China recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 88.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - China Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2024, with forecasts to 2030. In 2024, gross national debt ranged at around 88 percent of the national gross domestic product. The debt-to-GDP ratio In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2024, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 250 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate. Development in China China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

Key information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• China Government debt accounted for 27.6 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 26.5 % in the previous quarter.
• China government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2014 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 27.6 % in Jun 2025 and a record low of 14.0 % in Mar 2014.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about China Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, China National Government Debt reached 4,736.4 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 4,953.4 USD bn in Sep 2025.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for China (GGGDTACNA188N) from 1995 to 2024 about China, debt, gross, and government.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• Hong Kong SAR (China) Government debt accounted for 49.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 50.2 % in the previous year.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) government debt to GDP ratio data is updated yearly, available from Mar 2003 to Mar 2024.

*This indicator will be no longer available from March 2026, 4th onwards. CEIC has a plan to remove the non-standard frequency indicator after the standard frequency indicator has been added and be available on this table. CEIC calculates Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Government Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Treasury provides Government Debt in local currency. Census and Statistics Department provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Provision for pensions, Bonds and Notes issued and Other Liabilities. Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt reached 190.1 USD bn in Mar 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 109.2 USD bn in Sep 2025.

In 2024, total debt of nonfinancial sectors in China have grown to around ***** percent of the domestic gross domestic product (GDP). Over the last two decades, China's total debt increased by one of the fastest paces among major economies in the world.

Key information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• China External Debt accounted for 12.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 13.4 % in the previous year.
• China External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1985 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 16.7 % in Dec 2014 and a record low of 5.1 % in Dec 1985.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange provides External Debt in USD. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Federal Reserve Board average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about China External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of China, Current Account recorded a surplus of 195.6 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 8.5 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• China Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 39.9 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 8.3 USD bn in Jun 2025.
• The country's External Debt reached 2,436,751.9 in Jun 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 4,953.4 USD bn in Sep 2025.

In 2024, the gross government debt of China amounted to an estimated ** percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), compared to ** percent for Russia. For China, this was an increase over 2001 levels, when the gross government debt amounted to ** percent of the country's GDP. Russia, on the other hand, has reduced this figure from 2001 levels, when gross government debt was ** percent of the country's GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding Domestic Public Debt Securities to GDP for China (DDDM04CNA156NWDB) from 2000 to 2020 about public, China, debt, domestic, securities, and GDP.

China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities data was reported at 15.898 % in Jun 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.111 % for Dec 2016. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities data is updated quarterly, averaging 15.145 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to Jun 2017, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.617 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 14.323 % in Dec 2012. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Debt Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

This statistic shows the national debt of important industrial and emerging countries in 2024 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). In 2024, the national debt of China was at about 88.33 percent of the gross domestic product.

As of the first quarter 2019, the ratio of debt owed by the government to GDP in China was at ** percent, an increase from **** percent compared to the the same period of the previous year. In economics, the ratio between a country’s government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio.

China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Up to 1 Year data was reported at 2.667 % in Jun 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.522 % for Dec 2016. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Up to 1 Year data is updated quarterly, averaging 1.624 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to Jun 2017, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.667 % in Jun 2017 and a record low of 1.231 % in Jun 2014. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Up to 1 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

Actual value and historical data chart for China Outstanding International Public Debt Securities To GDP Percent

As of July 2019, the ratio of debt owed by non-financial corporates in local currency to GDP in China was at 148.4 percent. In economics, the ratio between a country’s government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio.

China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Loans data was reported at 0.022 % in Jun 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.024 % for Dec 2016. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.029 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to Jun 2017, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.053 % in Jun 2010 and a record low of 0.022 % in Jun 2017. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

The statistic shows Japan's national debt from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the national debt of Japan amounted to about 236.1 percent of the gross domestic product. An eye on Japan’s national debt Japan’s national debt ranks first among countries with the highest debt levels in the world, far surpassing the debt levels of Greece - which ranks number two - whose financial crisis has been in the spotlight recently. Italy is third, followed by Jamaica, Lebanon and Enritrea. Currently, Japan’s national debt amounts more than a thousand trillion yen and the country’s debt is predicted to keep rising for the foreseeable future, albeit only slightly. Japan’s national debt is not without consequence for the global economy, because the country claims the fourth-largest share in global gross domestic product. Therefore, the effects on the global economy would and could have a much greater global impact than that of a country such as Greece - considering its share of the global economy adjusted for purchase power parity was less than 0.29 percent in 2011. The debt levels of China, the United States and India should also be watched closely as they together make up the largest share of global GDP. At the moment, Japan’s inflation rate is among the lowest in the world, but as Japan attempts to reduce its national debt, this could change.

China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Over 1 Year: Loans data was reported at 0.020 % in Jun 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.021 % for Dec 2016. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Over 1 Year: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.026 % from Dec 2009 (Median) to Jun 2017, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.048 % in Jun 2010 and a record low of 0.020 % in Jun 2017. China Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government: Long Term: Over 1 Year: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank: QPSD: Gross Public Debt: % of GDP: Central Government.

Graph and download economic data for Outstanding International Public Debt Securities to GDP for Hong Kong SAR, China (DDDM06HKA156NWDB) from 2004 to 2020 about Hong Kong, public, debt, securities, and GDP.

Key information about Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt

• Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt reached 190.1 USD bn in Mar 2024, compared with 181.7 USD bn in the previous year.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt data is updated yearly, available from Mar 2003 to Mar 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 190.1 USD bn in Mar 2024 and a record low of 45.3 USD bn in Mar 2003.

CEIC converts annual Government Debt into USD. The Treasury provides Government Debt in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Provision for Pensions, Bonds and Notes Issued and Other Liabilities. Government Debt is in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Related information about Hong Kong SAR (China) National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Hong Kong SAR (China) Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 6.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 49.1 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2024.
• Hong Kong SAR (China) Nominal GDP reached 91.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.