The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

China recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 88.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - China Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2023, total debt of nonfinancial sectors in China have grown to around *** percent of the domestic gross domestic product (GDP). Over the last two decades, China's total debt increased by one of the fastest paces among major economies in the world.

Key information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• China Government debt accounted for 25.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 25.1 % in the previous quarter.
• China government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2014 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 25.6 % in Dec 2024 and a record low of 14.0 % in Mar 2014.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, China National Government Debt reached 4,230.0 USD bn in Dec 2023.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 4,166.8 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Households Debt in China decreased to 60 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 60.10 percent of GDP in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - China Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• China External Debt accounted for 13.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 13.7 % in the previous year.
• China External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1985 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 17.0 % in Dec 2014 and a record low of 5.1 % in Dec 1985.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange provides External Debt in USD. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of China, Current Account recorded a surplus of 146.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 8.1 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• China Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 33.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 36.9 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 2,545,309.4 in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 4,166.8 USD bn in Mar 2023.

In 2023, the total debt of nonfinancial sectors in China have grown to around 284.7 percent of the domestic gross domestic product (GDP). Private households had accumulated a total debt of 62.1 percent of the GDP that year.

Key information about China Household Debt: % of GDP

• China household debt accounted for 63.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2023, compared with the ratio of 61.9 % in the previous quarter.
• China household debt to GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2007 to Mar 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 63.3 % in Mar 2023 and a record low of 17.9 % in Dec 2008.

CEIC calculates quarterly Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Household Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The People's Bank of China provides Household Debt in local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides year-to-date Nominal GDP in local currency. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics.


Related information about China Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, China Household Debt reached 10,834.1 USD bn in Jun 2023.
• Money Supply M2 in China increased 11.6 % YoY in May 2023.
• China Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 3,193.0 USD bn in Jun 2023.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.9 Months of Import in Jun 2023.
• China Domestic Credit reached 43,669.0 USD bn in Jun 2023, representing an increased of 10.8 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.6 % in Mar 2023, compared with the ratio of 1.6 % in the previous quarter.

Historical chart and dataset showing China debt to gdp ratio by year from N/A to N/A.

In 2024, the gross government debt of China amounted to an estimated 89 percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), compared to 21 percent for Russia. For China, this was an increase over 2001 levels, when the gross government debt amounted to 25 percent of the country's GDP. Russia, on the other hand, has reduced this figure from 2001 levels, when gross government debt was 44 percent of the country's GDP.

This statistic shows the national debt of important industrial and emerging countries in 2023 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). In 2023, the national debt of China was at about 83.64 percent of the gross domestic product.

As of the first quarter 2019, the ratio of debt owed by the government to GDP in China was at 51 percent, an increase from 47.4 percent compared to the the same period of the previous year. In economics, the ratio between a country’s government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio.

As of July 2019, the ratio of debt owed by non-financial corporates in local currency to GDP in China was at 148.4 percent. In economics, the ratio between a country’s government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio.

Key information about China Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP

• China Private Debt accounted for 194.17 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a ratio of 195.45 % in the previous quarter
• China Private Debt contribution to Nominal GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1992 to Dec 2024, with an average share of 122.20 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 195.76 % in Jun 2024 and a record low of 80.44 % in Sep 1995

CEIC calculates quarterly Private Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Private Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The International Monetary Fund provides Private Debt in local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) Government debt accounted for 49.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 50.2 % in the previous year.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Mar 2003 to Mar 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 50.2 % in Mar 2023 and a record low of 27.3 % in Mar 2003.

CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Treasury provides Government Debt in local currency. Census and Statistics Department provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Provision for pensions, Bonds and Notes issued and Other Liabilities. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt reached 190.1 USD bn in Mar 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 91.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Household Debt: % of GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) household debt accounted for 87.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 88.8 % in the previous quarter.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) household debt to GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1982 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 96.2 % in Mar 2023 and a record low of 14.6 % in Jun 1982.

CEIC calculates quarterly Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Household Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Hong Kong Monetary Authority provides Household Debt in local currency. Census and Statistics Department provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics. Household Debt includes Mortgages and Consumer Loans. Household Debt prior to Q4 2018 excludes Working Capital Loans.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Hong Kong SAR (China) Household Debt reached 359.2 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• Money Supply M2 in Hong Kong SAR (China) increased 7.3 % YoY in Dec 2024.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 421.3 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.3 Months of Import in May 2023.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) Domestic Credit reached 1,011.8 USD bn in Oct 2024, representing an drop of 0.2 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.2 % in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 2.1 % in the previous quarter.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) Private Debt accounted for 195.76 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a ratio of 198.84 % in the previous quarter
• Hong Kong SAR (China) Private Debt contribution to Nominal GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1973 to Dec 2024, with an average share of 122.27 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 226.63 % in Jun 2021 and a record low of 41.72 % in Dec 1976

CEIC calculates quarterly Private Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Private Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Private Debt is calculated by subtracting Domestic Loans to Financial Corporations and Stockbrokers from Total Domestic Loans. Hong Kong Monetary Authority provides Private Debt in local currency. Census and Statistics Department provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Private Debt includes Government sector, excluding Exchange Fund. Private Debt prior to Q4 2018 excludes Working Capital Loans.

Household debt to GDP, in percent in China, September, 2024 The most recent value is 60.1 percent as of September 2024, a decline compared to the previous value of 60.4 percent. Historically, the average for China from March 2006 to September 2024 is 38.86 percent. The minimum of 10.7 percent was recorded in June 2006, while the maximum of 60.9 percent was reached in March 2024. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

China external debt for 2022 was 2.389 trillion US dollars, a 11.6% decline from 2021.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>China external debt for 2021 was <strong>2.702 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>16.16% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>China external debt for 2020 was <strong>2.326 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>10.03% increase</strong> from 2019.</li>
<li>China external debt for 2019 was <strong>2.114 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>7.78% increase</strong> from 2018.</li>
</ul>Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

This graph shows public expenditure on debt interest payments in China from 2016 to 2024. In 2024, total public expenditure on debt interest payments in China amounted to around 1.29 trillion yuan.