China SSF: Expense: Currency Exchange Loss data was reported at 292.054 RMB mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of -183.498 RMB mn for 2022. China SSF: Expense: Currency Exchange Loss data is updated yearly, averaging 40.477 RMB mn from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,091.056 RMB mn in 2013 and a record low of -360.196 RMB mn in 2019. China SSF: Expense: Currency Exchange Loss data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Council for Social Security Fund. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZC: Social Security Fund: Financial Data: Income and Expenses: National Council for Social Security Fund.

China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Loss Amount: Year to Date data was reported at 200.000 RMB mn in Dec 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 340.000 RMB mn for Dec 2018. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Loss Amount: Year to Date data is updated monthly, averaging 43.896 RMB mn from Mar 2003 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 732.110 RMB mn in Dec 2015 and a record low of 10.410 RMB mn in Mar 2003. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Loss Amount: Year to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.RFF: Electronic Mfg Industry: Computer: Monthly: Calculator & Money Specialized Equipment.

This database provides a set of 45 variables related to UNGA voting affinity vis-à-vis China, official lending, and other bilateral economic and political indicators for China and 43 African countries over the period 2000-2020. The indicators are grouped into four categories: voting data, loan and debt, economic indicators, and political indicators. This dataset was compiled in order to conduct research and econometric work for a journal article entitled: « Lend your Money, Lose your Friend? » - Chinese Official Lending and Bilateral Political Alignment: The Case of Africa , written by Clément Durif, Junior Resarch Fellow at the Asia Centre clement.durif@sciencespo.frThe status of this journal article is pending submittal and acceptation from a Journal Publication

The USD/CNY exchange rate fell to 7.0696 on December 2, 2025, down 0.05% from the previous session. Over the past month, the Chinese Yuan has strengthened 0.81%, and is up by 3.15% over the last 12 months. Chinese Yuan - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Loss Amount: Year to Date data was reported at 0.187 RMB bn in Oct 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.193 RMB bn for Sep 2015. China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Loss Amount: Year to Date data is updated monthly, averaging 0.097 RMB bn from Dec 2003 (Median) to Oct 2015, with 97 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.214 RMB bn in Aug 2015 and a record low of 0.015 RMB bn in Dec 2010. China Calculator & Currency Special Equipment: Loss Amount: Year to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Industrial Sector – Table CN.BHW: Culture and Office Machinery: Calculator and Currency Special Equipment.

China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, fell to 3898 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.42% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 1.98%, though it remains 15.36% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

China Securities Company: P&L: Net Interests Income: Money Lending data was reported at -1,223.371 RMB mn in 2012. This records a decrease from the previous number of -999.000 RMB mn for 2011. China Securities Company: P&L: Net Interests Income: Money Lending data is updated yearly, averaging -918.000 RMB mn from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2012, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -432.000 RMB mn in 2008 and a record low of -1,223.371 RMB mn in 2012. China Securities Company: P&L: Net Interests Income: Money Lending data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Securities Regulatory Commission. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Financial Market – Table CN.ZZA: Profit and Loss of Securities Company.

China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Number of Enterprise: Loss data was reported at 22.000 Unit in Dec 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 27.000 Unit for Dec 2018. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Number of Enterprise: Loss data is updated monthly, averaging 27.000 Unit from Mar 2003 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44.000 Unit in Feb 2009 and a record low of 9.000 Unit in Dec 2011. China Calculator & Money Specialized Equip Mfg: Number of Enterprise: Loss data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.RFF: Electronic Mfg Industry: Computer: Monthly: Calculator & Money Specialized Equipment.

In 2024, the total value of the U.S. trade in goods with China amounted to around *** billion U.S. dollars composed of a ****** billion U.S. dollars export value and a ****** billion U.S. dollars import value. This represented a negative trade balance of ***** billion U.S. dollars.

The benchmark interest rate in China was last recorded at 3 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - China Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in China increased to 3343000 USD Million in October from 3339000 USD Million in September of 2025. This dataset provides - China Foreign Exchange Reserves - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

China Loan: Domestic: Medium Enterprise: Loss Loan data was reported at 44.900 RMB bn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.513 RMB bn for 2015. China Loan: Domestic: Medium Enterprise: Loss Loan data is updated yearly, averaging 22.654 RMB bn from Dec 2009 (Median) to 2016, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44.900 RMB bn in 2016 and a record low of 16.931 RMB bn in 2011. China Loan: Domestic: Medium Enterprise: Loss Loan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money and Banking – Table CN.KB: Loan: By Loan Category and Enterprise Size.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

In October 2025, the monthly inflation rate in China ranged at 0.2 percent compared to the same month in the previous year. Inflation had peaked at 2.8 percent in September 2022, but eased thereafter. The annual average inflation rate in China ranged at 0.2 percent in 2024. China’s inflation in comparison The term inflation means the devaluation of money caused by a permanent increase of the price level for products such as consumer or investment goods. The inflation rate is most commonly measured by the Consumer Price Index. The Consumer Price Index shows the price development for private expenses based on a basket of products representing the consumption of an average consumer household. Compared to other major economies in the world, China has a moderate and stable level of inflation. The inflation in China is on average lower than in other BRIC countries, although China enjoys higher economic growth rates. Inflation rates of developed regions in the world had for a long time been lower than in China, but that picture changed fundamentally during the coronavirus pandemic with most developed countries experiencing quickly rising consumer prices. Regional inflation rates in China In China, there is a regional difference in inflation rates. As of May 2025, Shaanxi province experienced the highest CPI growth, while Guangxi reported the lowest. In recent years, inflation rates in rural areas have often been slightly higher than in the cities. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, inflation was mainly fueled by a surge in prices for food and micellaneous items and services in recent months. The price gain in other sectors was comparatively slight. Transport prices have decreased recently, but had grown significantly in 2021 and 2022.

