Business Confidence in China increased to 49.20 points in November from 49 points in October of 2025. This dataset provides - China Business Confidence - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This dataset provides values for MANUFACTURING PMI reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

New Orders in China decreased to 48.80 points in October from 49.70 points in September of 2025. This dataset provides - China New Orders - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) for the Manufacturing Sector of the People’s Republic of China. Index reading < 50 indicates contraction, index reading > 50 indicates expansion. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China, Trading Economics, China Federation of Logistics & Purchasing, Markit Economics

China PMI: Retail Trade: Input Price data was reported at 60.900 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 59.100 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Input Price data is updated monthly, averaging 57.390 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.990 % in Jan 2008 and a record low of 49.570 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Input Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Employment data was reported at 50.900 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 49.700 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Employment data is updated monthly, averaging 50.745 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53.260 % in Jul 2009 and a record low of 46.460 % in Dec 2008. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: New Business data was reported at 49.400 % in Dec 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49.700 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: New Business data is updated monthly, averaging 50.445 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.470 % in Mar 2008 and a record low of 34.030 % in Dec 2008. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: New Business data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Employment data was reported at 54.400 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 51.700 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Employment data is updated monthly, averaging 53.695 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 61.840 % in Jan 2008 and a record low of 43.480 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

Description

This dataset provides monthly economic indicators examining the relationship between US protectionist trade policies and Chinese economic growth from May 2022 to May 2025. The dataset can be used for academic research, statistical analysis, and educational purposes in international economics and trade policy studies.

Context

The dataset captures the economic dynamics during a period of heightened trade tensions between the United States and China. It includes comprehensive indicators of US protectionist measures and their potential impact on various dimensions of Chinese economic performance.

Dataset Structure

Time Period: May 2022 - May 2025 Frequency: Monthly Total Observations: 1127 Total Variables: 14

Column Descriptions

Date

• Type: Categorical (YYYY-MM format)
• Description: Month and year of observation

US Protectionism Indicators

US_Tariff_Index

• Type: Continuous
• Range: 100-120
• Description: Tariff rate index where 100 represents the baseline. Higher values indicate increased protectionist measures.

US_Trade_Restrictions

• Type: Discrete
• Range: 5-15
• Description: Number of new trade restrictions implemented per month, including tariffs, quotas, and non-tariff barriers.

US_AntiDumping_Cases

• Type: Discrete
• Range: 0-12
• Description: Number of anti-dumping cases filed against Chinese products per month.

US_Trade_Policy_Uncertainty

-Type: Continuous - Range: 90-160 - Description: Index measuring uncertainty in trade policy (0-200 scale). Higher values indicate greater uncertainty.

Chinese Growth Indicators

China_GDP_Growth_YoY

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Percentage (%)
• Range: 3.5-5.5%
• Description: Year-over-year GDP growth rate for China.

China_Industrial_Production_YoY

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Percentage (%)
• Range: 2.5-5.0%
• Description: Year-over-year change in industrial production output.

China_Exports_Growth_YoY

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Percentage (%)
• Range: 0-15%
• Description: Year-over-year growth rate of Chinese exports.

China_Manufacturing_PMI

• Type: Continuous
• Range: 47-52
• Description: Purchasing Managers' Index for manufacturing sector. Values >50 indicate expansion, <50 indicate contraction.

China_FDI_Inflow_USD_Billion

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Billion USD
• Range: 7-15
• Description: Monthly foreign direct investment inflows into China.

Bilateral Trade Indicators

US_China_Trade_Volume_USD_Billion

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Billion USD
• Range: 40-60
• Description: Total monthly bilateral trade volume between US and China.

US_Trade_Deficit_China_USD_Billion

• Type: Continuous
• Unit: Billion USD
• Range: -32 to -24
• Description: US trade deficit with China. Negative values indicate deficit.

Additional Economic Indicators

USD_CNY_Exchange_Rate

• Type: Continuous
• Range: 6.7-7.3
• Description: Exchange rate expressing yuan per US dollar.

China_Stock_Index

• Type: Continuous
• Range: 2,800-3,500
• Description: Shanghai Composite Stock Index (normalized).

China PMI: Retail Trade: New Business data was reported at 66.100 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 56.500 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: New Business data is updated monthly, averaging 55.645 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.430 % in Jan 2009 and a record low of 34.780 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: New Business data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Inventory data was reported at 50.000 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 46.100 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Inventory data is updated monthly, averaging 47.750 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53.410 % in Aug 2008 and a record low of 42.400 % in Apr 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Inventory data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Price Charged data was reported at 58.600 % in Dec 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 62.400 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Price Charged data is updated monthly, averaging 53.720 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.980 % in Jun 2008 and a record low of 33.140 % in Dec 2008. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Price Charged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Price Charged data was reported at 53.000 % in Dec 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 56.100 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Price Charged data is updated monthly, averaging 51.105 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.830 % in May 2008 and a record low of 42.610 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Price Charged data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data was reported at 51.500 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 47.900 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data is updated monthly, averaging 51.360 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54.270 % in Feb 2008 and a record low of 46.920 % in Sep 2008. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data was reported at 57.300 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 56.300 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data is updated monthly, averaging 49.765 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.620 % in Jan 2009 and a record low of 37.970 % in Jan 2008. China PMI: Retail Trade: Suppliers' Delivery Time data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Backlog Order data was reported at 46.900 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 44.900 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Backlog Order data is updated monthly, averaging 41.375 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.900 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 33.940 % in Dec 2008. China PMI: Retail Trade: Backlog Order data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Inventory data was reported at 60.100 % in Dec 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 55.300 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Inventory data is updated monthly, averaging 54.205 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 68.640 % in Jan 2008 and a record low of 39.380 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Inventory data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Expectation data was reported at 77.400 % in Dec 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 82.600 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Expectation data is updated monthly, averaging 76.305 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.650 % in Sep 2008 and a record low of 53.910 % in Jan 2009. China PMI: Retail Trade: Business Expectation data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Retail Trade.

China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Backlog Order data was reported at 39.800 % in Dec 2009. This records a decrease from the previous number of 45.500 % for Nov 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Backlog Order data is updated monthly, averaging 41.725 % from Jan 2008 (Median) to Dec 2009, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49.500 % in May 2009 and a record low of 38.240 % in Feb 2009. China PMI: Wholesale Trade: Backlog Order data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Business and Economic Survey – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade.

采购经理指数:批发业:新订单在12-01-2009达49.400%，相较于11-01-2009的49.700%有所下降。采购经理指数:批发业:新订单数据按月更新，01-01-2008至12-01-2009期间平均值为50.445%，共24份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于03-01-2008，达66.470%，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-2008，为34.030%。CEIC提供的采购经理指数:批发业:新订单数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于国家统计局，数据归类于中国经济数据库的经济和企业调查 – Table CN.OP: Purchasing Managers' Index: Non Manufacturing: Wholesale Trade。