate: 9 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 4.080 % pa from May 2007 (Median) to May 2007, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.080 % pa in May 2007 and a record low of 4.080 % pa in May 2007. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Time Deposit Rate: 9 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 4 Year data was reported at 4.500 % pa in Jul 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.780 % pa for Feb 2022. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 4 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 4.640 % pa from Feb 2022 (Median) to Jul 2022, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.780 % pa in Feb 2022 and a record low of 4.500 % pa in Jul 2022. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 5 Year LPR: 4 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 10 Year data was reported at 1.955 % pa in Nov 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.283 % pa for Jun 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 10 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 2.997 % pa from Dec 2021 (Median) to Nov 2024, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.500 % pa in Mar 2023 and a record low of 1.955 % pa in Nov 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 10 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 7 Year data was reported at 2.127 % pa in Jul 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.395 % pa for Apr 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 7 Year data is updated monthly, averaging 2.800 % pa from Oct 2021 (Median) to Jul 2024, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.415 % pa in Feb 2023 and a record low of 2.127 % pa in Jul 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 7 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 10 Year GB: 1 Month data was reported at 1.800 % pa in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.300 % pa for Apr 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 10 Year GB: 1 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 2.760 % pa from May 2021 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.100 % pa in May 2021 and a record low of 1.800 % pa in Dec 2024. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 10 Year GB: 1 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Lending Rate: 6 Month data was reported at 7.850 % pa in 03 Sep 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.360 % pa for 05 Jul 2013. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Lending Rate: 6 Month data is updated daily, averaging 6.752 % pa from Jun 2011 (Median) to 03 Sep 2013, with 146 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.640 % pa in 29 May 2012 and a record low of 3.945 % pa in 25 Apr 2013. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 1 Year Lending Rate: 6 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate: Daily.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 6 Month data was reported at 1.741 % pa in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.880 % pa for Mar 2025. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 6 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 3.068 % pa from Apr 2007 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 202 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.663 % pa in Jan 2014 and a record low of 1.250 % pa in Mar 2009. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: 3 Month SHIBOR: 6 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.

China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 6 Month data was reported at 1.217 % pa in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.879 % pa for Oct 2023. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 6 Month data is updated monthly, averaging 2.450 % pa from Jul 2007 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 100 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.300 % pa in Feb 2018 and a record low of 1.040 % pa in Jun 2009. China IRS: Fixed Interest Rate: Overnight SHIBOR: 6 Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MG: National Interbank Funding Centre (NIFC): Interest Rate Swap: Fixed Interest Rate.