The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

China recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 88.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - China Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• China Government debt accounted for 27.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 26.5 % in the previous quarter.
• China government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2014 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 27.6 % in Jun 2025 and a record low of 14.0 % in Mar 2014.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, China National Government Debt reached 4,736.4 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 4,953.4 USD bn in Sep 2025.

In 2024, total debt of nonfinancial sectors in China have grown to around ***** percent of the domestic gross domestic product (GDP). Over the last two decades, China's total debt increased by one of the fastest paces among major economies in the world.

Key information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• China External Debt accounted for 12.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 13.4 % in the previous year.
• China External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1985 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 16.7 % in Dec 2014 and a record low of 5.1 % in Dec 1985.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange provides External Debt in USD. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of China, Current Account recorded a surplus of 195.6 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 8.5 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• China Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 39.9 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 8.3 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 2,436,751.9 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 4,953.4 USD bn in Sep 2025.

Households Debt in China increased to 60.10 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 60 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - China Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the total debt of nonfinancial sectors in China have grown to around ***** percent of the domestic gross domestic product (GDP). Private households had accumulated a total debt of ** percent of the GDP that year.

Historical dataset showing China debt to gdp ratio by year from N/A to N/A.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) Government debt accounted for 49.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 50.2 % in the previous year.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Mar 2003 to Mar 2024.

*This indicator will be no longer available from March 2026, 4th onwards. CEIC has a plan to remove the non-standard frequency indicator after the standard frequency indicator has been added and be available on this table. CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Treasury provides Government Debt in local currency. Census and Statistics Department provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Provision for pensions, Bonds and Notes issued and Other Liabilities. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt reached 190.1 USD bn in Mar 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 109.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for China (GGGDTACNA188N) from 1995 to 2024 about China, debt, gross, and government.

Key information about Macau SAR (China) Household Debt: % of GDP

• Macau SAR (China) household debt accounted for 80.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 81.2 % in the previous quarter.
• Macau SAR (China) household debt to GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2001 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 166.4 % in Dec 2022 and a record low of 17.0 % in Dec 2006.

CEIC calculates quarterly Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Household Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Monetary Authority of Macao provides Household Debt in local currency. Statistics and Census Service provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics.


Related information about Macau SAR (China) Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Macau SAR (China) Household Debt reached 42.0 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Money Supply M2 in Macau SAR (China) increased 8.0 % YoY in Dec 2024.
• Macau SAR (China) Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 30.0 USD bn in Jan 2025.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 22.3 Months of Import in Jan 2025.
• Macau SAR (China) Domestic Credit reached 31.7 USD bn in Nov 2024, representing an drop of 11.1 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 5.5 % in Nov 2024, compared with the ratio of 5.4 % in the previous month.

Household debt to GDP, in percent in China, March, 2025 The most recent value is 60.1 percent as of March 2025, an increase compared to the previous value of 60 percent. Historically, the average for China from March 2006 to March 2025 is 39.41 percent. The minimum of 10.7 percent was recorded in June 2006, while the maximum of 60.9 percent was reached in March 2024. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

In 2024, the gross government debt of China amounted to an estimated ** percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), compared to ** percent for Russia. For China, this was an increase over 2001 levels, when the gross government debt amounted to ** percent of the country's GDP. Russia, on the other hand, has reduced this figure from 2001 levels, when gross government debt was ** percent of the country's GDP.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) External Debt: % of GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) External Debt accounted for 467.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 483.4 % in the previous year.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2001 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 518.4 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 218.2 % in Dec 2002.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Census and Statistics Department provides External Debt in local currency based on BPM6 and Nominal GDP in local currency. External Debt prior to 2002 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Hong Kong SAR (China), Current Account recorded a surplus of 12.3 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 36.0 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 25.0 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 8.5 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 1,969,904.2 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 109.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.

As of the first quarter 2019, the ratio of debt owed by the government to GDP in China was at ** percent, an increase from **** percent compared to the the same period of the previous year. In economics, the ratio between a country’s government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio.

This statistic shows the national debt of important industrial and emerging countries in 2024 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). In 2024, the national debt of China was at about 88.33 percent of the gross domestic product.

The statistic shows Japan's national debt from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the national debt of Japan amounted to about 236.1 percent of the gross domestic product. An eye on Japan’s national debt Japan’s national debt ranks first among countries with the highest debt levels in the world, far surpassing the debt levels of Greece - which ranks number two - whose financial crisis has been in the spotlight recently. Italy is third, followed by Jamaica, Lebanon and Enritrea. Currently, Japan’s national debt amounts more than a thousand trillion yen and the country’s debt is predicted to keep rising for the foreseeable future, albeit only slightly. Japan’s national debt is not without consequence for the global economy, because the country claims the fourth-largest share in global gross domestic product. Therefore, the effects on the global economy would and could have a much greater global impact than that of a country such as Greece - considering its share of the global economy adjusted for purchase power parity was less than 0.29 percent in 2011. The debt levels of China, the United States and India should also be watched closely as they together make up the largest share of global GDP. At the moment, Japan’s inflation rate is among the lowest in the world, but as Japan attempts to reduce its national debt, this could change.

. The People's Bank of China provides Household Debt in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics.


Further information about China Household Debt

• In the latest reports, China Household Debt accounted for 60.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2025
• Money Supply M2 in China increased 44,251.0 USD bn YoY in Mar 2025
• China Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 3,343.3 USD bn in Oct 2025
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 15.5 Months of Import in Oct 2025
• China Domestic Credit reached 52,818.4 USD bn in Oct 2025, representing an increased of 7.9 % YoY

Key information about Taiwan Total Debt: % of GDP

• Taiwan Total Debt accounted for 889.0 % of the country's GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 880.1 % in the previous year.
• Taiwan Total Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2000 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 892.2 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 593.4 % in Dec 2000.

CEIC calculates annual Total Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Total Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Total Debt is calculated as the Total Liabilities less Equity & Investment Fund Shares and Financial Derivatives. Central Bank of the Republic of China provides Total Debt in local currency. Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan provides Nominal GDP in local currency.

This dataset provides values for PRIVATE DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.