At the end of 2022, the total amount of restricted cash of the Chinese property development company Sunac amounted to nearly ** billion yuan, dropping by around ** percent compared to the previous year. The restricted cash from property pre-sale proceeds of Sunac was around ** billion yuan that year.

China Loan: Domestic: Large Enterprise: Loss Loan data was reported at 33.000 RMB bn in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.487 RMB bn for 2015. China Loan: Domestic: Large Enterprise: Loss Loan data is updated yearly, averaging 11.633 RMB bn from Dec 2009 (Median) to 2016, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.000 RMB bn in 2016 and a record low of 5.249 RMB bn in 2013. China Loan: Domestic: Large Enterprise: Loss Loan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money and Banking – Table CN.KB: Loan: By Loan Category and Enterprise Size.

China NPL Ratio: Loss Loan: Banking data was reported at 0.300 % in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.300 % for 2016. China NPL Ratio: Loss Loan: Banking data is updated yearly, averaging 0.200 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2017, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.300 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.200 % in 2015. China NPL Ratio: Loss Loan: Banking data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money and Banking – Table CN.KB: Non Performing Loan (NPL).

Inflation Rate in China increased to 0.20 percent in October from -0.30 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - China Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Snapshot img

Mutual Funds Market Size 2025-2029

The mutual funds market size is valued to increase USD 85.5 trillion, at a CAGR of 9.9% from 2024 to 2029. Market liquidity will drive the mutual funds market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

North America dominated the market and accounted for a 52% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Stock funds segment was valued at USD 50.80 trillion in 2023
By Distribution Channel - Advice channel segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 151.38 trillion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 85.50 trillion
CAGR : 9.9%
North America: Largest market in 2023

Market Summary

The market represents a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, characterized by continuous growth and innovation. With core technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning increasingly shaping investment strategies, mutual funds have become a preferred choice for individual and institutional investors alike. According to recent reports, mutual fund assets under management globally reached an impressive 61.8 trillion USD as of 2021, underscoring the market's substantial size and influence. However, the market is not without challenges. Transaction risks, regulatory compliance, and competition from alternative investment vehicles remain significant hurdles.
Despite these challenges, opportunities abound, particularly in developing nations where mutual fund adoption rates have been on the rise. For instance, mutual fund assets in Asia Pacific grew by 15.3% in 2020, outpacing the global average. As market liquidity continues to improve and regulatory frameworks evolve, the market is poised for further expansion and transformation.

What will be the Size of the Mutual Funds Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Mutual Funds Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The mutual funds industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD trillion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Stock funds
  Bond funds
  Money market funds
  Hybrid funds


Distribution Channel

  Advice channel
  Retirement plan channel
  Institutional channel
  Direct channel
  Supermarket channel


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    Spain
    UK


  APAC

    Australia
    China
    India


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The stock funds segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Mutual funds, specifically those investing in stocks, constitute a significant segment of the financial market. These funds exhibit diverse characteristics, catering to various investor preferences. For instance, growth funds prioritize stocks with high growth potential, while income funds focus on securities yielding regular dividends. Index funds mirror a specific market index, such as the S&P 500, and sector funds zero in on a particular industry sector. Share classes within mutual funds differ based on the share of investment. For example, large-cap funds allocate a minimum of 80% of their assets to large-cap companies, which represent the top 100 firms in terms of market capitalization.

Investors can opt for dividend reinvestment plans, enabling them to reinvest their dividends to maximize returns. Tax-efficient investing strategies, such as tax-loss harvesting, help minimize tax liabilities. Bond fund yields and currency exchange risk are essential considerations for investors in bond funds. Risk management strategies, including diversification and asset allocation models, play a crucial role in mitigating potential losses. Fund manager expertise and regulatory compliance frameworks are essential factors for investors. Hedge fund strategies, financial statement audits, actively managed funds, and passive investment strategies all contribute to the evolving mutual fund landscape. Expense ratios, asset allocation models, capital gains distributions, and portfolio rebalancing techniques are essential metrics for evaluating mutual fund performance.

Inflation-adjusted returns and equity fund volatility are crucial for long-term investment planning. Alternative investment funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) offer additional investment opportunities, with global diversification benefits and passive investment strategies gaining popularity. Nav calculation methods and passive investment strategies further broaden the scope of mutual fund investments. According to recent studies, stock mutual fund adoption stands at 35%, with expectations of a 21% increase in industry participation over the next five years. Meanwhil

China NPL: Loss Loan: Banking data was reported at 345.740 RMB bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 295.670 RMB bn for 2016. China NPL: Loss Loan: Banking data is updated yearly, averaging 150.845 RMB bn from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2017, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 345.740 RMB bn in 2017 and a record low of 108.900 RMB bn in 2012. China NPL: Loss Loan: Banking data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money and Banking – Table CN.KB: Non Performing Loan (NPL).